Hurley
SYG 2000

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I. Sex: A Biological Distinction
.....A. Primary Sex Characteristics
.....B. Secondary Sex Characteristics
.....C. Hermaphrodite - a person with a combination of male and female genitalia
.....D. Transexual - people who feel they are one sex when biologically they are the other

II. Sexual Orientation
.....A. Heterosexuality
.....B. Homosexuality
.....C. Pursuit of Gay Rights
.....D. Bisexuality
.....E. The Origins of Sexual Orientation

III. Gender: A Cultural Distinction
.....A. John Money's Unusal Case Study
.....B. Israeli Kibbutzim
.....C. Global Comparisons
.........1. Margaret Mead's South American Research
..............a. Arapesh
..............b. Mundugumor
..............c. Tchambuli
.........2. General Gustav Binger's Explorations in West Africa
..............a. Leone
..............b. Baule
.........3. Matriarchical Societies [Tchambuli, Leone & Baule]
.........4. George Murdock's research on Gender Roles: few roles are defined as
..............exclusively masculine or feminine
.....D. Patriarchy Breaking Down: A Report From Botswanna
.....E. Patriarchy and Sexism
.........1. Patriarchy
.........2. Matriarchy
.........3. Sexism
.........4. Cost of Sexism
.........5. Is Patriarchy Inevitable?
.....F. Sexist and Racist Stereotypes
.........Characteristic.......Women...........African Americans
.............Visible........Secondary Sex........Skin Color
........Distinction......Characteristic
.......Asserted.........Mentally inferior,......Mentally inferior,
..........innate..........irresponsible,...........irresponsible,
........inferiority.....unreliable, emotional..unreliable, pleasure
..................................................................seeking
......Proper place.. In the home; being...In their place; just
..............................treated like a lady........as they are
........Barriers........"Woman's work"........"Black occupations"
.............................No education, ...........No education,
.............................No politics..................No politics
........Control.......Assertive="Pushy".....Assertive="Uppity"
.......Strategy......ambitious="like men"..ambitious="like whites"
..........................Use Violence...............Use Violence

.....G. Traditional Notions of Gender Identity
.........Feminine Traits...............Masculine Traits
..........Submissive.......................Dominant
..........Dependent........................Independent
..........Unintelligent......................Intelligent
..........Incapable..........................Competent
..........Emotional.........................Rational
..........Receptive.........................Assertive
..........Intuitive.............................Analytical
..........Weak...............................Strong
..........Timid................................Brave
..........Content............................Ambitious
..........Passive............................Active
..........Cooperative.....................Competitive
..........Sensitive..........................Insensitive
..........Sex Object.......................Sexually Aggressive
..........Attractive Appearance.....Attractive Achievement

IV. Gender Socialization
.....A. Gender and the Family
..........1. Gender Roles
..........2. Female Infanticide
.....B. Gender and the Peer Group
.....C. Gender and Schooling
..........1. Authoritarian Patriarchy Institutionalized
..........2. Jesse Bernard: Carry Gender into Sociology
.....D. Gender and the Mass Media
.....E. Gender and Adult Socialization
..........1. Female as secondary status
..........2. Masculinity as Contest

V. Gender Stratification
.....A. Working Men and Women
.....B. Gender and Occupations
.....C. "Old Boy" Networks
.....D. Jobs with Highest Percentage of Women
.........Occupation...............# Women...............Percent
.........Dental Hygienist............97,000.................100%
.........Secretary.................3,397,000...................98.9%
........Child Provider..............428,000...................98.7%
........Pre/Kindergarten.
.............Teachers................496,000...................98.1%
.......Childcare worker..........286,000...................97.3%
.......Dental Assistant...........188,000...................96.6%
.......Receptionist.................931,000...................96.4%
.......Early Childood Ast.......416,000....................96.4%
.......Cleaner/Servant...........500,000....................95.8%
.......Dressmaker...................82,000....................95.8%
.......L Practical Nurse.........402,000....................94.6%
.......Typist...........................466,000....................94.3%

.....E. Housework: Women's 'Second Shift'
..........1. Dual Career Families -- Housework
................a. Her: +26hrs/wk
................b. Him: +11hrs/wk
..........2. Sinlge Family Income -- Housework
................a. Her: 70hrs/wk
................b. Him: +4hrs/wk

VI. Gender, Income, and Wealth
.....A. Causes of Gender Based Income Inequality
.....B. Inequality of Wealth
.....C. 1994 Earnings of Full-Time US Workers
..........Occupation.............Men.........Women.......W/M %
..........Executives............42,722.......28,876.........68%
..........Professionals.......45,136.......31,906.........71%
..........Technicians.........35,048.......26,324..........75%
..........Sales...................32,327.......18,743..........58%
..........Precision Work ..27,653.......21,357..........77%
..........Clerical Work......26,746.......20,683..........77%
..........Transportation.....26,532......19,652..........74%
..........Machine Optor.....23,378......15,379...........66%
..........Service Work.......20,860......13,126..........63%
..........Farm Work..........15,655......10,581..........68%

..........Average...............30,407.......21,747.........72%

.....D. Gender and Education
.....E. Gender and Politics
.....F. Minority Women
.....G. Are Women A Minority?
.....H. Violence Against Women
...........1. 1993: 1,320 Women murdered & 4 million+ beaten
...........2. Sexual harassment
...........3. Pornography -- Erotica vs. violent exploitation

VII. Theoretical Analysis of Gender
.....A. Structural-Functional Analysis
...........1. Talcott Parsons: Complementary Roles
...........2. Criticism: Unrealistic
.....B. Social-Conflict Analysis
...........1. Friedrich Engels: Gender and Class
...........2. Criticism: Inconsistent
.....C. Feminism
..........1. Basic Ideals:
................a. Importance of Change
................b. Expanding Choice
................c. End Gender Stratification
................d. End Sexual Violence
................e. Promote Autonomy
..........2. Variations Within Feminism
...............a. Liberal Feminism
...............b. Socialist Feminism
...............c. Radical Feminism
..........3. The Global Impact of Women
..........4. Opposition to Feminism
.....D. Men's Rights! Are Men Really So Privileged?

VIII. Looking Ahead: Gender In The 21st Century

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