--- Y KANT GoRAN RiTE? ---
[1961]

ACCATTONE
****

Italy
Pier Paolo Pasolini made this, his first film, when neo-realism was becoming unfashionable. So, he announced that his ultimate goal was an authenticity “beyond neo-realism.”
The gruesome squalor and harsh, mostly natural lighting will still seem familiar to anybody who ever saw “Rome, Open City” or “Bicycle Thieves”. But Pasolini does manage to set his picture apart from that cycle of films in that rather than a saintly, hopelessly downtrodden worker, his story is about an anguished, aimless pimp, who corrupts virgins and steals from his child. In a sense, Pasolini does ultimately achieve his goal by adding psychological realism to the otherwise well-worn neo-realist context. He doesn’t only blame the system, but the individual as well.
What further saves the picture from feeling redundant are the way he mixes a Bach score with the down-and-dirty aesthetic (which back in his day was still moderately original) as well as the little bits of lyricism he throws in now and then, which often last for only a moment and seem almost incidental (ordinary-looking shots often end up evolving into majestic compositions seemingly without any interference on the part of the makers, who want to make you believe that they’re merely following the action as it unfolds). These also serve as a lead-in to a climactic nightmare sequence that subscribes to the school of Luis Buñuel far more closely than it does to that of Vittorio De Sica. It’s more flowing, atmospheric, poignant and successfully dreamlike than just about any other dream sequence in cinema.
Not shockingly, the cast is made up of non-actors, few of whom display any inborn flair for drama. Tonino Delli Colli’s photography however, lends them an earthy kind of magnetism. He brings a sensuality to their faces, showcasing the way the light reflects on their worn, greasy skin and the stray bits of their frizzy, uncouth hair.
dir: Pier Paolo Pasolini
wr: Pier Paolo Pasolini, Sergio Citti
ph: Tonino Delli Colli
cast: Franco Citti, Franca Pasut, Silvana Corsini, Paola Guidi, Adriana Asti, Luciano Conti, Luciano Gonini, Renato Capogna

BREAKFAST AT TIFFANY'S
*****
USA
A NYC writer falls for an eccentric call girl.

The source novella is a classic and, although not necessarily faithful to it, this film adaptation is, too. Among the most charming, sophisticated and adorable romantic comedies of all, with an enchanting heroine.
dir: Blake Edwards
wr:
George Axelrod
ph:
Franz Planer
m:
Henry Mancini
cast:
Audrey Hepburn, George Peppard, Patricia Neal, Buddy Ebsen, Martin Balsam, John McGiver

CHRONICLE OF A SUMMER
***
½
France
A collaboration between ethnographer Jean Rouch and sociologist Edgar Morin, which is mostly made up of interviews with a selection of contemporary Parisians about their lifestyles, theories and emotional states. After the interviews, Rouch and Morin make the featured players watch their confessions on-screen and debate how authentic they were and how authentic they could possibly be when conscious that a camera is recording them.
The picture is part verité, part dialectic, part wankery. A few of the interviewees (among them, a concentration camp survivor) have moving stories to tell and the vast majority do manage to hold your interest. Rouch and Morin's use of the newly available lightweight 16mm camera and synchronous sound equipment (more mobile than any previous model) was pioneering.
dir: Jean Rouch, Edgar Morin

DAYS OF THRILLS AND LAUGHTER
****
USA
Probably the warmest and most consistently entertaining of the many many compilations of classic silent comedy sequences that popped up during this period.

EL CID
USA
**

USA
Historical epic. Charlton Heston.

THE HUSTLER
***
½
USA
A pool hustler goes up against an established champion.

An overlong pool-hall melodrama, though it is atmospheric and marked by the charismatic presence of a screen god in his signature role.
dir: Robert Rossen
cast:
Paul Newman, Jackie Gleason, Piper Laurie, George C. Scott, Myron McCormick

THE INNOCENTS
*****
UK
A sheltered spinster becomes governess in a secluded, possibly haunted mansion.

This ghost story is one of cinema's most innovative and influential horror films, even if next to no one knows about it today. An adaptation of Henry James' Freudian "The Turn of the Screw", it evokes a tragic back story and hints at a gallery of repressions. Ambiguous, atmospheric, intriguing and still quite frightening.
dir: Jack Clayton
wr:
William Archibald, Truman Capote
ph:
Freddie Francis
m:
Georges Auric
pd:
Wilfrid Shingleton
cast:
Deborah Kerr, Megs Jenkins, Pamela Franklin, Martin Stephens, Michael Redgrave, Peter Wyngarde

JUDGMENT AT NUREMBERG
***
USA
Nazi war criminals are held at trial in 1948 for crimes against humanity.

Each frame is practically bathed in self-importance, but the cast keeps things relatively watchable.
dir: Stanley Kramer
cast:
Spencer Tracy, Burt Lancaster, Maximilian Schell, Marlene Dietrich, Richard Widmark, Judy Garland, Montgomery Clift, William Shatner

LAST YEAR AT MARIENBAD
****
France/Italy
A man meets a woman he may or may not have fallen in love with in a town that may or may not have been Frederiksbad.

A unique and hypnotic cinematic puzzle without a solution or logic. A remarkable balancing act - an acquired taste, but a required viewing.
dir: Alain Resnais
wr:
Alain Robbe-Grillet
ph:
Sacha Vierny
m:
Francis Seyrig
cast:
Giorgio Albetrazzi, Delphine Seyrig, Sacha Pitoeff

LOLA
****
½
France
Jacques Demy’s debut, this romantic melodrama revolving around a Nantes cabaret performer and the three men who love her is the most naïvely charming thing to come out of the Nouvelle Vague. The visual style may be 1961 (Raoul Coutard was a busy man around this time), but the mindset is circa 1937.
  
It’s utterly contrived: lovers get stranded on exotic islands for seven years at a time, abandoned single mother strippers come with a heart of gold and a twinkle in their eye, sailors on shore leave fall in love and get heart-broken and fall in love again very very quickly, and every prominent character gets a chance to coincidentally run into or unwittingly walk past another prominent character.
  
But it’s open about its contrivances. Explanations and reconciliations are dealt with very speedily and innocently. And there is so much joy in it, so much love for movies that you can’t help but smile and weep along.
wr/dir: Jacques Demy
ph: Raoul Coutard
m: Michel Legrand
cast: Anouk Aimée, Marc Michel, Elina Labourdette, Alan Scott, Annie Duperoux, Jacques Harden, Margo Lion, Catherine Lutz

THE MISFITS
****
½
USA
A fragile divorcée gets involved with a trio of cowboys, who hunt down wild mustangs.
A mesmerizing hothouse melodrama in Western drag, with striking performances. It's all the more poignant for proving to be the final film for two of the screen's greatest legends (as well as the final truly decent film for a couple others).
dir: John Huston
wr:
Arthur Miller
cast:
Marilyn Monroe, Clark Gable, Montgomery Clift, Eli Wallach, Thelma Ritter

LA NOTTE
***
Italy/France
Michelangelo Antonioni was often able to come up with absorbing ideas and even to articulate them quite vividly, as he did in L'Avventura (1960). So in some way it's doubly frustrating when he veers into hollowness as he does in this, the second picture in his celebrated trilogy of bourgeois disenchantment. At the very least his visual style doesn't suffer - it's as sophisticated and finely tuned as his observations on the juiceless marriage of Marcello Mastroianni and Jeanne Moreau (each exquisitely coiffed and playing in auto-pilot) are not. After two hours of sharing in their photogenic ennui, you become as bored and disheartened as they have. But you can't muster up any sympathy for characters who bury their heads up their own asses and then turn around to agonise over not having come across a human connection.
dir: Michelangelo Antonioni
ph: Gianni Di Venanzo
cast: Marcello Mastroianni, Jeanne Moreau, Monica Vitti, Bernhard Wicki, Rosy Mazzacurati, Maria Pia Luzi

ONE-EYED JACKS
**
½
USA
A Western bandit seeks revenge on his former partner, now a sheriff.
Though the lensing is undeniably pretty, Brando's self-indulgence as director accentuates his lack of talent for storytelling.
dir: Marlon Brando
ph:
Charles Lang Jnr
cast:
Marlon Brando, Karl Malden, Katy Jurado, Pina Pellicer, Slim Pickens, Ben Johnson

ONE HUNDRED AND ONE DALMATIANS
***
½
USA
Cruella de Vil dognaps a whole heap of dalmatians to make a new coat.
Not among the company's true classics but wholly enjoyable. After this point, Disney animation began to deteriorate somewhat.
dir: Wolfgang Reitherman, Hamilton Luske, Clyde Geronimi
voices of:
Betty Lou Gerson, Rod Taylor, Lisa Davis, Ben Wright, Fred Warlock, J. Pat O'Malley

SPLENDOR IN THE GRASS
***
USA
A young small-time couple falls victim to sexual frustration in 20s Kansas.
Presumably frank and explicit under the Hollywood code of the day, and quite telling of social constraints both in the 20s and the 60s. As drama however, it comes off as bland and overwrought. For mysterious reasons, it remains popular with romantics.
dir: Elia Kazan
cast:
Natalie Wood, Warren Beatty, Pat Hingle, Audrey Christie, Barbara Loden, Zohra Lampert, Sandy Dennis, William Inge, Phyllis Diller

A TASTE OF HONEY
***
½
UK
A working-class teenager falls pregnant to a black sailor.
An intermittently involving slice-of-life drama from the period's stark kitchen-sink cycle, refreshingly non-self-conscious in its approach to taboo themes like teen pregnancy, interracial romance, sub-standard mothering and homosexuality.
dir: Tony Richardson
wr:
Shelagh Delaney, Tony Richardson
ph:
Walter Lassally
cast:
Rita Tushingham, Dora Bryan, Murray Melvin, Robert Stephens, Paul Danquah

THROUGH A GLASS DARKLY
***½
Sweden
The first chapter in a trilogy on godlessness, this deceptively serene-looking chamber piece proved a turning point in Ingmar Bergman's filmography. He abandoned his stark, bracing expressionism and took up the spare, subtle visual style that favoured natural-looking light and would go on to dominate his future work. And here he also began to finetune and concentrate on his uncanny, relentless knack for sneaking up and closing in on the nastier things gnawing at the heart of the human condition. Very soon after he would become much better at this sort of thing and he would shake off the clumsiness and artificiality that pop up to mar this examination of a writer who exploits his daughter's mental instability for material. But even though it lacks the innate tension and careful probing of Bergman's later, better work, there's enough here worth digesting; the performances are peerless and the compositions absorbing throughout.
wr/dir: Ingmar Bergman
ph: Sven Nykvist
cast: Harriet Andersson, Gunnar Björnstrand, Max Von Sydow, Lars Passgard

VICTIM
***
½
UK
An esteemed lawyer pursues a blackmailer, who threatens to reveal his homosexuality.
A daring thriller that was sympathetically seeking to reinvent on-screen homosexuality (previously portrayed as a form of fungus) into a wretched affliction that warrants pity for its victims. Badly dated now, but the call for tolerance - obviously quite progressive in its day - does contain bravery and an element of fascination.
dir: Basil Dearden
wr:
Janet Green, John McCormick
cast:
Dirk Bogarde, Sylvia Syms, Dennis Price, Anthony Nicholls, Peter Copley, Norman Bird, Peter McEnery

VIRIDIANA
*****

Spain
A novice nun is forced to live with her kinky uncle.
   A fierce, haunting attack on religion and just about all kinds of idealism, filled with witty and blasphemous imagery, blessed by the maker's Surrealist roots.
dir: Luis Buñuel
wr:
Luis Buñuel, Julio Alajandro
cast:
Silvia Pinal, Francisco Rabal, Fernando Rey, José Calvo, Margarita Lozano, José Manuel Martín, Victoria Zinny

WEST SIDE STORY
***
½
USA
Gang wars get in the way of young love.
Just another teen musical with wooden acting, except also with ten Oscars. That it's still quite absorbing has nothing to do with the creaky Romeo and Juliet melodramatics and everything to do with the thrilling, justly celebrated production numbers.
dir: Robert Wise, Jerome Robbins
cast:
Richard Beymer, Natalie Wood, Russ Tamblyn, Rita Moreno, George Chakiris

A WOMAN IS A WOMAN
***
*

France
Whoever felt Godard was pushing it with “Breathless” in 1960 would have felt he was completely obliterating it with this, his second-released picture, one year later.
   There is a slim plot - about a stripper whose boyfriend refuses to get her pregnant and who, instead, turns her attentions to his best friend – but it’s of little consequence. Godard’s principal interest here lies in toying with the (largely Hollywood-ordained) classical conventions and particularly screwing with his audience’s implicit willingness to suspend disbelief. He jumps at every chance to expose his picture’s reality as something that spectators are generally encouraged to forget it is: constructed.
   When a stripper is performing a number and you assume that the music is coming from inside the room, Godard removes the backing track and reveals his actress singing and dancing to silence. He even removes the background atmos-track half way through a later scene only to start it up again seconds later. When Anna Karina screws up a line, he has her start over without cutting. When Jean-Paul Belmondo (playing a character not coincidentally named Lubitsch) repeats a line from “Breathless” he has him turn to the camera with a goofy grin. He even has him announce at one point that he has to hurry home because “Breathless” is playing on TV.
   For the first twenty minutes, this kind of winking at the camera is incessant and you even grow impatient with Godard for a moment, before you settle into it and sense the joy and exuberance that is driving his picture at its core. There are several irresistibly cute bits such as the one where Karina and Jean-Claude Brialy stomp around with a lampshade over their head and communicate with each other via book titles.
wr/dir: Jean-Luc Godard
ph: Raoul Coutard
ed: Agnès Guillemot, Lila Herman
m: Michel Legrand
cast: Anna Karina, Jean-Claude Brialy, Jean-Paul Belmondo, Nicole Paquin, Marie Dubois, Marion Sarraut, Jeanne Moreau

YOJIMBO
****

Japan
Of Kurosawa's empty pictures this might be the best. It concerns a Samurai drifter who arrives at a town ruled by two rival gangs and chooses to take both sides. It's the prime source of inspiration for Sergio Leone's "A Fistful of Dollars" (1964) and many others. An Eastern Western that becomes a superbly crafted black comedy where everybody kills everybody.
dir: Akira Kurosawa
ph:
Kazuo Miyagawa
cast:
Toshiro Mifune, Eijiro Tono, Seizaburo Kawazu, Isuzu Yamada

 

YET TO SEE:

ANTIGONE (Javellas);
BLOOD AND ROSES (Vadim);
CHILDREN'S HOUR, THE (Wyler);
CLOUD-SHAPED STAR, THE (Ghatak);
COLD WIND IN AUGUST, A (Singer);
CONNECTION, THE (Clarke);
DIVORCE - ITALIAN STYLE (Germi);*
EARLY AUTUMN (Ozu);
FALL, THE (Nilsson);
FANNY (Logan);
FIVE DAY LOVER (De Broca);
GUNS OF NAVARONE, THE (Thompson);*
HUMAN CONDITION III, THE (Kobayashi);
IN SEARCH OF THE CASTAWAYS (Stevenson);
KING OF KINGS (Ray);*
LADIES MAN, THE (Lewis);
LOSS OF INNOCENCE (Gilbert);
LOVER COME BACK (Mann);*
MARK, THE (Green);
MY MOTHER AND HER GUEST (Shin);
ONE, TWO, THREE (Wilder);
PIGS AND BATTLESHIPS (Imamura);
PIT AND THE PENDULUM, THE (Corman);*
POSTO, IL (Olmi);
RAISIN IN THE SUN, A (Petrie);*
SUMMER AND SMOKE (Glenville);
TERMINUS (Schlesinger);
TWO DAUGHTERS (Ray);
TWO RODE TOGETHER (Ford);
UNDERWORLD USA (Fuller);
WHISTLE DOWN THE WIND (Forbes);*
WIFE CONFESSES, A (Masumura)


TOP 10 TO SEE:
CLEO FROM 5 TO 7*
UNDERWORLD USA*
ONE, TWO, THREE
THE CLOUD-SHAPED STAR
IL POSTO
THE CONNECTION
TWO DAUGHTERS
EARLY AUTUMN*
WHISTLE DOWN THE WIND*
FIVE DAY LOVER
THE PIT AND THE PENDULUM*
DIVORCE - ITALIAN STYLE*

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