Hurley
SYG 2000

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I. Social Groups
.....A.Groups, Categories and Crowds
..........1. Category
..........2. Aggregate
..........3. Crowd
...............a. Casul Crowd
...............b. Conventional Crowd
...............c. Expressive Crowd
...............d. Acting Crowd
.....B. Primary and Secondary Groups
..........1. Charles Horton Cooley:
...............a. The Primary Group is Morally Good
...............b. Secondary Groups are Instrumental
...........2. Primary and Secondary Group Comparisons
...............Quality.............Primary..............Secondary
..............Relationships..Personal........Goal Oriented
..............Duration........Long Term.......Variable/Short Term
..............Breadth........Involves Many.......Involves Few
......................................Activities...............Activities
..............Relations...An End to Itself.....A MEans to an End
..............Examples...Family, Friends......Co-Workers,
............................................................Political Organization

.....C. Group Leadership
..........1. 2 Leadership Roles
...............a. Intrumental Leadership
...............b. Expressive Leadership
..........2. 3 Leadership Styles
...............a. Authoritarian
...............b. Democractic
...............c. Laissez-Faire
.....D. Group Conformity
..........1. Soloman Asch's Research
..........2. Stanley Milgram's Research
..........3. Irving Janis' Research
...............a. Groupthink
...............b. The Risky Shift
.....E. Reference Groups
..........1. Samuel Stouffer's Research
..........2. Coming Of Age Ceremonies
.....F. Ingroup and Outgroups
..........1. Teams
..........2. Fraternities & Soroities
.....G. Group Size: Georg Simmel's Research
..........1. Dyad
..........2. Triad
..........3. Other Groups
.....H. Social Diversity:
..........1. Large groups turn inward.
..........2. Heterogeneous groups turn outward.
..........3. Social parity promotes contact.
..........4. Physical boundaries promote social boundaries.
.....I. Networks
..........1. People who know -- or know of us
..........2. Jobs
.....J. The Internet: Welcome to Cyberspace!

II. Formal Organizations
.....A. Types of Formal Orgainzations -- Amitai Etzioni
..........1. Utilitarian Organizations
..........2. Normative Organizations
..........3. Coercive Organizations
.....B. Bureaucracy -- Max Weber
..........1. Origins of Bureaucracy
..........2. Characteristics of Bureaucracies
...............a. Specialization
...............b. Hierarchy of Offices
...............c. Rules and Regulations
...............d. Technical Competence
...............e. Impersonality
................f. Formal, Written Communications
..........3. The Informal Side of Bureaucracy -- The Hawthorne Effect
..........4. Problems of Bureaucracies
...............a. Bureaucratic Alienation
...............b. Bureaucratic Ritualism
...............c. Bureaucratic Inertia
...............d. Bureaucracy's threat to Privacy
.....C. Oligarchy
..........1. Robert Michels' The Rule of the Many by the Few.
..........2. Parkinson's Law: Work Expands to Fill The Time Allow For Its Completion
..........3. The Peter Principle: Bureaucrats rise to their maximum level of incompetence
.....D. Gender Roles in Organizations
..........1. Rosabeth Moss Kanter: People are the greatest organizational resource
..........2. Hiring Policies
..........3. Promotion Policies
..........4. U.S. managers by Race, Sex, & Ethnicity
.....E. Humanizing Bureaucracy
..........1. Social Inclusiveness
..........2. Sharing Responsibility
..........3. Expanding Opportunities
.....F. Organization Environment [Factors External to an Organizatio that Affect Its Operations]:
..........1. Technology
..........2. Politics
..........3. Population Patterns
..........4. Economy
..........5. Other Organizations
.....G. The McDonaldization of Society
..........1. McDonald's Principles:
...............a. Efficiency
...............b. Calculability
...............c. Predictability
...............d. Control
..........2. Can Rationality be irrational?
.....H. Formal Organizations in Japan
..........1. Characteristics:
...............a. Hiring and Advancement
...............b. Lifetime Security
...............c. Holistic Involvement
...............d. Nonspecialized Training
...............e. Collective Decision Making
..........2. The Japanese Model: Will It Work in the U.S?
......I. Are large Organizations Threatening Personal Privacy?

III. Groups and Organizations in Global Perspective
.....A. Cultural Assimilation
.....B. Cultural Change

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