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Factor - A whole-number divisor or quotient. When breaking up a whole number by division into smaller whole numbers (integers), one of the numbers found. See Factor tree. See also the explanation on Divisibility Tests for shortcuts.
Factor tree - A diagram showing all stages of breaking down a number by division into its prime factors. Each level of the tree should show all of the factors at that level so that multiplying the numbers across the level will equal the original value. This is useful both for checking and for ensuring that all prime factors will be available for finding greatest common factors (GCFs) and least common multiples (LCMs) or least common denominators (LCDs).
Factorable - Divisible into smaller whole units. See Factor, Factor tree. See also the explanation on Divisibility Tests for shortcuts.
Fahrenheit - A temperature scale where 32 degrees is the freezing point of water and 212 degrees is the boiling point. See Celsius, Kelvin.
Figure - A set of points, forming a (usually) contiguous unit according to a set of rules specified in its definition. A shape. A locus.
Finite - Countable. Even if doing so may not be practical, there is an end to it someplace. See Infinite.
FOIL - A method for remembering all of the partial products when multiplying two binomials. The acronym stands for First, Outside, Inside, Last. Multiply the first term of each binomial together, then the first term of one binomial with the last term of the other, then the last with the first, then the last term of each. See the explanation on Multiplying Polynomials.
Fraction - A quotient of two numerical values, usually integers or variables, separated by a fraction bar. See rational number, ratio.
Function - A relation between a controlling condition or input (independent variable) and a resulting condition or output (dependent variable). There must be a unique result for each input value, that is, the output must be predictable. There may be more than one input with the same output. There may be more than one input variable. If a relation has more than one output variable, it is known as a transformation.
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Last updated 6/2/97 - 4/13/2000.