A n i m
a l W r i t e s © sm
The
official ANIMAL RIGHTS ONLINE newsletter
Publisher ~ EnglandGal@aol.com
Issue # 01/28/01
Editor ~ JJswans@aol.com
Journalists ~ Park StRanger@aol.com
~
MicheleARivera@aol.com
~ SavingLife@aol.com
THE EIGHT ARTICLES IN THIS ISSUE ARE:
1 ~ An Emotion Filled Call From The Wild
2 ~ The AVMA Supports Animal Abuse
3 ~ President Bush Working to Reverse Food Safety Rules
4 ~ Guidepost Magazine Recommendation
5 ~ TAPS For USMWD Pvt. ROBBY, W005 USMC
6 ~ Free Booklets
7 ~ Dog Haiku
8 ~ Quote To Remember
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An Emotion Filled Call From The
Wild
By Tim Friend, USA TODAY
http://www.usatoday.com/life/dcovwed.htm
Contributed by Marc Bekoff - bekoffm@spot.colorado.edu
Warning:
The following story is about behavior in animals that strongly resembles
emotional behavior in humans, and it contains statements that may be offensive
to some members of the human race. First potentially offensive statement: It's
OK for scientists to describe animal behavior in human terms. That's according
to Marc Bekoff, editor of a book titled The Smile of a Dolphin: Remarkable
Accounts of Animal Emotions (Discovery Books, $35).
The book is a collection of essays about animals written by more than 50 animal
behavior scientists. Their observations are the sort they normally would only
tell a friend privately over a beer; reading the book is like pulling a chair
up to the table to listen in. The issue here is anthropomorphism - the ascribing
of human characteristics to non-human things, such as animals or pieces of
wood. Scientists take a dim view of anthropomorphism. An animal behavior
researcher (they're called ethologists) would no more tell a scientific
audience that a dog is happy than you would say a stick is happy. For the
ethologist, the "A" word is taboo. Dirty. Nasty. Ethologists have a
somewhat derogatory term for non-scientists who because of their lack of
education and scientific discipline anthropomorphize animals. They call such
people "pet owners." In The Smile of a Dolphin, however, the
"A" word is employed with apologetic abundance as ethologists,
including Bernd Wrsig (ravens), John Fentress (wolves) and Richard Wrangham
(primates) reveal their private anthropomorphic moments.
Perhaps it was safety in numbers that provided the courage for the ethologists
to make this mass confession. Or maybe the time has arrived to acknowledge that
animals are more complex emotionally and cognitively than scientific-minded
humans have given them credit for over the past several centuries, says Bekoff,
who has studied animal play behavior for 30 years at the University of Colorado
at Boulder.
"It has made me feel good that people who have the book are saying, 'Wow,
it's about time scientists came out of the closet,'" says Bekoff, who has
an agenda with the book: "If more scientists and more members of the
public learn that animals have rich, emotional lives, then perhaps society will
do more to find alternatives to animals for biomedical research."
Bekoff says that animals experience human-type emotions when caged and used in
invasive experiments; ignoring those emotions helps justify experiments he
considers cruel and unethical. Most scientists, however, are
uncomfortable mixing political agendas with science. Bennet Galef of McMaster
University in Hamilton, Ontario, says scientists must be careful that
scientific truths and, more important, uncertainties are not twisted to further
a particular agenda. Galef is the reigning king curmudgeon of ethology.
His expertise is in animal culture, or the lack of evidence for it. When it comes to emotions, he doesn't
believe a book full of anecdotes is proof of anything. "I personally
believe that animals do have emotional states, but our job as scientists is not
to know it, it is to show it," Galef says. "Science is a game I play, and it has certain rules. The
rule isn't to look at a dog and say that he is happy. I don't find Marc
Bekoff's way logically satisfying."
But part of the power of Bekoff's book is that he lets other scientists tell
stories to bolster the notion that animals do experience emotions. True,
there is no scientific proof in the traditional laboratory sense. Readers
of the book will have to settle for a non-scientific intuitive sense that
something rich and not so foreign to our human experience is going on in the
wild.
In the book, Christine Drea of Duke University describes the powerful
maternal-type bond she formed with a young male hyena she named Phoenix.
Drea cared for Phoenix from birth and raised him in her office at Duke.
Eventually, he was moved into a hyena enclosure and learned to socialize with
members of his own species. Even so, whenever Drea called his name, Phoenix
would issue all sorts of vocalizations associated with excitement and
affection. One time, he was in such a tizzy after having been beaten up
by an older, dominant female that he wouldn't let anyone examine him. But when
he heard Drea's voice, he let out a pitiful whine. Drea writes: "Before I
was even fully seated, he crawled into my lap (which he'd long since outgrown),
turned over on his back, stared up at me with bewildered eyes. . . . As I
consoled him and checked for cuts, he lowered his head, closed his eyes and
fell sound asleep. In scientific terms, he was a low-ranking hyena who had
suffered the stress and acute changes in circulating cortisol concentrations
brought on by social interactions with higher-ranking animals. In layman's
terms, he was merely a frightened hyena who needed comforting."
And that brings us to the No. 2 potentially offensive statement: Social
animals, those that invest a lot of time in rearing their young and form bonds
with other members of their species, experience emotions such as love, joy,
grief, shame, fear and frustration. Admittedly, there is confusion among
scientists about how to define emotions and whether animals have some means of
controlling emotions. Another question: If an animal appears happy or
sad, does it actually feel happy or sad? If it's impossible at times to know
what a fellow human is thinking, how can we figure out what an animal is
experiencing internally?
No one claims to have the answers, says Richard Wrangham of Harvard, author of
the 1997 book Demonic Males: Apes and the Origins of Human Violence . Wrangham
specializes in the study of aggression. He has conducted 30 years of field
observations of chimpanzees and also operates a full slate of laboratory
experiments to test hypotheses he develops in the field. Wrangham says that,
as a rule, animals can be quite aggressive when it comes to food. But he
relates a story that would indicate animals can employ restraint and deception.
He saw two chimpanzees eye an infant baboon in the care of its mother; the
mother was feeding on fruit in a tree.
Chimpanzees will kill and eat baby baboons. Wrangham watched the
chimpanzees inch steadily closer to the infant by behaving with remarkable
nonchalance for 25 minutes. Finally, when the chimpanzees were very close still
appearing to ignore the baboons they struck with lightning-quick ferocity and
took the infant from the mother.
The paranoia about being anthropomorphic about animal behavior was in full
display among a panel of ethologists at a recent meeting of the Smithsonian
Associates program in Washington, D.C. Wrangham and Fentress expressed
nervousness at speaking so openly about animal behavior in humanlike terms. The
paranoia harks back at least to the 17th century to Rene Descartes, the French
philosopher who helped develop the objective scientific method of study, which
remains the standard for scientific inquiry today. Descartes believed that
animals are the slaves of their emotions and lack any of the type of control
observed by Wrangham in the predatory chimpanzees. In Descartes' view, animals
are essentially machines that behave automatically and lack souls and because
they lack souls, they cannot feel pain. Descartes was instrumental in launching
the use of animals for scientific research.
In 1879, Charles Darwin published a book, On the Expression of Emotions in Man
and Animals. The book is not highly regarded by today's ethologists, but it was
a landmark because it stated that animals experience emotions. Darwin
believed emotions evolved in both animals and humans for the purpose of
furthering social bonds in group-living animals. No one paid much attention to
Darwin's book, and now, more than 100 years later, scientists are still arguing
whether animals feel sadness, happiness and even pain.
"The only difference between now and 1879 is that scientists today can say
dopamine," Galef says. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter involved in a
great many human emotional states. Bekoff says that the neuroanatomy and
neurochemistry of humans and other vertebrates are similar enough to hypothesize
that if dopamine makes a human feel good or happy, it is doing the same in a
dog or a rat. Many scientists now agree with Darwin that emotions evolved
to strengthen the bonds linking social animals. Studies are being conducted
that Bekoff says may one day provide the evidence to back up what seems obvious
to pet owners - that a dog's happy face is indeed saying, "Don't worry, be
happy."
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The American Veterinary Medical Association
Supports Animal Abuse
DOES
YOUR VETERINARIAN CARE ABOUT ANIMALS? Not if he or she follows the
guidelines and policies of the American Veterinary Medical Association!
You can check out the AVMA website listing all AVMA official policies at:
www.avma.org/care4pets/morewelf.htm#about
The
American Veterinary Medical Association has an Animal Welfare Committee which
is supposed to write animal welfare policies to protect animals from inhumane
treatment. However, the AVMA Animal Welfare Committee is made up of
pro-industry veterinarians who have far more interest in economics than the
humane treatment of animals.
The AVMA does not recognize the rights of any animal and has been a scathing
critic of anyone wishing to address the inherent needs of animals.
CAGED HENS
Consider the fact that the fast food giant MacDonalds required its suppliers to
enlarge the size of the hen's cage and to stop forced molting. However, the
AVMA still supports both forced molting and tiny cages.
The AVMA states, "Housing Layer Chickens in Cages: The current use of
cages to house layer chickens should be continued, and present knowledge is not
sufficient to support a radical change or ban of this system".
RODEO
Coca Cola has withdrawn its rodeo sponsorship after viewing graphic video
documentation of cruelty to animals in rodeo events. In addition, Coke
was supplied with an extensive record of injuries and deaths of rodeo animals
which has not been contested by any rodeo organization.
Coke also listened to expert opinion of what happens to rodeo animals according
to meat inspectors, as told by Dr. Peggy Larson and SHARK President Steve
Hindi.
Coke was extremely concerned about violence to rodeo animals and its effect on
children. The AVMA was presented with the same information and yet
continues to adamantly support rodeo.
WILDLIFE AND FERAL CATS
The AVMA does consider the steel-jaw leghold trap to be inhumane.
However, the wildlife veterinarian sitting on the AVMA Animal Welfare Committee
wants that policy changed to allow use of the steel-jawed leghold trap.
This is the same individual who advocated shooting feral cats as a solution to
reducing their numbers. What ever happened to "First, do no
harm"? Are lap cats and family dogs the only sentient animals?
Or is sentience only associated with paying customers? Unconscionable!
SPECTATOR EVENTS
The AVMA acknowledges that there are "spectator events involving animals
where injuries may occur. Nevertheless, the AVMA continues to support
these events, including Greyhound racing, the Iditarod, roadside animal parks
(notorious for their poor animal care), rodeo (five horses were killed in rodeo
events last year and the dead and injured bovines are not even counted), polo,
horse racing (a dirty business where horses are sometimes killed by
veterinarians for insurance money), cutting, reining, jumping and field
trials. The status quo "tradition" of beating up on animals in
the name of entertainment is morally and socially unacceptable. Why has
the AVMA failed to evolve with the rest of us? The Europeans recognize
that animals are sentient and is acting accordingly, but the AVMA disagrees and
does nothing.
The AVMA merely condemns the practice of "soring" horses but does not
consider it inhumane even though the federal government (USDA) considers this
practice in violation of the Animal Welfare Act. "Soring" is
deliberately causing pain in the front feet of Tennessee Walkers to make them
step higher.
POUND DOGS AND CATS and RESEARCH
Did you know that the AVMA supports the "Use of Random-Source Dogs and
Cats for Research, Testing, and Education?" According to its own
policy, "The AVMA believes that there is ample justification for the
prudent and humane use of random-source animals in veterinary medical education
and biomedical research." No pound dog or cat is safe from the AVMA!
The AVMA also supports the use of biologic specimens, cats, frogs and other
animals, in pre-college education. However, and with the help of the
Association of Veterinarians for Animal Rights, many educational institutions
are opting for non-animal specimens.
The AVMA "defends and promotes the use of animals in meaningful research,
testing and education programs". Education programs use either live
or dead animals as teaching aids.
FACTORY FARMING
The "AVMA commends livestock and poultry producers, animal scientists, and
veterinarians who have advanced the science of animal agriculture to the
benefit of animals and mankind." To this end, the AVMA supports the
confinement rearing of livestock and poultry."
The AVMA supports raising veal calves raised in tiny stalls and provided with
poor nutrition to make "white veal," pigs confined in crates, calves
fattened in feedlots where they are fed antibiotics as growth stimulants,
laying hens confined in tiny cages, and PMU farming where pregnant mares are
confined to small stalls for 6 months and their foals are sold to slaughter.
The evidence makes clear that:
If you care about animals and don't want them to continue to suffer, you must
contact the American Veterinary Medical Association. Let them know what
you think about their heartless and hopelessly outdated policies. Tell
them that condoning and promoting animal abuse is unacceptable and that the
AVMA must change their policies to protect animals, not harm them. Here
is the AVMA's contact information:
Bruce Little, DVM
AVMA Executive Vice President
1931 North Meacham Road, Suite 100
Schaumburg, IL 60173-4360
Phone 847-925-8070
Fax 847-925-1329
e-mail: blittle@avma.org
contirbuted by: SHARK (Showing Animals Respect and Kindness)
website: www.sharkonline.org
sharkintl@aol.com
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President Bush
Working to Reverse Food Safety Rules
News Release,
1/24/01 - Bush Working to Reverse Food Safety Rules
http://www.democrats.org/news/releases/rel012401.html
FOR
IMMEDIATE RELEASE
January 24, 2001 CONTACT: Rick Hess
(202) 863-8148
Washington, D.C. – Only three days into his new job as President and of the
United States, and George W. Bush is already rolling back health and safety
initiatives that are widely supported by Americans. The Washington Post
reported today that the new Bush Administration has wasted no time in
attempting to turn back the clock on safety standards that protect families
from potentially life-threatening contamination and food poisoning.
"Within only hours of taking office, Bush put potentially life-saving
safety rules on hold," DNC National Chair Joe Andrew said. "Whether
it's imposing new restrictions on women's right to choose or delaying new
health, safety and environmental initiatives, Americans are starting to ask
what happened to the 'compassionate' George W. Bush they saw on Inauguration
Day."
According to the Post, "The regulations called for more stringent testing
by plants producing hot dogs, ready-to-eat meats and cheeses to detect listeria
bacteria." According to the FDA, listeria causes 2,500 serious illnesses
and 500 deaths annually.
Andrew noted that Republicans in the Gingrich Congress also tried to undo the
nation's health and safety laws in 1995. "Bush is ripping a page from the
Gingrich playbook, when the former Speaker tried to reverse decades of
improvements in food safety during the 104th Congress," Andrew said. "Fortunately, President Clinton blocked
Republicans' attempt to weaken food safety standards. George W. Bush could put
the welfare of the public at risk by delaying these regulations," Andrew
said.
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Guidepost Magazine
Recommendation
from DPSickles@aol.com
Just
got the latest issue of Guideposts Magazine with feature cover story on Jane
Goodall, also stating they are starting a "New Series, Animals and
Healing: Arnie's Mission". As I said, I just got the magazine from
my Grandmother and have not yet read it, but it looks GREAT!
Features:
Page 20, "I carry hope with me. The renowned primatologist and
conservationist shares what inspires her in her work and in her life."
Page 32 "Animals and Healing, A New Guideposts Series. Arnie's
Mission. The first story in our new series on animals that bring
unforgettable healing to our lives."
Guideposts Magazine
"True Stories of Hope and Inspiration"
16 East 34th Street
New York NY 10016
Edward Grinnan, Editor-In-Chief
www.guideposts.com
Founders: Ruth Stafford Peale & Norman Vincent Peale
"Guideposts is a monthly inspirational, interfaith, nonprofit magazine
written by people from all walks of life. Its articles help guide readers
in achieving their maximum personal and spiritual potential."
The editors note on page 7, called "Our Unique Bond" written by
Edward Grinnan, talks about how his Labrador retriever can read his mind and
about Jane Goodall and Arnie as well. In the Goodall story, they give
website links and phone numbers for the Jane Goodall Institute, Dian Fossey
Gorilla Fund and Orangutan Foundation International. And again, on Page
65, in the magazines' Family Room section, they mention Goodall and Arnie and
how people can help.
They need to be swamped with lots of letters (especially snail mail) to
encourage them to keep doing this. The religious community has been
absent for years on animal issues. Maybe this mainstream magazine can
help awaken that giant?
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TAPS For USMWD Pvt. ROBBY, W005
USMC
from Georgiana/Richard Bishop - RBandGB@webtv.net
ROBBY
HAS GONE HOME - FRIDAY, JANUARY 19, 2001
As fireworks flew in our nation's capitol, eleven-year-old Robby, known to the
Dept. of Defense as "military working dog number W005," whose illness
and dedication to his handler incited a firestorm leading to the passage of the
first war dog retirement bill (HR 5314/Public Law 106-446), was being euthanized
at Lackland Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas, where he had been "under
evaluation" since October.
The decision by the Air Force was not totally unexpected. Still, it was a
very unpleasant surprise, both to Congressman Bartlett's office and to members
of the "Save Robby Campaign." Bartlett contacted the Secretary
of the Air Force, asking for a "stay of execution" until there was
conclusive evidence that Robby's medical condition was indeed beyond hope.
Meanwhile, Ms. Nicole Miller of the Congressman's staff contacted Save Robby
founding member, Dr. Bill Putney, DVM and sent him Robby's medical records. Ms.
Miller also contacted Tom Johnston, Chairman of the "Save Robby
Campaign," to see if there was any possibility of finding a home for Robby
should he be released from the military.
Beverly Gainer and Mary Thurston of Austin, Texas were contacted and a home was
found for Robby, conditional on Dr. Putney's decision after having reviewed
Robby's medical records and consulted with Colonel L.G. Carpenter, the
veterinarian at Lackland Air Force Base. After reviewing the records and
speaking with Colonel Carpenter, Dr. Putney said that Robby's arthritic
lesions on his spine had worsened to the point where he was in constant pain,
and the medications were no longer helping. The only way to keep Robby
from being in pain was to drug him to a comatose state. Considering this, we
agreed that it would be best to let Robby go.
The Save Robby Campaign had been in the middle of trying to get an update on
Robby's condition when it received news of the AF's plans for
euthanization. Initial requests from Congressman Bartlett's office for an
update on his physical condition after the holidays were rejected on the
grounds of national security. Then, late Thursday afternoon, the AF made
a sudden turnabout and agreed to fax Robby's latest health report to the
Congressman -- at the same time mentioning that he would be killed the next
morning.
Robby served his country and above and beyond the call of duty. Because of him,
thousands of compassionate citizens were moved to speak out on behalf of all
the war dogs. Because of Robby, we now have the first retirement law for war
dogs on the federal books.
But there remains much to be done. HR 5314 (Public Law 106-446) merely gives
the military the option of retirement, and judging by how they handled Robby's
situation, it seems they will resist implementing the law as long as they can
think they can get away with it. For years the Air Force knew Robby had a
progressive, deteriorating arthritic condition, and, with the signing of the
law in November, they could have released the dog to his handler to live out
his final months in a normal home. Instead they chose to keep him at Lackland
Air Force Base "for evaluation."
We bid farewell to Robby. His tour is done, his spirit is free. We, on the
other hand, will continue the fight for true freedom for all the other
"Robbies" who continue to serve (an estimated two hundred
"Robbies" are euthanized every year when they get too old to do their
jobs). Congressman Bartlett is equally determined to see the new
retirement law implemented.
We have already written to Colonel Carpenter and Congressman Bartlett to
request that the cremated remains of Robby and any other dogs that are
euthanized be released so they can be interred with honors in Hartsdale Pet
Cemetery, home to the first national war dog monument (dedicated in 1923),
where an annual memorial service complete with the Fallen Soldier Salute
is performed, this year on June 17 (Tom Johnston will be keynote speaker this
year).
To learn more about Hartsdale, see www.petcem.com
Many, many thanks to everybody who cared and spoke out on this important issue.
Without you, Robby would have been wiped from the annals of our nation's
history, just another anonymous, numbered piece of "equipment" who
served without complaint and then was disposed of like a junked jeep.
For continuing updates on the Robby Campaign, see
www.scoutdogpages.com
which
also has a direct link to the SAVE ROBBY website.
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Free Booklets
"Are
you disturbed by the suffering of animals in laboratories? Are you
troubled when you learn of animals being used in trauma studies or for testing
of household products? Are you troubled when you hear about the
collection and killings of animals for school dissection exercises?"
If you answered yes to any of these questions then The Humane Society of the
United States (HSUS) would like to give you a FREE copy (yes I said FREE copy)
of our "42 Ways to help animals in laboratories" booklet.
The "42 Ways..." booklet provides suggestions on getting active,
simple acts of kindness, educating yourself, getting the word out, educating the
educators, and taking direct action. The booklet also contains a wealth
of information about readings, on-line sources, and other tools you'll need to
be a positive advocate for animals.
So what are you waiting for? Hurry and email me your name and address and
I'll send you a free copy before they're all gone. One booklet per
customer please. If additional copies are needed please contact me.
Cheryl Ross
Research Assistant
Animal Research Issues
The Humane Society of the United States
phone: 301-258-3042
fax: 301-258-7760
www.hsus.org/programs/research
email - CRoss@hsus.org
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Dog Haiku
Anonymous
I lie belly-up
In the sunshine, happier than
You will ever be.
Today I sniffed
Many dog behinds -- I celebrate
By kissing your face.
I sound the alarm!
Paper boy -- come to kill us all
Look! Look! Look! Look! Look!
I sound the alarm!
Garbage man -- come to kill us all
Look! Look! Look! Look! Look!
How do I love thee?
The ways are as numberless as
My hairs on the rug.
My human is home!
I am so ecstatic I have
Made a puddle.
I Hate my choke chain
Look, world, they strangle me! Ack!
Ack! Ack! Ack! Ack! Ack!
Sleeping here, my chin
On your foot -- no greater bliss -- well,
Maybe catching rats
Look in my eyes and
Deny it. No human could
Love you as much as I do.
The cat is not all
Bad -- she fills the litter box
With tootsie rolls.
Dig under the fence -- why?
Because it is there. Because it's
There. Because it's there.
I am your best friend,
Now, always, and especially
When you are eating.
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Quote To Remember
"Why
would it be necessary for human beings to drink the milk of another mammal to
be healthy? A mother cow's milk is designed specifically for her calf;
likewise, a human mother's milk is designed specifically for a human
baby. Does the calf have to drink the human mother's milk to be
healthy? If not, then why should a human being drink the milk of a cow to
be healthy?
~ Jeffrey Brown
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Susan Roghair - EnglandGal@aol.com
Animal Rights Online
P O Box 7053
Tampa, Fl 33673-7053
http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/1395/
-=Animal Rights Online=-
&
Advisory Board Member, Animal Rights Network Inc.,
not-for-profit publisher of The Animals' Agenda Magazine
http://www.animalsagenda.org/
The Animals' Agenda Magazine: WebEdition
«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»
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