In 1889 an army revolt ended the Brazilian Monarchy, the country becoming a
Republic and adopting a federal constitution in 1891. (1)
(1) See here for the member states.
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Head of the Provisional Government
Chefe do Governo Provisório
1889 - 1891 Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca 1827 - 1892
Presidents
Presidentes
1891 Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca, resigned s.a.
1891 - 1894 Floriano Vieira Peixoto* (2) 1839 - 1895
1894 - 1898 Prudente José de Morais Barros 1841 - 1902
1898 - 1902 Manuel Ferraz de Campos Salles 1841 - 1913
1902 - 1906 Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves 1848 - 1919
1906 - 1909 Affonso Augusto Moreira Penna 1847 - 1909
1909 - 1910 Nilo Procópio Peçanha 1867 - 1924
1910 - 1914 Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca 1855 - 1923
1914 - 1918 Venceslau Brás Pereira Gomes 1868 - 1966
1918 - 1919 Delfim Moreira da Costa Ribeiro (3) 1868 - 1920
1919 - 1922 Epitácio Lindolfo da Silva Pessoa 1865 - 1942
1922 - 1926 Artur da Silva Bernardes 1875 - 1955
1926 - 1930 Washington Luís Pereira de Sousa, deposed
in a military coup 1869 - 1957
Governing Junta (4)
Junta Governativa
1930 -Augusto Tasso Fragoso (chairman) 1869 - 1945
-João de Deus Menna Barreto 1874 - 1933
-José Isaías de Noronha 1873 - 1963
Head of the Provisional Government
Chefe do Governo Provisório
1930 - 1934 Getúlio Dornelles Vargas 1883 - 1954
President
Presidente
1934 - 1945 Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (5) s.a.
(2) In 1893 parts of the Army - followed by part of the Navy - revolted
against Teixoto, whose succession as acting president they considered
as unconstitutional.
At the same time the Partido Federalista of Rio Grande do Sul also
started a revolt - the so-called Revolta Federalista - first only
directed against the government of the state but later also against
the central government, when it started supporting the state government.
Soon both rebel groups joined forces and established a Governo
Provisório da República Brasileira(Provisional Government of the
Brazilian Republic) whose territory - or rather zone of military
operations - included the States of Paraná, Rio de Janeiro,
Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina (whose city of Desterro became
the seat of the new government)
In 1894 the provisional government was crushed, but some leaders
continued to fight until 1895 when they made peace with the new
president.
Leaders of the Military Revolt
1893 - 1894 Adm. Custodio José de Mello 1840 - 1902
1893 - 1895 Adm Luis Filipe de Saldanha da Gama,
killed in battle 1846 - 1895
Leaders of the Federalist Revolt
Political Leader
1893 - 1894 Gaspar Silveira Martins 1834 - 1901
Military Leaders
1893 - 1894 -Gen. Gumercino Saraiva 1852 - 1894
-Gen. Joao Nunes da Silva Tavares
"Joca Tavares", barao de Itaqui
President of the Provisional Government of the Brazilian Republic
Presidente do Governo Provisório da República Brasileira
1893 - 1894 Capt. Frederico Guilherme de Lorena,
executed 1839 - 1894
(3) Acting president for Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves
(s.a.) who was elected president for the term 1918 - 1922,
(2x) but didn't take office due to his bad health.
(4) President-elect for the term 1930 - 1934 Júlio Prestes de
Albuquerque (1882 - 1946), didn't take office as a result
of the coup
(5) In 1935 the Brazilian Communist Party attempted to set up a Governo
Nacional Popular Revolucionário to be headed by Luís Carlos Prestes
(1898 - 1990) a leading member of the Comitê Militar Revolucionário
already set up in 1929 (?).
There were revolts on several places, the most important being that
taking place in the State of Rio Grande do Norte were the rebels
even seized power for a brief moment.
All were suppressed after a few days
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