1. Barrow, Charles Kelley et.al.,The Forgotten Confederates: A Collection of Historical Accounts About Black Southerners in Gray, Atlanta, Southern Heritage Press, 1995.

2. Blackerby, H.C., Blacks in Blue and Gray: Afro-American Service in the Civil War, Tuscaloosa, AL, Portals Press, 1979.

3. Brewer, James H., The Confederate Negro: Virginia's Craftsmen and MilitaryLaborers, 1861-1865, Durham, NC, Duke University Press, 1969.

4. Durden, Robert, The Gray and the Black: The Confederate Debate on Emancipation, Baton Rouge, Louisiana State University Press, 1972.

5. Hollandsworth, James G., Jr., The Louisiana Native Guards: The Black Military Experience During the Civil War, Baton Rouge, Louisiana State University Press,1995.

6. Johnson, Michael P. and James L. Roark, Black Masters: A Free Family of Color in the Old South, New York, W.W. Norton, 1986.

7. Jordan, Ervin L., Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees in Civil War Virginia,Charlottesville, VA, University Press of Virginia, 1995.

8. Koger, Larry, Black Slaveowners: Free Black Slaveowners in South Carolina, 1790-1860, Columbia, University of South Carolina Press, 1994.

9. Rollins, Richard, et.al., Black Southerners in Gray: Essays on Afro-Americans in Confederate Armies, Murfreesboro, TN, Southern Heritage Press, 1994.

On Black Confederates, by Scott Williams

Black Confederate Heritage, by the Sons of Confederate Veterans

Black Confederates of Company F, 33rd Regiment of NCST

by Robert W. Hester

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