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Drew Hurley
Santa Fe Community College
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For Use With: Mooney, Knox and Schacht, Understanding Social Problems, West Publishing Co., 1997
The Social Meaning of Race and Ethnicity: A RACE is a category of people who are believed to share distinct characteristics that are deemed socially significant.
Hurley's Definition of Race: 'An athletic event of specific duration or distance.'
ETHNICITY
refers to a shared cultural heritage.
Consider:
The use of ethnic labels is often misleading. The term 'Hispanic' lumps together Puerto Ricans, Mexicans,
Cubans, and others from Latin American countries without regard to their ancestry.
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The Simpson-Yinger Model of Relations (1978)
Three Positive Outcomes
1. Assimilation
2. Cultural Pluralism
3. Minority Legal Protection
Three Negative Outcomes
4. Population Transfer
5. Subjugation
6. Extermination
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Other Patterns seen Globally:
Colonialism -- British Colonies
Genocide -- Nazi Holocaust
Slavery -- United States
Segregation -- United States
Assimilation -- Haiti
Pluralism -- Swiss
Amalgamation ( Intermarriage) -- Polynesia
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Race and Ethnic Relations Worldwide
Race and Ethnic Relations: An American Dilemma
The U.S. is becoming more culturally diverse. WASPs now comprise only 47.8% of the population; and the
proportion of minorities is increasing.
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In Focus: 270,000 legal immigrants enter the U.S. every Year. Most illegal immigration now comes from Asia. Middle class Americans fear that immigrants drive down the labor market and over-burden social services
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Symbolic Interactionist Perspective
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Stereotyping +
Scapegoating +
Projection =
Extreme Prejudice and Discrimination
Prejudice and Discrimination
Sources of Prejudice:
Cultural Transmission -- Stereotypes -- Media
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Prejudce | Yes | No |
Yes | Active Bigot -- Prejudiced Discriminator | Timid Bigot -- Prejudiced Nondiscriminator |
No | Fair-Weather Liberal -- Nonprejudiced Discriminator | All-Weather Liberal -- Nonprejudiced NonDiscriminator |
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Institutional Discrimination
Cultural Discrimination
Structural Discrimination
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Employment and Income Discrimination
Split Labor Market
High Rates of Unemployment
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Educational Discrimination
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In 1991 (last year data is available), Blacks were the most frequent victims of hate crimes -- 36% of the total, while AntiWhite crime comprised only 19% of the total.
Types of Hate Crimes: Thrill -- Defensive -- Mission
In a 1992 Newsweek poll, 51% of African Americans said they believed their quality of life
declined in the past 10 years.
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Strategies Designed to Reduce Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
Affirmative Action:
1. Programs for enrolling minorities in Higher Education and Professional Schools
2. Setting aside a percentage of contracts for minority and Female contractors
3. Imposition of quotas for minority and Female employment
Reverse Discrimination?
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Produced at Bits & Bytes Farm, 1997
Designed and Created by:
Drew Hurley
Santa Fe Community College
3000 NW 83rd Street
Gainesville, FL 32606
ClipArt provided by:
Imageline, Inc.
401 E. Main St., Suite 100
Richmond, VA 23219
Photos Provided by:
Black Star News Service
2121 Avenue of the Americas
Washington, DC 20111
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