Paint/Pinto
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Overo (Oh-vair-oh)- The body will be of any solid color, and may be predominately colored or white. The face is extensively marked and is always more than a blaze, usually bald or apron marked. White appears on the stomach or midline and works up and outward. Secondary patches begin on the neck. White will not cross the topline (back) from withers to tail except in cases of extreme white. White may cross the neck and mane in moderate cases. The tail is usually one color and all four legs are usually solid colored (Though normal markings such as stockings and socks are common, but the upper leg will be solid colored) but having one white leg and four colored legs is permissible. The edges of the markings are hard, crisp, and jagged. Blue eyes are common. Breeding a frame overo (one with colored markings surrounding white on the neck, stomach, and hips) with another frame overo or one carrying frame overo will result in lethal white foals.
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Sabino (Suh-bee-no)- Some call this pattern sabino roan, because it may have true roaning in the genetic makeup. If you have ever seen a Clydesdale you have seen a sabino as this is the most common pattern in that breed. The face usually has a normal but wide blaze, not bald or apron unless an extreme white case. Three or four legs with white stockings will occur with the white reaching far over the knee/hock in almost all cases. The stockings will be higher at the front. White starts at the belly and may have flecking or roaning around the edges, but doesn't have to. White will spread up and outward from the stomach and flank. Secondary white markings start on the neck. In extreme cases the white may encompass nearly the entire body except the topline and back. Roaning may or may not be present as a gene or as part of the pattern. The white stockings are the quickest way to tell a sabino from an overo. Blue eyes are rare but do occur in extreme cases. No lethalism has been associated with the sabino gene.
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Splash- Splash whites are the rarest paint pattern. The markings look as if the it has been dipped from the head down in white paint. The face is usually extensively marked being bald or apron. The white aprears crisp and hard edged. The color appears very similar in progression to a sabino, if you exclude the roaning. Stallions that are splash can sire splash, sabino, and overo foals. The easiest way to tell a sabino from a splash is the face, blazes are the maximum markings except in extreme cases as opposed to splashes who always have it. Blue eyes are very common. No lethalism has been found in this gene.
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Tobiano (To-bee-yah-no)- The head will be solid colored with normal markings such as a snip, blaze, star. It will never be bald or apron or have an extensive blaze so as to make it look bald or apron faced. All four legs will be solid white or have some degree of white markings below the hock/knee even if it's just a coronet, the white will still be there. Tobianos never have solid colored legs. The white appears to flow from the topline (back) down. White usually appears first on the withers and croup. If the hip or hindquarters are white the tail will usually be two toned, but not always. Markings are rounded, oval, and smooth looking, not jagged like an overo. In minimal markings there will often be only a small white spot on the top of the neck and four white legs. In mostly white markings the head will usually remain dark or colored and there will often be a spot on the flanks. Blue eyes are common in extreme white cases. There is no known cases of lethal white foals associated with the tobiano gene so breeding of homozygous to homozygous, homozygous to heterozygous, and heterozygous to heterozygous are all fine.
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Tovero (To-vair-oh)- The combined traits of the overo and the tobiano being present in the genetic makeup result in toveros about half of the time. Toveros will often look exactly like an overo but will have a bald or apron face, making them neither tobiano or overo, but tovero. Or it may look exactly like a tobiano but have two solid colored legs, making it a tovero as well. Markings may be so extensive that the only marking on a dark body is a white ear or on a white body being a dark marking on the ear. The possibilities for markings on a tovero are endless, but they possess both traits from tobiano and overo. Blue eyes are common.
Appaloosa
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Blanket- This is the most common of the appaloosa patterns. The body is solid colored, either light or dark. The face and legs are always normally marked, never bald/aproned like a paint or with leg markings that go over the knee/hock. White begins on the top of the hindquarters and may be very small and resemble webbing or a giraffe like pattern to very large and very extensive, almost leopard-like in extreme cases. The most common is a blanket that covers just the hips and hindquarters. The edges may be very smooth to very jagged with lots of ticking and freckling. Spots may be very few and very small to many large spots. The mane and tail will either be colored or white in extreme cases. This pattern should not be confused with leopard. The legs may have lightning marks which are white markings that do not connect to the hoof as a normal marking would and are below the knee/hock most of the time.
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Frost- The body is solid colored, either light or dark. The face and legs are always normally marked, never bald/aproned like a paint or with leg markings that go over the knee/hock. Frost spots are usually small white spots or patches of spots on other places of the body besides the top of the hips and hindquarters. There may be only a single spot or patch of spots or lots of patches and many single spots. Frost typically means irregular light spots, or light patches with spots on a dark background. The legs may have lightning marks which are white markings that do not connect to the hoof as a normal marking would and are below the knee/hock most of the time.
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Marble- Marble is also known as varnish roan. The face and legs are always normally marked, never bald/aproned like a paint or with leg markings that go over the knee/hock. It's basically roaning on what would normally be another colored appaloosa. The roaning or marble starts on the neck and hindquarters and spreads out and downward from there. Both light and dark spots may be present. The spots may be the same color as the roaning as well and blend in. In maximum cases the appaloosa will look like a roan with spots. The mane may either me light or dark. The legs may have lightning marks which are white markings that do not connect to the hoof as a normal marking would and are below the knee/hock most of the time.
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Leopard- The body is solid white or may have very little color on the ears, legs, muzzle or tail, but isn't marked enough to look like an extreme blanket. Color is based upon the color of a section of the mane or spot color, for example yellowish colored spots with a gold tint would make it a palomino leopard. Spots start on the neck and hindquarter. Leopards may have only a few spots or as many as hundreds. Spots may be regular or irregular shaped and may be large or small but should never be large enough to be called a patch.
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Snowcap- The body is solid colored. The face and legs are always normally marked, never bald/aproned like a paint or with leg markings that go over the knee/hock. White begins on the top of the hindquarters and may be very small and resemble webbing or a giraffe like pattern to very large and very extensive, almost leopard-like in extreme cases. The most common is a snowcap that covers just the hips and hindquarters but it may be very extensive. The edges may be very smooth to very jagged with lots of ticking and freckling. Snowcaps are basically spotless blankets. The legs may have lightning marks which are white markings that do not connect to the hoof as a normal marking would and are below the knee/hock most of the time.
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Snowflake- The body is solid colored. The face and legs are always normally marked, never bald/aproned like a paint or with leg markings that go over the knee/hock. What makes the markings look like 'snowflakes' is they are small rounded white spots. They may be different sizes and range in amounts from very few spots to hundreds. It may look like a reverse leopard but should never be confused with it. The legs may have lightning marks which are white markings that do not connect to the hoof as a normal marking would and are below the knee/hock most of the time.
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Pintaloosa- The body may be solid colored or marbled and may be a mixture of any accepted paint pattern and appaloosa pattern. The legs and face may have any of the accepted markings. The legs may have lightning marks which are white markings that do not connect to the hoof as a normal marking would and are below the knee/hock most of the time.