The
outstanding role of Pridi has not only gained his
national recognition as statesman who safeguarded
his country, but also made him known
internationally as a world peace-maker.
In his European
trip during his tenure of office as Minister of
the Interior (1935-1936), Pridi sought the
conversion of the loans contracted by the King
Rama VI government. At the same time, he also
approached various governments to amend the
unequal treaties. He foresaw then that World War
was imminent and would have greater impacts on
Siam than the first World War. Once he returned
to Siam, Pridi prepared for the worsening of the
World development. First, he indulged in the
royal proclamation of Neutrality in 1939 whereby
all government officials, Thai nationals and all
people residing in Siam should strictly and
faithfully observe neutrality.
When Pridi was
Minister of Finance, he produced a film entitled
"the King and the White Elephant" based
on historical novel which he wrote himself in
English. The cast were lecturers and students of
Thammasat University, It was the first Thai film
with English sound track ever produced. Pridi
wanted to convey his conception of
"Peace" among the educated and the
international audience by demonstrating the clear
stand of Buddhist teaching that there is no
happiness which is greater than peace.
Furthermore, he sent signal that the Siamese were
ready to fight gallantly a war of aggression.
As soon as the
Japanese armed forces invaded Thailand, Pridi
showed his principal stand by leading the
clandestine resistance movement while the Thai
military dictators sided with the Japanese by
declaring war on Great Britain and the U.S.A. in
violating of the 1939 Royal Decree on Neutrality.
Pridi as Regent
rallied all Thais both at home and abroad from
members of the Royal family, military officers,
police, civil servants, civilians, students
intellectuals, workers and farmers to extend
cooperation to the allies under a Free Thai
Movement to end the war. Eventually the allies,
the US government in particular, recognized Pridi
as the rightful representative of the Thai
government before Prime Minister Pibulsonggram
sided with Japan after the invasion. The allies
considered Thailand as independent state under
the occupation of Japanese armed forces.
The main task of
the Free Thai Movement was to extend assistance
to the allies by gathering intelligence reports,
help the allies captive soldiers and most
important of all is to recruit Thai patriots as
underground fighters against the occupying forces
under the strategic plan of the allied forces in
Southeast Asia.
The day when the
Japanese surrendered to the allies, the British
Foreign office allowed Admiral Lord Louis
Mountbattan, Supreme Commander of the Allied
Foces in Southeast Asia, to make a personal
suggestion to "Ruth" (pseudonym of
Pridi, leader of Free Thai Movement) that
Thailand should, immediately soon after, nullify
the declaration of war against Great Britain and
the U.S.A.
As soon as Pridi
received the message form Lord Louis Mountbattan,
he proclaimed peace on 16 August 1945 in his
capacity as Regent of King Rama VIII. The essence
of the proclamation was to reaffirm that the
declaration of war against the U.S.A. and Great
Britain by the Pubulsonggram government was null
and void and had no binding with the Thai people
who were ready to cooperate with the United
Nations for world peace and stability.
During his tenure
of office as Prime Minister after the end of the
second World War, Pridi was able to negotiate
with the allies so that Thailand unlike other,
would not have to be occupied paving the way to
become member of the United Nations.
In recognition of
his multifarious service to the country in most
intricate time, King Anand Mahidol most
graciously appointed him as Senior Statesman of
the realm.
In the final year
before he lost power, Pridi began a fresh step in
the international arena He pointed out that
although the second World War had ended,
countries in Southeast Asia remained under
control of western power: Cambodia, Laos and
Vietnam under the French; Burma, Malaya and
Singapore under the British; Indonesia under
Dutch and even the Philippines was looked after
by the U.S.A.
The nationalists
and peoples at these neighbouring countries all
campaigned for their independence. Pridi firmly
believed it was the right of small nations to
cooperate in the negotiation with the majors
powers. He proposed to the French to cooperate
with Thailand in establishing the Union of
Southeast Asia which would comprise Laos,
Cambodia, Vietnam, and Thailand. He believed that
Burma, Malaya, the Philippines and Indonesia
would subsequently join. However, the French
government rejected the idea, Pridi nonetheless
did not abandon the idea. He went on to set up
"the league of Southeast Asia" in
September 1947 as a forum for coordination among
nationalists to increase their bargaining power
against the major powers towards peaceful means
to achieve independence.
Unfortunately,
such initiative at an international level lasted
for only a few months. A group of military
officers seized power from the democratic
government. Although Pridi was not Prime Minister
at that time, he was clearly the main target of
the coup compelling him to fled Thailand on 8
November 1947.
It was unfortunate
that the idea of the "League of Southeast
Asia" had to be abandoned. If such an idea
were to be realized, and the major power were to
agree to allow the peoples in the region to
exercise their right of self determination, at
least the Indochinese problem would have been
resolved peacefully. Bloodshed would have been
less in the Korean, Vietnam and Cambodian wars.
Since 1947, Pridi
has permanently left the scene of Thai politics.
During the time he took asylum in foreign
countries, he was still enthusiastic in
expressing his thoughts about political
development in Thailand and international
politics. In his numerous speeches, articles and
books, he expresssed his thoughts about
democracy, human rights, and peace against both
leftist and rightist dictators. He opposed the
invention and the building up of nuclear weapons.
He objected warfare in all forms. He warned the
Thai governments from time to time not to fair
victim of the war by proxy, to adhere strictly in
neutrality and peaceful co-existence.
Pridi Banomyong
died on 2 May 1983 in a suburb of Paris. He would
have been 100 years old on 11 May 2000.
Throughout his life,he was committed to serving
his country and the Thai people with all his
talents and ability, honesty, courage and
sacrifice, even at the risk of his own life. He
loyally served his Monarch and was graciously
accorded the rare distinction as Senior
Statesman. The House of Representatives
unanimously appointed him the sole regent until
the end of the second World War. Pridi led a
simple and frugal life. He had faith in Buddhism
the rule of law and humanitarian principle. He
practiced it in his private and public life for
peace and freedom among the people in the Nation.
Therefore, in order to...
- give due
recognition to the aforementioned
multifaceted activities and good deeds of
Mr. Pridi Banomyong
- express our
gratitude to the significant and
unbounded service to his people and his
country;
- set an
example for our youths to contribute
earnestly to welfare and development of
the society;
- appraise the
international community of the good deeds
that a Thai citizen had done so much for
this country and the world at large; and
- give deserved
praise and respect where it is due;
It is deemed
appropriate to hold a celebration activity to
commemorate the hundredth year of the birth of
Mr. Pridi Banomyong.
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