REMARKS:
SYNOPSIS: The Vought F8 "Crusader" saw action early in U.S. involvement in
Southeast Asia. Its fighter models participated both in the first Gulf of
Tonkin
reprisal in August 1964 and in the myriad attacks against North Vietnam
during
Operation Rolling Thunder. The Crusader was used exclusively by the Navy
and
Marine air wings (although there is one U.S. Air Force pilot reported shot
down
on an F8) and represented half or more of the carrier fighters in the Gulf
of
Tonkin during the first four years of the war. The aircraft was credited
with
nearly 53% of MiG kills in Vietnam.
The most frequently used fighter versions of the Crusader in Vietnam were
the
C,
D, and E models although the H and J were also used. The Charlie carried
only
Sidewinders on fuselage racks, and were assigned such missions as CAP
(Combat
Air Patrol), flying at higher altitudes. The Echo model had a heavier
reinforced
wing able to carry extra Sidewinders or bombs, and were used to attack
ground
targets, giving it increased vulnerability. The Echo version launched with
less
fuel, to accommodate the larger bomb store, and frequently arrived back at
ship
low on fuel. The RF models were equipped for photo reconnaissance.
The combat attrition rate of the Crusader was comparable to similar
fighters.
Between 1964 to 1972, eighty-three Crusaders were either lost or destroyed
by
enemy fire. Another 109 required major rebuilding. 145 Crusader pilots were
recovered; 57 were not. Twenty of these pilots were captured and released.
The
other 43 remained missing at the end of the war.
Capt. Harold J. Hellbach was the pilot of an F8E. On May 19, 1967,
Hellbach's
aircraft crashed near the city of Vinh Linh in Quang Binh Province in South
Vietnam. Little hope was held that Hellbach survived, and he was declared
Killed/Body Not Recovered. Defense Department records list Hellbach's loss
as
hostile, so it is presumed that it was related to a combat mission.
Since the war ended, nearly 10,000 reports relating to Americans missing,
prisoner or unaccounted for in Southeast Asia have been received by the
U.S.
Government. Many authorities who have examined this largely classified
information are convinced that hundreds of Americans are still held captive
today.
Fighter pilots in Vietnam were called upon to fly in many dangerous
circumstances, and were prepared to be wounded, killed, or captured. It
probably
never occurred to them that they could be abandoned by the country they
proudly
served.
"All Biographical and loss information on POWs provided by Operation Just
Cause have been supplied by Chuck and Mary Schantag of POWNET.
Please
check
with POWNET regularly for
updates."