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Image - . See pre-image.
Independent variable - The controlling or input value to a function. The data or conditions to be applied to a rule. The set of values for the independent variable is the domain of the function. See dependent variable, range.
Inequality - A statement that two expressions do not have the same value. See equation.
Infinite - Not countable. No end. Unmeasurably large. See Finite.
Infinitesimal - Infinitely small. A finite measurement contains an infinite number of infinitesimal parts. For example, a line segment contains an infinite number of points.
Integer - Whole number. May be positive, negative or zero. Includes the natural numbers. See Rational Numbers.
intercept Intercept - .
Intercepted - The part of a figure included between the points of intersection with another figure.
Intersecting - Meeting at a common point or set of points. See Parallel, Skew.
Intersection - The elements, points or values two sets have in common. See the explanation on Sets. See also Union, Empty set.
Inverse operations - Opposite operations. Common inverses: powers and roots, multiplication and division, addition and subtraction. Also, trigonometric functions and their arc-functions, logarithms and anti-logarithms. Performing an operation followed immediately by performing its inverse on the result returns the original value, provided that both operations are legal for the values given. Note that some operations are not defined for certain values, for example, powers, roots, division, tangents and cotangents, secants and cosecants, logarithms. See the explanation on Order of Operations.
Irrational numbers - Cannot be expressed as a fraction of two integers. In decimal form, never repeat and never end. Transcendental numbers. The idea of "irrational" does not mean that the numbers do not make sense but rather that for classes of irrational numbers such as square roots and infinite sums of fractions, the next digit of the decimal value cannot be predicted from the digits found so far. See real numbers.
Isosceles trapezoid - A trapezoid with the two non-parallel sides having equal length (congruent) and consequently forming equal and opposite angles with the bases.
Isosceles triangle - A triangle with at least two congruent sides and, consequently, at least two congruent angles (base angles) included between each of the sides and the base (third side).
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Last updated 6/2/97 - 4/15/2000.