The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Salzburg was secularized in 1803 and its
territory - now styled Duchy of Salzburg - was annexed to the Habsburg
possessions in 1805.
After a brief French and Bavarian occupation (1809 - 1816) Habsburg rule was
restored.
Originally organized as a Kreis/District of Österreich ob der Enns, Salzburg
became a separate Kronland of the Austrian Monarchy in 1849, enjoying a
certain degree of selfgovernment after 1861.
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HEADS OF STATE
Dukes
Herzöge
House of Habsburg - Lothringen
(ruled since 1805, with a brief interruption 1809 - 1816)
1805 - 1918 The Emperors of Austria
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Landeshauptleute
1861 - 1872 Josef, Freiherr von Weiss
1872 - 1880 Hugo Raimund, Graf von Lamberg 1833 - 1884
1880 - 1890 Carl, Graf Choroinsky 1828 - 1897
1890 - 1897 Albert Schumacher, Ritter von Tännengau
1897 - 1902 Alois Winkler
1902 - 1909 Albert Schumacher, Ritter von Tännengau (2x)
1909 - 1918 Alois Winkler (2x)
AUSTRIAN LAND SALZBURG
In 1918 Habsburg rule came to an end and Salzburg became a Land of the new
Austrian Republic.
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After the annexation of Austria to Germany, Salzburg continued to exist as a
Land until 1939 when it was reorganized firstly as a Gau of the Ostmark and
later, in 1940, as a Reichsgau, directly subordinated to the German central
government.
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REPRESENTATIVE OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
Reichsstatthalter
1940 - 1941 Friedrich "Friedl" Rainer 1903 - 1947
1941 - 1945 Gustav Adolf Scheel 1907 - 1979
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CHIEF EXECUTIVES
Landeshauptleute
1938 Anton Wintersteiger 1900 - 1991
1938 - 1939 Friedrich "Friedl" Rainer* s.a.
Gauleiter(4)
1939 - 1941 Friedrich "Friedl" Rainer* s.a.
1941 - 1945 Gustav Adolf Scheel s.a.
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PARTY LEADERS
Gauleiter of the N.S.D.A.P. in Salzburg (4)
1934 - 1938 Anton Wintersteiger s.a.
1938 - 1941 Friedrich "Friedl" Rainer* s.a.
1941 - 1945 Gustav Adolf Scheel s.a.
(4) Until 1939 "Gauleiter" was only used for the regional
leader of the Party. Afterwards it was also used for
the chief executive.
AUSTRIAN LAND SALZBURG
In 1945, after the end of German rule, the land Salzburg was immediately
restored.
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