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Amenorrhea

-lack of menstruation

Types:

Primary amenorrhea

Secondary amenorrhea

-Menarche never occurred

Caused by:

-Genetic disorders
-Turners syndrome (XO)
-Congenital disorders of brain, pituitary, ovary or uterus

-Cessation of menstrual cycles after a period of regular cycles

Caused by:

CNS or pituitary tumours
-Prolactinoma most common
Inhibition of GnRH secretion
-Stress, excessive exercise, weight loss
Obstruction of outflow tract
-Leiomyoma (fibroid; benign tumour of myometrium)
-Asherman’s syndrome (scarring of uterine lining)

Treatment of Secondary amenorrhea:

Surgical resection of tumours
Education about stress reduction
Importance of healthy diet, exercise in moderation
OC therapy if not trying to conceive
osteoporosis prevention
Endocrine therapy
Bromocryptine to suppress prolactin
Stimulate gonadotrophin levels
Administration of gonadotrophins