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F. Terrorism: Means or End?


Dear Friends: I write to you again because I fear that any prospects of co-existence between the Moslem and the Judeo-Christian worlds may be in jeopardy simply because we cannot enter each other’s frame of mind-- indeed, frame of time. I therefore would like, if I may, to take this opportunity to put before you thoughts and revisions of my thoughts prompted by your very kind efforts to make me rethink my thinking. President Bush speaks of a Grand Coalition opposed to terrorism. But what is the point the Moslem and Western members of that coalition have in common when they speak of "terrorism"? TERROR AS A MEANS OF COMMUNICATION One could well understand "terrorism" an *effect* of sudden unexpected violent action. Thus, terrorism would be defined by the persistent physiological state of stress such an event imposes, not on its victims (who physiologically are rendered defunked or nearly so) but on those who survive it and those that are made aware of it. Thus, it could be argued, CNN is a terrorist organization because it inflicts on those of us far from a violent event the same sense of terror as those who witnesses the violent event by replaying it for us, OVER AND OVER AND OVER AND OVER AND OVER...and over again on our TV sets. Without CNN, one might say, most of the nation and most of the world would never have been victims of terrorism (I say CNN but I mean the news media as a whole). So simply knowing, not only that an event happened to some unknown strangers, but also that it could happen to us as well, making us feel frightfully vulnerable, terrorizes us. I recall a brilliant polisci prof at UC Berkeley who in his course on terrorism-- he was dealing with communist state terror against the citizens instead of the presently confronted kind-- said that terror was like the California State Police wanting people not to speed on the Bay Bridge going to San Francisco. Well, they couldn't follow every car and they couldn't stop every car that was speeding. So they would stop cars in such a random way that one never knew if he would be stopped, so everyone would be careful not to speed. But he readily admitted the flaw in his example, in that, (a) the victims of terror never really knew why they were targeted and (b) those that were not targeted should know that those who were targeted fell victim to a frightful state. Still, the essence of terrorism has always been the advertising of a cause through fear that the terror committed on its behalf could recur, any time, any place; for without it being common knowledge to have happened, to recur and to be unpredictable, there would be no terror. All these attributes are indicated for the terrorists by the press to a very wide audience. Terrorism indeed is a media attention seeking devise, as pointed out by Michael Howard in an article in the LONDON TIMES, recently. Terror not only scares you but it focuses you and makes you acquiescently receptive to the message passed on to you in that frightened state, for the terrorists, by the media. The media—as CNN often has done—becomes the mouthpiece for the terrorists. In their efforts to “scoop” each other, news services find themselves competing as the best platform from which the terrorists can present their message. People, thus vicariously terrorized through the media, find themselves grateful to the terrorists for sparing them when nothing happens. They thus become strangely receptive captives (through the media) to the terrorist message, at the very least attentive. Just as the Soviet media made Stalin both feared and loved, CNN et al are making bin Laden a legitimate contender for the people’s sympathy. That the process works was made clear by the millions hysterically sobbing when Stalin died. Just Russians were made to think that there is no life after Stalin, CNN and company are making bin Laden and Co. a familiar part of our lives with their never ending “news” and interviews. So long as he has our attention, one can expect that he will hurt us again in order to keep it. Terror is effective only so long as the terrorist is always on the target people’s minds. TERRORISM SEEN AS A MEANS Besides a condition of fear for those AROUND its victims, terrorism is also a MEANS to the weak who otherwise could not hope to command attention or to bend the will of oppressors. For a state strength comes from order. State terror at its mildest extreme is police surveillance. Beyond that, moving towards the other extreme, an example is the terror of colonial authority on the inferior "aborigines" or "natives" subjugated by the superior "civilized" society dominating them. It is amusing to think of the "pieds moirés," most of whom were not French or the lowest class of Frenchmen in Indochina, for example, bringing "la mission civilizatrice" of La Metropole to Algerians, Moroccans, Lebanese, Tunesians and Syrians. In contrast, the British hid their feeling of racial superiority and manipulated the local leaders in a divide and conquer scheme. But when the "natives" got restless, colonial power asserted its strength through fire power, with little regard for loss of life. It was through escalating exploitation of weak moments on the part of the recognized "superior" occupying European power that the Moslems were able to make the colonial venture not worth the cost to the mother country whose sole colonial goal was economic. Thus, the progeny of those too weak to resist white power refined terrorism against colonial authority to the point that the white power no longer considered colonialism a manageable venture. That is no small task for people that through three generations had drummed into their heads: "We [Europeans] are here to civilize you savages." While the colonialists claimed to have simply abandoned their colonies because the venture was no longer worth the effort, the natives considered the departure of the colonial powers victory in a holy struggle whose success was paid for in blood and pain. It was, in other words, the means to victory for the righteous weak against the evil powerful. That victory was seen as a mark of the righteousness of one's cause in the eyes of God and a sign of the superiority of the once defeated order. How can one, therefore, not understand the exalted status given to terrorism as the means by which the weak free themselves from the strong? How can one expect nations that owe their seemingly impossible independence to terrorism to denounce it? TERRORISM SEEN AS AN END To Pres. Bush--- probably reflecting the thinking of most Americans-- terrorism is a perverted end onto itself. It cannot be seen as a means because no means would justify, in American eyes, such heinous deeds. Thus, for example, everyone knows what McVey did, but few know why he felt compelled to do it. Yet, most Americans were horrified by the Ruby Ridge and Waico incidents that so horrified McVey as to drive him to bomb a federal building; no one associates his deed with his outrage. To us, terror is the senseless taking of innocent lives and nothing could justify that. Yet, we deem "collateral damage" the Afghani women and children killed by our bombs really aimed at Taliban forces without these deaths de-legitimatising the reason for our bombing. Yet, we consider the events of Sept 11th senseless killing of innocents. None of us, me included, would stop to ask: what's their point? To us it was all depraved vicious massacre of innocents. That bin Laden did that in outrage for our desecration of “holy land” with our global economy is given to consideration. But what if no one had been in the buildings and they were somehow demolished without hurting anyone? Would we then have accepted their destruction on grounds that our "consumerist culture" has desecrated the Moslem's holy grounds? Would we contemplate the spiritual evil" inflicted on a vulnerable peoples by our corporate globalist avarice? Would we have accepted the idea that this is not a Judeo-Christian vs. Moslem religious war but a legitimate retaliation for mercantile invasion by powerful corporations seeking more more business at the expense of Moslem sanctity? Would we have insisted that free trade everywhere and anywhere is our right? DO WE KNOW WHAT OUR GLOBAL ECONOMY IS DOING? We have engorged ourselves in Middle Eastern oil. Today alone I saw four commercials for gas-guzzling SUVs in the one hour that I watched CNN. We sent out a lot of petro-dollars to buy gas and we wanted them flowing back to us somehow. So, through investment and consumption, we squeezed an Arab or Iranian here, another there, until, through their purchase of our goods, the petro-dollar flow was totally acceptable to us. We advocated "globalism,” claiming that our corporate global economy, would bring the "standard of living" of the so-called "Third World" to the level of ours. Did we ever consider that if we, 6% of the world's population, need to consume 56% of the world's resources to achieve our standard of living, for 100% of mankind to achieve our standard of living may be a mathematical impossibility? Did we, therefore, proceed to develop an alternate "development scheme" providing a declining scale of "standard of living" from absurdly luxuriant for a very few at the top to abject poverty for most at the bottom—with enough moderately well off so that the very, very rich could impose our "corporate presence" on the very, very poor? I will not offer answers. I will only suggest that if we try to think beyond Sept 11th and beyond binLaden and the Taliban, we must avoid ending our contemplation at the level of terrorism as an evil end— evil for evil’s sake. To those who used terror to get British, French, Spanish and Portuguese oppression off their beloved and sacred lands and faiths, it is not a war between religions, it is a war of God's will against foreign evil. And terror is used because terror works, not because it is evil. If we can't change the minds of millions of Moslems about our ends in the Middle East, we can't escape the next blow. It would seem, if terror is their end, that we must destroy them all so that the terror stops. But, perhaps there is a wiser middle way, where we might spare ALL further bloodshed. Perhaps if we recognized the fact that terror is their means, not their end, we might be able to come to terms with them as we deter them with the very power we would not want to use. I don't know the answers to my questions, but I can’t stop thinking about these questions either as we bomb and bomb and bomb and bomb…; I'm only throwing these thoughts to you for discussion. Despite my bitter anger-- and yours-- towards those cells of suicide-murdering psychotics hiding out amongst us I’m trying to see the other side. Please help me. Please join me in dialogue with those who see things from a different angle. Lets not be so blind in our rage that we blur the differences between us and them that Pres. Bush so aptly enumerated. One of the responses I got was from my son. Lloyd Gardner of Rutgers introduced him to international affairs and the Cold War. I append his note to me as, among other things, testament to the impact of pedagogic excellence. I always challenged Gardner's views. Yet, now, a student of his for only one undergraduate semester, my son has made Gardner's ( and W. Appleman William's) concern with our post-WWII corporate cultural imperialism worth thinking about. That's "higher" education at its highest—a former student, now a busy lawyer, stops to consider the foreboding words of one of his professors from so long ago. I beg you all to please transmit your thoughts on this issue back to me. Thank you all in advance. Daniel E. Teodoru Below is my son’s response to me: --- DanielT wrotte: I have read your e-mail, and remarkably enough, I find myself agreeing with most of what you have to say on this issue. First, your point regarding mutually assured destruction is well received. Invariably, it is a fundamental precept of our nation's government, as any other's, that the core essential purpose of that establishment, above all, when push comes to shove, is the protection of the sanctity of its borders and the safety of its inhabitants. From a realist viewpoint, the promise of such vehement national protection, by means as frightful as nuclear weapons if necessary, IS, I believe, a legitimate if not practical or humanitarian act of self defense. The matriculation of that promise into action may also be justified, depending on the circumstances, in an effort to not just eradicate the aggressors who have been pinpointed but also to send an honest message plainly portraying the horrible resolve this nation can and will resort to when prevoked. We, of course, are the only nation that dared to take such an awful step. However, there are some significant pratfalls in reaching such an honest and certain, albeit hostile, state of equilibrium with the Mullahs. Moreover, if this state of equilibrium does not have mutual respect to Muslim solutions for the Muslim world as an actual goal, but simply props up more "regimes" as a means designed to achieve an end similar to the resolution of the cold war, the true kindling for the hatred of America which has culminated in the September 11th attacks may never be extinguished or even controlled. Accordingly, we, as Americans, may never attain a cure for our disease, A SENSE OF TERROR, as you so aptly phrased it. Instead, as is the great malaise of western medicine, we will continue to focus on diagnostic rather than preventative treatment, and therefore never be assured that any step we take will "do not harm". I would suggest that this notion of doing no harm, in a more colloquial sense, is at the core of the angst of this country's identity, and an underrooting complication in our ability to take any effective action in response to September 11th. Simply stated, we do not want to know, or be, who we perhaps truly are. There is a classic legal cannon called the "clean hands doctrine", which establishes that if one seeks to come to a court of law or equity seeking relief or justice, one must have "clean hands", and not be in violation of legal or equitable principals themselves. This concept still represents the dichotomy in the American sense of national self. We as Americans want to assume the identity as benevolent and peaceful people, while still maintaining our ability to consume all the world has to offer at a grossly disproportionate rate, and proceeding with life ambivalent or even unaware of the externalities that our actions have outside, and often even within, our borders. Yes, we have an open society in many respects, but it is also an overly paternal, often closed society, that never allows us to pair the priorities of our society with the consequences of those choices, and thereby determine if those priorities are indeed appropriate. Instead, it is encompassed by that overreaching goal to preserve "the American way of life", for whatever that vagary actually connotes. The reality of our actions to preserve the status quo (at least for a select wealthy few that contribute heartily to certain Texans' campaigns) are infrequently discussed. Yes, we have played a major role in the Israel - Palestine conflict, arming Israel, allowing the indefinite displacement of a Palestinian state, etc. Perhaps, as you noted, we have legitimate grounds for these actions, based in our Judeo-Christian background, though this is quite a slice of hypocricy given the treatment of Jews by Christians over the past century and beyond. Yes, we have imposed severe sanctions on Iraq, as an aggressive and totalitarian regime (which, by the way, we helped empower), at a great cost to the same civilians that we incited to oppose Saddam in the Gulf War, and then abandoned once Kuwait's oil reserves were safe (diagonal oil drilling aside). At the same time, we support equally if not more repressive regimes in Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and many other middle eastern nations because it preserves a vital resource for our way of life (translate - oil for 8 cylinder SUV's). In fact, 50 years ago, when the Shah of Iran, the US, UK and France divvied up practically all of Iran's oil wealth, while people starved in the streets, we played a massive role in overturning a revolutionary regime and returned the Shah to power. A quarter of a century later, when Khomeini led a "holy insurgence", we managed to act shocked by the intensity of the wrath displayed. Were we justified in these actions?? Perhaps, depending on the priorities you consign to. The current "campaign" in Afghanistan further underscores this tendency. I will not go into the propriety of our actions at this time. Instead, I would point out the conflict in what we do and how we envision ourselves. In the name of the protection of our civilians from terror, we are now (several incidents have been acknowledged by the west) taking the lives of Afghan civilians. We can not even call such deaths errors or unfortunate products of war - rather, we euphemize them as "collateral damage". Moreover, in an effort to make our public feel "better" about the actions we are taking, we are dropping off RME rations from six miles in the air, with use instructions in English, to many of those same civilians. Further, this bombing campaign, as with all our others in the past, has, I believe, been prolonged (does the Taliban really represent that much of an aerial and logistic threat??) in order to avoid if possible the only solution to attain our apparent mission, an actual ground war, which may have the unpalatable result of the loss of more American lives. We clearly do not want this result, yet we do want our easy revenge, so the result is a bombing campaign which does little to cure our disease, only hide the pain while it mestacicizes. As an interesting aside, in Oregon and Washington, new clear cuts must leave a 50 foot strip of trees along the highway corridor, to preserve the aesthetics of the once forested areas - this angst is certainly not limited to foreign affairs. This problem has, of course, been exacerbated by the Bush administration in the past month. He has decided to gloss over the notion of not just why this happened but also how this happened, instead opting to fall back on the feel good radio pop psychology analysis that we are good and love freedom and they simply hate us for that. This message is somewhat patronizing even if proffered to a young child when the stakes are so high and the disease so great, as they are in the current matter. He reverts to the caricature of an old west law man (amusing, given his family's WASP Connecticut country club background), rather than allowing this nation to face the breadth and complexity of the issue we have taken on and the ramifications of our approach to this all. Of course, I would be quick to consign much of these actions to demands of all the patrician interests that characterize the Republican Party, and the need to preserve the status quo, which propagates the interests of the wealthy and corporate over the needs and interests of the masses. However, no party, politician, or citizen of this Country is absolved from the responsibility to come to terms with our Machievellian selves, ask whether or not we support the priorities we have set and are willing to assume the consequences for that decision. Therefore, I would not coin you as "nuke em Dan", but rather would characterize your suggestion as one which is honest and to a large degree appreciates the reality of what our country is, and the measures we will take to assert our dominance, though I believe we have a divergence of opinion as to what this Country should be. However, I agree that firm inaction may be a much better solution to the action we currently take. There is no correct answer here. Nonetheless, some alternative approach, where we utilized our international consensus to pointedly enter Afghanistan to remove Bin Laden and Al Quetta without playing into the stereotype of harming civilian Muslims through the use of our western technology, would also be more effective. I would suggest that the resolve of many Mullahs, and the characterization of America OUTSIDE the US, particularly in the Muslim world, as arrogant, heartless, imperialist, etc., has only been fortified by news of civilian deaths as we bomb from the sky. Therefore, we again may well be allowing the disease to grow while we treat it temporarily with aspirin. On a final note, as for your suggestion that we reach a MAD equilibrium as a means to eventually overcome the Mullahs in mush the same way as Communism has a fundamental flaw. Assuming, arguendo, that the Marshall Plan was at the core of Communism's demise, a key distinction here is the religious aspect of the Mullah's, and the promise, not just of power, equality, or outright proletariat revenge, as with the Communist uprisings, but of eternal salvation under God. Muhammed's greatness in the Muslim faith was not just for his preachings, but for his unification of the Muslim people and achievement of peace through victory in battle. He reunited the "Nation of Islam", from tiny little states and tribes as exist today, in the war against Meccha. If we stay out of this quagmire in a state of equilibrium, short of supporting Israel's reasonable needs for sovereignty and security (but not aggression themselves), I agree that the force of the Mullah's message may wane over time. But if we "meddle", as we did the cold war, we face not just political ideology, but religious fervor, which is something that American dollars may not overwhelm. Again, this all comes to oil, and those little enviro issues you have disregarded may come to roost. Alternative energy technology is there. If we make the transition, we begin to obviate our own need to be immersed in the Muslim world. However, the decision makers on this mess, oil millionaires, were crafting a plan before this happened to pull us further into the oil quagmire. And the only true statesman and diplomat among the bunch, Mr. Powell, has been relegated to a back seat position because, though conservative, his approach to the world represents practicality rather than big business. A final note - If this escalates, what are the chances that George P. Bush, son of Jeb, will sign up for the air national guard, given the fact that now, unlike Vietnam, national defense may actually play a role here?? Perhaps he'll get a gig protecting Guam?!? Danny (Son) -----Original Message----- From: Daniel E. Teodoru [SMTP:deteodoru@yahoo.com] Sent: Sunday, October 14, 2001 2:54 AM To: Daniel Teodoru Subject: "Nuke 'em Dan" vs. binLaden Dear Friends, I write to you again out of concern that I might be misread as "nuke 'em Dan." While I indeed sought to bring us all to consider our REAL power, our nuclear power, as a factor in the equasion, delivered by our irresistable ICBMs, it was in the full expectation that the credible threat that we present to end our vulnerability to destruction by suicidal terror would bring the terror to an end. Medicine asks all physicians before acting to ask themselves: am I improving the situation with my intervention or might I be doing harm? As a medical student one gets the illusion that medicine is a great battle between doctor and disease. But the practice of medicine puts before the physician another dimension: the limitless suffering that is inflicted on man by disease. Most of the time, pathology is beyond our control; paliative treatment of suffering is all we can do. Once that is appreciated, one from then on forward invariable asks if his/her intervention will ameliorate or enhance that botomless suffering. Hence, the dictum: above all do no harm. This dictum puts the physician before a most vexing dilema, as often the prolongation of life is a tradeoff with enhancement of suffering. To avoid this disabling dilema, physicians follow standard process algorithms and leave the rest to the patient's will. President Bush would have been well served to consider that dilema. As the voice of the people, he must meet the common man's three post-Sept 11th demands: (a) get even; (b) end the insecurity; (c) return things to where they were on Sept. 10th. In essence, the President is asked by the people to "cure" them of this disease, of A SENSE OF TERROR, from which they suffer and under whose influence they cannot function. This means that he must act. My first correspondence to you came last Saturday when I was made aware that the President had chosen to act. I felt that no action on his part could achieve his people's three demands. To these plebian considerations, he also had to integrate the demands of all the patrician interests that characterize the Republican Party. While the paralyzing impact of terror makes action necessary, the target is ultimately the lands from which eminates the bulk of the feul that runs the West. And, so the President must consider the three demands of the freightened and angered masses along with the limitations imposed by grander practical factors. Mr. Bush must also face the fact that none of our "allies" were hit as we were. Therefore, to join our coalition is to invite a threat that is not only unmanagable but would not exist for them if these nation broke with the Americans. Bin Laden has passsed the word that those Western states that keep clear of our Grand Alliance will be spared. How could a government, therefore, justify to its citizens that it has brought on them terrorism with which it cannot cope only in order to assist the only target of the terrorism, America. Then there are the Moslem states. Fragmented most skillfully by the European colonialists for about a century, so that they were powerless, subserviance to the West has now come to be seen as the greatest sin to illegitamizes a regime. Besides that, this terror campaign has been declared a "Jihad," a holy war. On would thus be betraying God and man by joining the Grand Alliance. As a result, Moslem states have followed a comical process of being in and out at the same time, actively assisting one side and then the other, so that, in sum, their contribution has to be counterproductive from our point of view, lest they be seen as-- more than traitors-- vile sinners. In sum then, the United States is alone. And-- until failure mixes with the cost in treasure and blood-- united. But as costs rise-- Vietnam is an example-- the finger of guilt will point every-which-way and domestic squables will dictate military policy. One cannot help but wonder, in light of the forboding precedence of defeat, if Mr. Bush has considered the dictum: above all do no harm. In other words, has he weighed the advantages and disadvantages of action as opposed to inaction? Please consider as the essential element of my position the view that if we do NOTHING about Sept 11th; that, I believe, will enhance the credibility of our threat that should another major terrorist incident occur we will pulverize with nucleat-tipped ICBMs the locations where the Mullahs can be found. Our threat should be limited to incidents in the United States. All other acts against US instalations abroad should be met through the action of an international consortium whose objective it is to cut-off the Mullahs' "hands" with which they commit terror (such as bin Laden's organization-- one of several). Thus, bin Laden's fate is sealed, no matter what else happens. But there are better ways of getting this desert rat than with the top of the line of our forces. We cannot let others think that the best of what we have was needed to destroy the best of what they have. Better defence of our installations in coordination with our Grand Alliance would serve better the elimination of terrorism's "middle management." Failled efforts may school them well for the next time. But if we turn these into major embarassments as our superior covert operations achieve a high standard of competence under diplomatic support, success will be assured and the number of willing "martyrs" will decrease. But in such cases we must work slowly, steadily and quietly. Unfortunately, a very important secret is out. We can ONLY function as an open society and, therefore, cannot do for our instalations in-country what we can do for those abroad. Our vulnerability assures that dramatic assaults on our foreign instalations will serve as training tools rather than ultimate goals. So long as the Muslim War against the "Great Satan" continues, if we do nothing, America is the prime target. Our defencelessness insures that. It is almost comical how the sending of antrhax by mail can so disrupt American society. One can only imagine what awaits us when we are under viral attack. It takes many bacteria (which are living organisms and therefore tend to perish before they infect) to make people deathly sick. It only takes one virus (and since it is not a living organism it can survive under harsh circumstances) and for viruses there are no antibiotics. I also cringe in shame at how the turning of civilian aircraft into guided misilles is considered such a sohisticated operation-- just so as not to expose how wrecklessly unprepared were, AND ARE, the airlines. Stupid mistakes on the terrorists' part have been eiminated by on the job learning. We can only expect truly more sophisticated operations from here on in. This raises the question of whether Mr. Bushe's neither/nor response, above all, does no harm. We as a nation have suffered enough. If we deem whatever comes next to be terrorism's response to our air assault on Afghanistan, Mr. Bush will be held personally responsible. What then befalls him is nothing compared to the weakness that befalls the nation once this all becomes a political football. With mid-term elections one year away, one can easily forsee a terror-politics coordination to render America even more helpless than now, possibly pleading with the terrorists for "negotiations," as was done in 1968 after a major offensive in Vietnam. Time is NOT on our side. So what can we do? Let us recall that some two decades ago Khomeini sought to unite the Moslem World in a religious purge of itself. From our point of view, that meant to learn to live not wanting the global modernity we were offering. Previously, secular Pan-Arabism had its heroes. And their demise did cause some aggitation. But secular nationalism suffered from a self-limitation that never created a problem in the Middle East which we could not manage. Our insurmountable troubles began when the Moslem Youth was sought after in a religious crusade. I strongly recommend reading Ofira Seliktar's FAILING THE CRYSTAL BALL TEST (2000) for an analysis of America's inability to confront the two steps assault of the Mullahs: redemtion of the faithful and attack on the Great Satan. Had any in our Government been less cynical, they would have seen the parallel between the moblization of Moslem youths, irrespective of sects or nationality, into a sort of Moslems sans frontieres, and the moblilization of Polish youth against the Soviets. Pope Paul, like Khomeini, called on them to sacrifice for faith instead of material things. Yet, we honored one and besmerched the other. In both cases secular states were helpless. The symbols of faith came to mean more than the sufffering inflicted by the state. Concequently, the resistance could not be quelled. As we go after bin Laden, we refuse to recall the Polish CP's lack of sucess killing by his Catholic counterparts. The more such priests died, the more youths came to sacrifice security and to face sufffering. The trouble with action is that if you undershoot, you lose miserably. It is very much like trying to kill a snake by stomping on its middle; you leave yourself vulnerable to its poisonous fangs. That is why I feel that we have no choise but to threaten the head. And, should our threat succeed, we have no choise but to co-exist with the Mullahs in the Muslim world. Just as JFK threatened the Soviets in the past (I thank Dolf Droge for the very interesting case-example)we must make clear that we hold them, the Mullahs, responsible should another major incident occur and will "nuke" them. In that way, we live under the threat of their irresistable power to terrorize the United States and they live under the threat of our irresistable power to wipe them and all their "holy sites" (I thank Mr. Phillip Karber for that consideration as an alternative to Teharan and Baggdad) off the face of the earth. We then live back in the MAD-- mutually assured destruction-- of the Cold War, as we did with the Soviets. And, we can hope that the Moslem peoples will, like the peoples of the Red Bloc, reverse this system, moving history backwards to Medieval times. The Taliban and the Mullahs are a Moslem World solution to Moslem World problems. It is their world and we must not interfere. Economic need on both sides will insure state-to-state accords and diplomacy. We have prevailed over Communism while dealing with them both in terms of cooperation and MAD; we must now prevail over the "martyrs for Allah" and the Mullahs; until then we must coexist in the same way. This can only be done, as in the Cold War, through credible deterrence. And yet, we cannot forget that our Cold War credibility would not have existed without our demonstrations at Hiroshima and Nagasaki. We might, therefore-- and by God I pray we don't-- be forced to demonstrate the power and feasability of our unique nuclear capablility. That may also serve to educate other potential threats. Our goal should be to insure the impenetrability of the continental United States. That's as much as we have been able to hope for since WWII. For the rest, it will continue to be a complex mix of diplomacy, trade and force for the forseable future. Above all we must recognize that in defending our shores we have no allies. We can only have allies on common interests. Our enemy is not drawable on organizational charts as was the Communist Bloc. The cells are loosesly bound and unbound and rebound based on the fascilitations of the Mullahs. We cannot change that now. That takes time and effort and lots of ups and downs. All we can do now is deter by convincing that to AGAIN attack the US means death. The rest, well, that's what we've got generals and diplomats for. Daniel E. Teodoru
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