These mountains are composed of granitic rock and are extremely rugged. The sharp peaks, narrow ridges, talus slides and deep labyrinthine cañon are the most conspicuous features of the San Gabriel Mountains. Their cañon are evenly graded and in most cases have fair sized streams. Occasionally one finds small hillside marshes, but the lakes and large cienegas, which are important features in the neighboring San Bernardino and San Jacinto Mountains, are conspicuously lacking. There are a few rich moist slopes, but due, perhaps to the porous character of the soil, the majority of the ridges are very dry, even on their north slopes.

The sky line for the most of its length averages about 7000 feet altitude, but at the eastern end, on the Los Angeles-San Bernardino county line, it reaches a maximum altitude of 10,080 feet on the summit of Mt. San Antonio (or Old Baldy). This eastern section, a very natural subdivision of the San Gabriel Mountains, has been called the San Antonio Mountains. They can best be limited as that portion of the San Gabriel Mountains which lies east of the bed of the East Fork of San Gabriel River. The area, (1) thus defined, is triangular in shape and contains approximately 150 square miles. Mt. San Antonio, or Baldy as we shall call it hereafter, is of especial interest, for besides being the highest peak in the San Gabriel Mountains, it is one of the four peaks in Southern California, which ascends above the 10,000 foot contour. Connected to Baldy by pine clad ridges, which average over 7500 feet altitude, are a number of lesser peaks. These are, - Pine Mountain (alt. 9660 feet), Telegraph Peak (alt. 9008 feet), Cucamonga Peak (alt. 8911 feet), Ontario Peak (alt. 8752 feet) and Iron or Sheep Mountain (alt. 8028 feet).

The San Antonio Mountains have been explored by all the well known botanists of southern California. The first to visit the mountains was Mr. S.B. Parish, who ascended them in 1880. Prof. A.J. McClatchie was the next visitor, who collected on Baldy in August, 1893. During successive springs of 1899 and 1900, Dr. H.M. Hall explored and made collections on the northern base of the mountains. In July 1901 and 1902 Dr. LeRoy Abrams visited Baldy Summit and in the summer of 1908, accompanied by Mr. E.A. McGregor, he collected in Swartout Valley and Lone Pine Cañon. Several other persons have made collections in the San Antonio Mountains, among whom are, - Mr. J.B. Leiberg, Mrs. Charlotte M. Wilder and Mr. Fred Burlew. It is interesting to note, that with the exception of Professor McClathie and Mrs. Wilder, all the collectors worked on the north side of the mountain. The most of the collecting seems to have been done along the so-called, "Glen Ranch Trail to Baldy." Although the mountains have had a number of visitors they have had by no means a thorough botanical exploration. The visitors have made but hurried dashes into the more accessible parts, covering the same ground as their predecessors, and spending in the pine belt only a day or two. Realizing that much of the mountain was either untouched or very imperfectly known we planned and made a series of ten collecting trips into the pine belt. These trips, which were made during the spring and summer of 1917 and 1918, total twenty-nine days; on them we visited all the cañons and peaks with the exception only of Swartout Valley and Lone Pine Cañon. These two cañons were not visited because of lack of time. However, thanks to the efforts of Dr. Hall and Dr. Abrams, they are the best known parts of the San Antonio Mountains.

The only literature dealing in any way with the San Antonio Mountains is Dr. Abrams' Flora of Los Angeles and Vicinity, (2) which has a range so defined as to include the coastal slopes. While fairly satisfactory in the Upper Sonoran Zone, it was found to be of little or no value in the pine belt, a fact not surprising if one remembers that our knowledge of the south slope has been obtained by two hurried collectors.

The San Gabriel Mountains are one of the least known of the Southern California group, a fact which is very apparent if they are compared with the San Jacinto (3) or San Bernardino (4) Mountains. The writer hopes that the following paper, while only dealing with a limited portion of the San Gabriel Mountains, will be a contribution towards the desired knowledge of their flora.

Three life zones are distinguishable in the San Antonio Mountains: the Upper Sonoran, Transition, and Canadian. The Upper Sonoran Zone includes the bases of the mountains, never ascending higher than 6000 feet altitude. This zone is recognized at once by the presence of dense thickets of shrubs, called chaparral, which cover the mountain side. The chaparral belt does not have its tweny-five or more component shrubs in an unvarying mixture, for not only are some species restricted geographically, but on the coastal slope, in response to differences in moisture and temperature, two distinguishable life belts have been formed within the chaparral belt. These are hereafter designated as the "Upper" and "Lower Chaparral Belt." The Lower Chaparral Belt is characterized by the dominance of such shrubs as, Adenostoma fasiculatum, Quercus dumosa, and Ceanothus crassifolius. On south facing slopes these plants grow abundantly below 4500 feet altitude, on north slopes they seldom reach an altitude of 3000 feet. The Upper Chaparral Belt, on the other hand, is found usually above the 4500 feet contour on south slopes, and never lower than 3000 feet on north facing slopes. Arctostaphylos tomentosa, Quercus wislizeni and Ceanothus divaricatus are the dominant shrubs in the Upper Chaparral Belt.

Since we have not visited the desert base of the mountains we are unable to discuss its Upper Sonoran flora. Because of this fact and because the composition of the chaparral is well known and similar to that found in adjacent territory we have not included the chaparral flora in the catalogue which forms the bulk of this paper.

The composition of the Transition flora is somewhat different on the two sides of the mountain. The most conspicuous difference is the absolute lack of Ceanothus cordulatus, Artemisia tridentata and Tetradymia canescens on the south or coastal side. On the desert side these three are the most common shrubs. There are a number of plants which, while present on the south side, are very much less frequent there than they are on the north side. This list includes, - Prunus demissa, Fremontia californica, Gayophytum casesium, Castilleja muniata, and Chrysotham[n]us nauseosus. The south side of the mountain is strikingly lacking in plants which are peculiar to it.

Bibliography
(1). Leiberg, J.B. 1898. Resources of the Angeles National Forest.
(2). Abrams, LeRoy. 1904. Flora of Los Angeles and Vicinity.
(3). Hall, Harvey Monroe. 1902. Flora of the San Jacinto Mountains. U.C. Publications in Botany.
(4). Parish, Samuel Bonsall. 1916. An Enumeration of the Pteridophytes and Angiosperms of the San Bernardino Mountains. Plant World.

Many notes on distribution, abundance and habitats were made during our exploration of the mountains. These notes, supplemented by less extensive ones made previous to 1917, form the basis for the discussion under each species treated. The discussions of systematic relationships are the outcome of a careful study of herbarium material and of much time spent over the taxonomic literature. It is perhaps unnecessary to state that all statements concerning distribution, etc., are founded on, and concern only, the species as it occurs in the San Antonio Mountains. In a majority of cases the habitat, zonal distribution and abundance is the same as it is in the San Bernardino or San Jacinto Mountains but this, however, is not always the case.

For invaluable help in the preparation of this paper the author is under especial obligations to Mr. S.B. Parish of San Bernardino. His help in taxonomic difficulties, his suggestions and kindly criticisms all warrant the writer's sincere gratitude. To Dr. H.M. Hall of the University of California we are also much indebted for his courtesy and interest, and especially for the privileges granted us while working in the herbarium under his charge. We wish to acknowledge the help of several other taxonomists, among whom are Mrs. Agnes Chase, Dr. J.M. Greenman, Dr. W.L. Jepson, Prof. M.E. Jones, Mr. J.F. Macbride, Mr. K.K. Mackenzie, Mr. W.R. Maxon, Dr. B.L. Robinson, Dr. J.N. Rose, Dr. P.A. Rydberg, Mr. Camillo Schneider and Mr. G.P. Van Eseltine.

Pseudotsuga macrocarpa (Torr.) Mayr. Frequent in the Upper Chaparral Belt and Lower Transition Zone. It grows at the mouth of San Antonio Cañon, alt. 2000 ft. and as high as 7000 ft. alt. in Icehouse Cañon.

Abies concolor Lindl. & Gord. Common in the Upper Transition Zone, where it is the dominant tree.

Juniperus occidentalis Hook. One of the less common trees. In our mountains the tree grows only in the Upper Transition Zone. The scattered colonies have been found between 8000 ft. (Old Gold Ridge Mine) and 9660 ft. alt. (Pine Mountain Summit). (Nos. 1400, 1623).

Poa secunda. Common in dry ground in the chaparral belt and in the Transition Zone. (No. 1355).

Calochortus invenustus. In decomposed granite in the Upper Transition Zone. Frequent. (Nos. 1397, 1606).

Calyptridium parryi Gray. Frequent in the Canadian Zone on bare stretches of decomposed granite.

Calyptridium umbellatum (Nutt.) Greene. Common in open ground under the pines in the Upper Transition Zone and on bare ridges in the Canadian Zone. Ranging between 7500 and 9700 ft. alt. (Nos. 1273, 1397).

Lewisia rediviva Pursh. Common in rocky exposed places throughout the Transition Zone. (Nos. 1280, 1412, 1470, 1493).

Calyptridium monandrum (T. & G.) Jeps. var. viridis (Davidson) Jeps. Locally abundant on a sunny talus slope in the Upper Transition Zone, at 7000 ft. alt. in Icehouse Cañon. Collected "near Old Baldy" at 5750 ft. alt. by Dr. Hall (no.1245). The type was collected in Rock Creek just west of our limits. (No.2037).

Delphinium hesperium Gray, var. recurvatum (Greene) Jeps. "San Antonio Mts., 5750 ft. alt. Hall" and "Lytle Creek Cañon, 5500 ft. alt. Hall" acc. Davidson, (Muhl.4:34, 1908). Here, very likely, belongs the common larkspur noted in Prairie Fork of which we have seen only fruiting specimens.

Thalictrum polycarpum Wats. Common in moist ground bordering streams in the upper parts of Prairie Fork San Gabriel River and North Fork Lytle Creek, Upper Transition Zone, Alt. 7000-8000 ft. Also at 5000 ft. in Prairie Fork. (Nos. 1677, 2093.)

Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt. Ranges from the lower cañons up to an altitude of 7000 ft. in the pine belt.

A plant collected by Burlew on Baldy Summit was made the type of D. vestita, a species descrbied by its author as differing from D. corrugata in being more hirsute and more compact in habit, and in having shorter petals and less corrugated fruit. Dr. Davidson mentions certain collections from the San Jacinto Mtns. that in his mind represent typical corrugata. From our studies of herbarium material it appears that D. corrugata is represented in the San Jacinto Mtns. by a very distinct geographical variety that is characterized by its long petals, slightly smaller and more contorted fruit and by its slender, naked, unbranched stems bearing a simple, open few flowered raceme. The plants from the San Antonio Mts. and those from the San Bernardino Mts. agree in having very short inconspicuous petals, rather large, little contorted fruit and stout, leafy, much branched stems that form dense, many flowered panicles. This form is apparently the typical plant for the type was collected by Lemmon on Grayback in the San Bernardino Mts. It thus appears that vestita was described through a misconception as to what constituted the true corrugata and that the well marked variation on Mt. San Jacinto through which this misconception arose, is still without a name. (Nos. 1279, 1416, 1609.)

Sisymbrium canescens Nutt. Dry sandy ground in the lower part of the pine belt. Common in the chaparral belt.

Dentaria californica Nutt. Rare in cool, moist places in the lower part of the pine belt; frequent in the chaparral belt.

Arabis arcuata Gray. Frequent in dry rocky ground throughout the Lower Transition Zone. It descends the cañons on the south side of and reaches a minimum altitude of 1000 ft. in the gravelly wash of San Antonio Canon.

The pine belt form has its pods uniformly shorter than the Upper Sonoran plant. The valley and chaparral belt plant has pods 7-9 cm. long; the pine belt form has its pods only 3-5 cm. in length. (Nos. 1359, 1589, 1951, 1952, 1956, 1973).

Arabis glabra (L.)Bernh. Occasional in the lower parts of the pine belt; common at lower levels.

Arabis repanda Wats. Frequent in dry open ground under the pines in the Upper Transition Zone. (Nos. 1464, 1663).

Arabis platysperma Gray. Frequent under the pines in the Upper Transition and Canadian Zone. Exceedingly abundant in the vicnity of Kelly's Cabin. A single plant was found on Baldy Summit. (Nos. 1465, 1560).

Erysimum asperum DC. Common in dry open ground under the pines in the Lower Transition Zone.

Streptanthus campestris Wats. var. bernardinus (Greene) Johnston, comb. nov. Agianthus bernardinus Greene. Shaded ground under the pines in South Fork Lytle Creek, alt. 6000 ft.

This variety is a lower and more slender plant than the species with smaller, yellow flowers which have recurved sepals. Though quite distinct in their extremes, the species and the variety are well connected by intermediate forms. (No.1477).

Caulanthus amplexicaulis Wats. Common in dry situations throughout the Transition Zone. (Nos. 1267, 1467).

Ribes montigenum McClatchie. Baldy Summit is the type station of this widely distributed subalpine shrub. It is common there, growing in the shelter of the rocks that are scattered near the summit. On the west spur of Baldy it descends to the 9000 foot contour, the lowest altitude at which it was seen. To be expected on Pine Mountain, but we failed to find it there. (No.1415.)

Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt. Icehouse Cañon at 7250 ft. alt. and 7000 ft. alt. in both Coldwater Fork Lytle Creek and Prairie Fork. The first station is on a dry rocky place on the canon floor while the other stations are both in springy ground.

Our plants have the glabrous hypanthia and sepals of the segregate, A. recurvata Abrams. A. venulosa Greene, another segregate of A. alnifolia, is reported from Swartout Valley by Abrams (Bull. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 6:382, 1910). (Nos. 1388, 1539, 1681, 1711).

Heteromeles arbutifolia Roem. Enters the pine belt in Prairie Fork and in San Antonio Cañon.

Drymocallis viscida Parish. Common in moist ground in the Transition Zone. (Nos. 1410, 2062, 2068, 2072).

Drymocallis lactea (Greene) Rydb. Locally very abundant in a marsh in a small side cañon of Prairie Fork. Upper Transition Zone, alt. 7000 ft. (No. 2066).

Cercocarpus betulaefolius Nutt. Frequent in the lower parts of the pine belt.

Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. As a shrub at its lower limits and a tree in its upper ranges, this species extends throughout the Transition Zone and well into the Canadian. (No. 1485).

Rubus leucodermis Dougl. Occasional in moist rocky ground in Transition Zone. (No. 1462).

Rubus parviflorus Nutt. "In moist shady places in the San Antonio and San Bernardino Mountains in the pine belt." Acc. Abrams, Fl. Los Ang.

Prunus demissa Walp. Scarce on the south side of the mountains, but common on the north side. Especially abundant in Prairie Fork between 5000 and 7000 ft. alt. A few plants grow on the Devils Backbone at 9000 ft. alt. The species is confined to the Transition Zone. (Nos. 1384, 1402, 1712).

Prunus ilicifolia Nutt. In San Antonio Cañon this enters a short distance up into the pine belt.

Prunus emarginata Walp. We know the plant from only two stations, both of which are in the Transition Zone, one in the lower part, the other in the upper. Coldwater Fork Lytle Creek, alt. 5750 ft. and near the head of San Antonio Cañon at 7600 ft. Dr. Hall collected the species also at 5700 ft. in Lytle Creek (No. 1471) as well as "north of San Antonio Peak at 8500 ft. alt." Our plant is a shrub which is seldom higher than 1 1/2 meters and is similar in pubescence to the var. mollis Brew. (Nos. 1666, 1680, 2079).

Rosa californica Cham. & Sch. Barely entering the pine belt.

Rosa gratissima Greene. Several large thickets of this rose were found in a moist meadow near the Native Son Mine in Prairie Fork.

Specimens were sent to Dr. Rydberg who determined them as R. mohavensis Parish. Mr. Parish, however, is very unwilling to see our plants referred to this species so we are following Abrams (Bull. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 6:380, 1910) in referring this form, which he collected in Swartout Canon, to R. gratissima. In Rydberg's key (Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 44:65, 1917) our plant seems to fall into R. mohavensis. Our plants, as well as those collected by Hall (No.1513) at 6200 ft. alt. in Swartout Valley, differ from the roses collected near the type station of R. mohavensis in being moree or less distinctly bicolored, slightly puberulent, darker, and not at all shiny. (No. 1704).

Lupinus formosus Greene. Common on dry slopes with the last and descending to the valleys.
We feel certain that there are too many forms referred to this species that a critical study will result in recognizing a large number of good varieties and perhaps even several good segregate species. In the San Antonio Mtns. we have observed several forms of this plant. In dry open ground in the lower parts of the pine belt the plants are very open, the leaflets linear, folded and covered with rather dense, long pubescence. The common form of the species, which has larger, broader and unfolded leaves has two well marked forms of inflorescence. In very dry sunny ground the racemes are elongated and few flowered, and the flowers have long pedicels, 5-10 mm. long. Contrasted with this form is the plant which has dense racemes of short pediceled, 2-4 mm. long, flowers. A plant is common in Prairie Fork which we place under this species with great hesitancy. The habit of growth is very different from the other forms referred here, it being erect and branching above. The racemes are short and of seemingly smaller, usually white, flowers. (Nos. 1269, 1469, 1488, 2086.)

Lupinus cytisoides Agardh. Abundant along the streams in the upper parts of Prairie Fork San Gabriel River and North Fork Lytle Creek, 6000-7500 ft. alt., Upper Transition Zone. In the lower Transition Zone it was only noted at 5400 ft. alt. in San Antonio Canon.

Lupinus elatus Johnston. The most conspicuous herbaceous plant in the area centering on Kellys Cabin. The plant flowers continuously from the middle of June to late Autumn, when it is killed to the ground by the frost. It's altitudinal range is between 6500 and 8700 ft. alt. It is found on the low Canadian Zone slopes above Kellys Cabin but it is apparently more at home on the shaded slopes in the Upper Transition Zone.
At the time the plant was described we knew it only from the type region but we have since found it on the south spur of Cucamonga Peak where it was common on what is sometimes called Manzanita Flats, alt. 6500 ft. alt. The flowers range from flesh color to light blue. The plants collected on the south slope of Cucamonga Peak are slightly lower than those at the type station, and the leaflets are all under 6 mm. in length. (Nos. 162, 1627, 2063.)

Lotus nevadensis (Wats.) Greene.
Dr. Abrams (Fl. Los Ang.) says of L. Davidsonii, "very close to L. argophyllus and may be only a form of it." We do not agree with this statement for we believe that that species is identical with L. nevadensis (Wats.) Greene. The "argophyllus group" can be separated from the "nevadensis group" by its shiny-silk pubescence and its mucronate leaflets. These differences are much better differentiating characters than the relative lengths of the peduncles, which Abrams (l.c. 200, 1917) uses to separate them. We have found that the peduncles are very variable in length, even in a single collection. The lateness of the season in which the specimen was collected seems to determine, partly at least, the length of its peduncles. (Nos. 1423, 1552, 1458.)

Lotus argophyllus (Gray) Greene. (Hosackia argophylla Gray var. decora Johnston.) Most common in rocky ground in the lower part of the pine belt, frequent in the Upper Chaparral Belt and not uncommon in gravelly washes near the canon mouths. (Nos. 1278, 1737.)

Lotus heermanni (D. & H.) Greene. Occasional in moist sand along creeks in the Lower Transition Zone, much more common at lower levels. (No. 1657.)

Lotus oblongifolius (Benth.) Greene. Occasional in moist ground in the Lower Transition Zone.

Lotus crassifolius (Benth.) Greene. Occasional in dry open ground, Upper Chaparral Belt and Lower Transition Zone. (Nos. 1495, 1751.)

Lotus strigosus (Nutt.) Greene. Under the pines at 5700 ft. alt. in San Antonio Canon.

Lotus americanus (Nutt.) Bisch. Lower edge of the pine belt at 5000 ft. alt. in Prairie Fork.

Trifolium monanthum Gray var. grantianum (Heller) Parish. Common in springy places in the Transition Zone above 6500 ft. alt. (Nos. 1392, 1550) [van de Hoek addition: Trifolium grantianum is named for George Grant who collected his #6343 in Vivian Canon on San Gorgonio Mountain, see Muhlenbergia 1:136-Heller 1908 and Flora of California 2:137-Jepson 1936. Samuel Parish, in Flora of the San Bernardino Mountains, reduced it to a variety in Plant World 20:220-Parish 1917].

Astragalus parishii Gray. This species was collected by Hall (Nos. 1392, 1550) in Swartout Valley at 6700 and 6852 ft. alt.

Astragalus lentiginosus Dougl. var. Fremontii Wats. Frequent under the pines on the broad, dry sandy floor of Prairie Fork, ascending the canon to 6500 ft. alt. This and the next were determined by Prof. M.E. Jones. (No. 1655).

Astragalus bicristatus Gray. Growing with the last in Prairie Fork but also on the west end of Ontario Peak in Cascade Canon, where it is common under the pines, 6000-7000 ft. alt. Both stations are in thte Lower Transition Zone. (Nos. 1656, 2039, 2056.)

Mentzelia congesta T. & G. var. Davidsoniana (Abrams)Macbr. But a single collection of this was seen. It grew in gravelly ground, in the lower portion of the pine belt, alt. 5750 ft. in Coldwater Fork Lytle Creek. (2059).

Opuntia basilaris Engelm. & Bigel. A few plants growing with Pinus monophylla at about 6500 ft. alt. in the upper part of North Fork Lytle Creek. Lower part of the Transition Zone.

Sarcodes sanguinea Torr. Occasional in wet ground in Transition Zone, More common at lower levels. (No.1611).

Collinsia torreyi Gray var. wrightii (Wats.) Johnston, comb.nov. C. wrightii Wats. C. monticola Davids. Colonies of this plant are frequent under the pines in the upper part of the Transition Zone and in the Canadian Zone. Its range seems to coincide with that of Castanopsis. The highest station that we know for this interesting little plant is at 8700 ft. alt. on the saddle between Baldy and Pine Mt., but Davidson cites under his species a collection by Mr. Burlew from Baldy Summit. We have seen a collection by Dr. Hall (No.1239) from near the summit of Baldy at 9700 ft. alt. The plant is exceedingly abundant under the pines in the vicinity of Kellys Cabin, 8000-8500 ft. alt., where it colors the ground in the openings between the manzanitas and chinquapin bushes.
C. monticola was based on collections made by Dr. Hall at 6800 ft. alt. in Swartout Valley. This species, however, is an exact duplicate of Sierran C. wrightii. The only character which distinguishes Wrightii from C. torreyi is its smaller sized corolla. This character, while apparently constant, is, in our mind, not sufficient to warrant the separation of these two very closely related forms. (No.1551).

Mimulus glutinosus (Nutt.).........

Mimulus palmeri Gray. Collected by Dr. Hall (No.1449) at 5800 ft. alt. in Lytle Creek Canon.

Mimulus fremontii Lytle Creek Canon, at 6000 ft. Hall 1543.

Erigeron divergens T. & G. A single plant growing in wet ground at Native Son Mine. Collected by Hall in Swarthout Valley (Univ. Cal. Publ. Bot.3:93, 1907.) (No. 1708.)

Gnaphalium chilense Spreng. Wet ground at the Native Son Mine.

Helianthus gracilentus Gray. Frequently found under the pines in the lower portions of the Transition Zone. (No. 1698.)

Lepidospartum squamatum Gray. Occasionally found in the lower portions of the Transition Zone, usually dry sandy cañon beds. (No. 1717).
Stephanomeria runicinata. (No. 1649).
Stephanomeria virgata. (No. 1654).
Crepis acuminata. (No. 1651).
Artemisia ludoviciana. (No. 1651).

Crepis nana Richards. "On the eastern side of Mt. San Antonio some three or four hundred feet below the summit, near a small snow field, along the Glen Ranch Trail," acc. Burlew (Bull. So. Cal. Acad. 16:13, 1917).

[Work in Progress, to be compiled fully by Robert Roy van de Hoek as time and money allows].

1337 ...
1338 ...
1339 ...
1340 ...
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1344 ...
1345 ...
1346 ...
1347 ...
1348 ...
1349 ...
1350 ...
1351 ...
1352 ...
1353 ...
1354 ...
1355 ... 0000' ... Chaparral Belt Transition Zone. Poa scrabella. Poaceae.
1356 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone. under pines. Arenaria douglasii. Caryophyllaceae.
1357 ...
1358 ... 7000' ... Coldwater fork of Lytle Creek, not in marsh muck but in better-drained head. Botryichium lunaria. Ophioglossaceae.
1359 ... 0000' ... Arabis arcuata. Cruciferae.
1360 ...
1361 ...
1362 ...
1363 ...
1364 ...
1365 ...
1366 ...
1367 ...
1368 ...
1369 ...
1370 ...
1371 ...
1372 ...
1373 ...
1374 ...
1375 ...
1376 ...
1377 ...
1378 ...
1379 ...
1380 ...
1381 ...
1382 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone. Eriogonum saxatile Polygonaceae.
1383 ... 0000' ... Frequent in dry ground under pines. Eriogonum umbellatta.
1384 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork? Prunus demissa.
1385 ...
1386 ... 0000' ... Moist shaded ground under pines. Silene verecunda.
1387 ...
1388 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork (in springy ground)? Amelanchier alnifolia. Rosaceae.
1389 ... 0000' ... Symphoricarpos parishii.
1390 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork in a side cañon, in marshy ground. Juncus mertensiana. Juncaceae
1391 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork in a side cañon, in springy ground. Carex aurea celsa. Cyperacae.
1392 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork in a side cañon, in marshy ground.Trifolium monanthum grantianum. Fabaceae.
1393 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork in a side cañon, in marshy ground. Carex subfusca. Cyperaceae
1394 ... 7500' ... Moist ground along creeks. Salix flavescens. Salicaceae.
1395 ... 0000' ... Canadian Zone, always in rocky situations. Heuchera elegans Saxifragaceae.
1396 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork in a small side cañon.Epilobium angustifolium Onagraceae.
1397 ... 0000' ... Upper Transition Zone in decomposed granite. Calochortus invenustus. Liliaceae.
1398 ... 10,000' ... Baldy Summit. Galium multiflorum parvifolium.
1399 ... 10,000' ... Baldy Summit. Carex abrupta.
1400 ... Juniperus occidentalis.
1401 ...
1402 ... 0000' ... Prairie Fork, Devils Backbone or North side.Prunus demissa.
1403 ...
1404 ...
1405 ...
1407 ... Bromus grandis.
1408 ... Salix cordata. Now called S. lutea watsoni. Salicaceae.
1409 ... 6500-8200' ... Springy places. Sisyrinchium oreophilum. Iridaceae.
1410 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone (moist ground). Drymocallis viscida.
1411 ...
1412 ...
1413 ...
1414 ...
1415 ... 10,000' ... Baldy Summit, in shelter of rocks at summit to 9000'. Ribes montigenum.
1416 ... 10,000' ... Baldy Summit. Draba corrugata. Brassicaceae.
1417 ... 10,000' ... Baldy Summit. Heuchera abramsii Saxifragaceae.
1418 ... 10,000' ... Baldy Summit, Gilia pungens tenuiloba. Usually with Heuchera sp.
1419 ... 10,000' ... Baldy Summit. Ribes cereum. Saxifragaceae.
1420 ... 9600' ... Baldy Summit area. Monardella cinerea
1421 ... 9600' ... Baldy Summit area. Monardella cinerea
1422 ... 9600' ... Baldy Summit area. Monardella cinerea
1423 ...
1424 ...
1425 ...
1426 ...
1427 ...
1428 ...
1429 ...
1430 ...
1431 ...
1432 ...
1433 ... Limnorchis sparsiflora. Orchidaceae.
1434 ...
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1436 ...
1437 ...
1438 ...
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1442 ...
1443 ...
1444 ...
1445 ...
1446 ...
1447 ...
1448 ...
1449 ...
1450 ...
1451 ...
1452 ...
1453 ...
1454 ... 6000' ... Prairie Fork or Lytle Creek (see 2070) ... Bromus orcuttianus hallii
1455 ...
1456 ...
1457 ...
1458 ...
1459 ...
1460 ...
1461 ...
1462 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone, moist rocky ground. Rubus leucodermis
1463 ...
1464 ...
1465 ... 0000' ... Baldy Summit or Kelly's Cabin. Arabis platysperma.
1466 ...
1467 ...
1468 ...
1469 ...
1470 ...
1471 ...
1472 ...
1473 ...
1474 ...
1475 ...
1476 ...
1477 ... 6000' ... Lytle Creek (south fork), shaded ground under pines. Streptanthus campestris bernardinus.
1478 ...0000' ... Moist shaded slopes. Pyrola pallida.
1479 ...
1481 ...
1482 ...
1483 ...
1484 ...
1485 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone. Cercocarpus ledifolius
1486 ...
1487 ...
1488 ...
1489 ...
1490 ...
1491 ...
1492 ...
1493 ...
1494 ...
1495 ...
1496 ... 0000' ..... Carex brevipes. Baldy summit to Kelly's Cabin.
1497 ...
1498 ...
1499 ...
1500 ... .
1501 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone. Melica stricta. Poaceae.
1502 ... .
1503 ... Carex (Vignea) subfusca.
1504 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone ... dry bare rocky slopes. Stipa occidentalis. Poaceae.
1505 ... Carex agrostoides.
1506 ... 0000' ... Transition ZoneMuhlenbergia squarrosa. Poaceae.
1507 ... .
1508 ... .
1509 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone. Agrostis exarata. Poaceae.
1510 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone. ... "springy ground." Agrostis rossae.
1511 ... .
1512 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone ... "moist ground." Agropyron tenerum.
1513 ... .
1514 ... .
1515 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone. Stipa parishii. Poaceae.
1516 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone. Melica stricta. Poaceae.
1517 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone. Elymus glaucus. Poaceae.
1518 ... 0000' ... Brown's Flat. Agropyron caninum Poaceae.
1519 ... .
1520 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone. Koeleria cristata. Poaceae.
1521 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone. Koeleria cristata. Poaceae.
1522 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone ... "near water hole." Agrostis idahoensis. Poaceae.
1523 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone. Sitanion minus. Poaceae.
1524 ... .
1525 ... .
1526 ... .
1527 ... .
1528 ... .
1529 ... .
1530 ... 8700' ... Cucamonga Peak. Eriogonum microthecum. Polygonaceae.
1531 ... .
1532 ... 0000' ... springy places. Aquilegia truncata. Ranunculaceae.
1533 ... .
1534 ... .
1535 ... .
1536 ... .
1537 ... 0000' ... Bare rocky slopes. Stipa occidentalis. Poaceae.
1538 ... .
1539 ... .
1540 ... 0000' ... Arctostaphylos patula. Ericaceae.
1541 ... 10,000' ... Baldy SummitCastanopsis sempervirens. Fagaceae.
1542 ... 9000' ... Telegraph Peak. Cryptantha muricata. Boraginaceae.
1543 ... 10,000' ... Allium breweri.
1544 ... 0000' ... Telegraph Peak. Eriogonum wrightii. Polygonaceae.
1545 ... 0000' ... Telegraph Peak, south spur. Tetradymia canescens.
1546 ... 0000' ... Telegraph PeakEriogonum saxatile.
1547 ... .
1548 ... .
1549 ... .
1550 ... 6500' ... Ontario Peak (Jepson 1936,p.297) ...Trifolium monanthum grantianum. Fabaceae.
1551 ... 9700' ... near summit of Baldy. Collinsia torreyi. Scrophulariaceae.
1552.
1553 ... .
1554 ... .
1555 ... .
1556 ... .
1557 ... .
1558 ... .
1559 ... .
1560 ... 0000' ... Baldy Summit or Kelly's Cabin. Arabis platysperma
1561 ... .
1562 ... .
1563 ... .
1564 ... 0000' .... Transition Zone, sunny rocky ground.Turricula parryi.
1565 ... .
1566 ... .
1567 ... .
1568 ... 0000' ... Acer macrophyllum. Aceraceae.
1569 ... .
1570 ... .
1571 ... .
1572 ... .
1573 ... .
1574 ... .
1575 ... Arctostaphylos parryana. Ericaceae. Transition Zone.
1576 ... Arctostaphylos parryana. Ericaceae. Transition Zone.
1577 ... .
1578 ... .
1579 ... .
1580 ... .
1581 ... .
1543 ... .
1582 ... .
1583 ... .
1584 ... .
1585 ...Pyrola pallida. Pyrolaceae. Moist shaded slopes.
1586 ... .
1587 ... .
1588 ... .
1589 ... 0000' ... Arabis arcuata. Cruciferae.
1590 ... .
1591 ... 8700' ... Ontario Peak Summit. Galium siccatum. Rubiaceae.
1592 ... .
1593 ... .
1594 ... 8500' ... Ontario Peak. Cheilanthes fendleri. Polypodiaceae.
1595 ... 0000' ... Ontario Peak. Selaginella sp. Selaginellaceae.
1596 ... .
1597 ... .
1598 ... Cryptantha muricata.?
1599 ... .
1600 ... .
1601 ... .
1602 ... .
1603 ... .
1604 ... .
1605 ... .
1606 ... .
1607 ... .
1608 ... .
1609 ... Draba corrugata. Brassicaceae. Baldy Summit among loose rocks.
1610 ...
1611 ... Sarcodes sanguinea. Monotropaceae. Transition Zone.
1612 ... Pterospora andromedea. Monotropaceae. Cucamonga Peak Summit and/or Kellys Cabin.
1613 ... 8200' ... Ontario Peak Summit
Hieracium horridum. Asteraceae.
1614 ... 8200' ... Ontario Peak Summit
Hieracium albiflorum. Asteraceae.
1615 ... 8700' ... Ontario Peak Summit. Galium siccatum. Bedstraw. Rubiaceae.
1616 ... 8200' ... Ontario Peak Summit
Hieracium horridum. Asteraceae.
1617 ... none ... Transition Zone, springy ground. Pteris aquilegia lanuginosa.
1618 ... .
1619 ... 8250' ... Wet ground (streambanks), crevices at waterfalls. Cystopteris fragilis.
1620 ... .
1621 ... .
1622 ... .
1623 ... 9600' ... Pine Mountain ... Juniperus occidentalis. Cupressaceae.
1624 ... 0000' ... Libocedrus decurrens. "... found wholly in moist cañons or on stream banks."
1625 ... 8500' ... Baldy Summit. Pinus murrayana.
1626 ... 0000' ... Lupinus elatus.
1627 ... 8000' ... Icehouse Canon (head of) - Lupinus elatus.7-30-17.
1628 ... 7000' ... Coldwater Fork of Lytle Creek (wet ground). Muhlenbergia squarrosa.
1629 ... 7000' ... Coldwater Fork, Lytle Creek ... Moist ground ... wet by seepage. Muhlenbergia californica.
1630 ... 0000' ... ?Native Son Mine ... "Moist ground. Agropyron tenerum
1631 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... "Marshy ground." Eleocharis montana.
1632 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... "Moist ground." Luzula comosa.
1633 ... 0000' ... Native Son Mine? ... ?.
1634 ... 7000'' ... Prairie Fork (side canon) ... "springy ground." Agrostis rossae.
1635 ... 0000' ... Canadian Zone ... "high elevationsSitanion minus.
1636 ... 0000' ... Baldy Summit/Pine Mountain ... Carex abrupta.
1637 ... .
1638 ... Sitanion minus.
1639 ... .
1640 ... 5000' ... Prairie Fork ... "Below Native Son Mine...sunny but moist bank."Aster menziesii.
1641 ... .
1642 ... Brickellia californica.
1643 ... Brickellia microphpylla. and also ? Dudleya pumila?
1644 ... 0000' ... Sunset Peak. Corethrogyne filaginifolia pinetorum.
1645 ... .
1646 ... Dudleya pumila.
1647 ... 6000' ... Prairie Fork. "Under Pines." Aster canescens.
1648 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork. "Locally abundant in marsh in a side cañon." Dodecatheon redolens.
1649 ... 0000' ... Prairie Fork? ...Stephanomeria runicinata.
1650 ... 6000' ... Prairie Fork ... Crepis acuminata. "Frequent ... dry rocky ground."
1651 ... 6000' ... Prairie Fork ... Artemisia ludoviciana. "Common, Dry ground."
1652 ... 8000' ... Pine Mountain Ridge ... Chrysothamnus nauseous.
1653 ... 8000' ... Pine Mountain Ridge ... Chrysothamnus nauseous.
1654 ... 0000' ... Prairie Fork ... Stephanomeria virgata. "Near head of Prairie Fork."
1655 ... 6500' ... Prairie Fork ... Astragalus lentiginosus fremontii.
1656 ... 6500' ... Prairie Fork ... Astragalus bicristatus.
1657 ... 6500' ... Prairie Fork ... Lotus heermanni. "Moist sand along creek."
1658 ... 0000' ... no location ... no species.
1659 ... 5000' ... Prairie Fork ... Populus fremontii. "Transition Zone."
1660 ... 0000' ... Transition ... Artemesia dracunculoides. "Dry ground."
1661 ... 0000' ... No location ... no species.
1662 ... 0000' ... Prairie Fork? ...Cordylanthus nevinii.
1663 ... 0000' ... no location ... Arabis repanda. "Dry open ground under pines."
1664 ... 0000' ... U. Transition ... Epilobium ursinum.
1665 ... 0000' ... No location? ... Salix cordata. (now S. lutea watsoni).
1666 ... 0000' ... No location? ... Prunus emarginata.
1667 ... 0000' ... No location? ... Galium sp. "Gravelly ground."
1668 ... 6600' ... Lytle Creek ... Ceanothus greggii. "N. Fork, one grove."
1669 ... 0000' ... No location ... Corallorhiza sp.
1670 ... 7000' ... Transition ... Silene parishii. "Rocky decomposed granite."
1671 ... 0000' ... No location ... Silene verecunda. "Moist shaded ground.
1672 ... 9660' ... Pine Mountain, summit cairn. Tetradymia canescens.
1673 ... 6750' ... Prairie Fork, gravelly floor. Malvastrum fremontii orbiculatum.
1674 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine. Solidago confinis. "Wet ground."
1675 ... 0000' ... No location ... Cordylanthus rigidus. "Dry ground."
1676 ... 0000' ... No location ... No species.
1677 ... 5000' ... Prairie Fork ... Thalictrum polycarpum."Moist ground bordering stream."
1678 ... 5000' ... Prairie Fork ... Senecio douglasii. "Lower edge of pine belt."
1679 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork ... Senecio triangularis. "Side canon marsh-several large clumps."
1680 ... 0000' ... No location ... Prunus emarginata.
1681 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork ... Amelanchier alnifolia. "Springy ground?"
1682 ... 9500' ... Pine Mountain ... Erigeron foliosus stenophyllus. "Dry sunny ground."
1683 ... 0000' ... No location ... Salix flavescens. "Moist ground along creeks."
1684 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Juncus xiphioides. "Growing along the creek."
1685 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Salix parishii. "Small meadow."
1686 ... 8000' ... No location ... Cuscuta californica. "Transition Z. on Chrysothamnus"
1687 ... 0000' ... No location ... no species.
1688 ... 0000' ... Prairie Fork ... Arceuthobium campylopodum.
1689 ... 0000' ... No location ...
1690 ... 0000' ... No location ... Heuchera abramsii.
1691 ... .

1693 ... .
1694 ... .
1695 ... .
1696 ... .
1697 ... .
1698 ... .
1699 ... .
1700 ... .
1701 ... .
1702 ... .
1703 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork ... Lilium parryi. "Very common in small side cañon."
1704 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Rosa gratissima. "Thickets in moist meadow."
1705 ... 0000' ... Native Son Mine? ...
1706 ... 0000' ... Native Son Mine? ... .
1707 ... 0000' ... Native Son Mine? ... .
1708 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Gnaphalium chilense. "Wet ground."
1709 ... .
1710 ... .
1711 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork, Icehouse Canon, Coldwater Fork?. Amelanchier alnifolia. Rosaceae.
1712 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork?. Prunus demissa.
1713 ... .
1714 ... .
1715 ... .
1716 ... .
1717 ... 0000' ... Lower Transition Zone (dry sandy cañon beds). Lepidospartum squamatum Asteraceae.
1718 ... .
1719 ... .
1720 ... 0000' ... Prairie Fork. Arceuthobium campylopodum. Loranthaceae.
1721 ... 0000' ... Prairie Fork. Ephedra viridis. Gnetaceae.
1722 ... 6500' ... Lytle Creek (North Fork), large colongy. Pinus monophylla. Pinaceae.
1723 ... 7000' ... Along streams. Equisetum funstoni.
1724 ... .
1725 ... .
1726 ... 8700' ... Cucamonga Peak or Baldy Summit (see #1530). Eriogonum microthecum.
1727 ... .
1728 ... .
1729 ... 8500' ... Ontario Peak (or#1594). Cheilanthes fendleri. Polypodiaceae
1730 ... .
1731 ... .
1732 ... .
1733 ... .
1734 ... 0000' ... Pine Mt. and/or Baldy Summit. Viola purpurea. Violaceae.
1735 ... .
1736 ... .
1737 ... .
1738 ... .
1739 ... .
1740 ... .
1741 ... .
1742 ... .
1743 ... Gilia tenuifolia. Polemoniaceae.
1744 ... .
1745 ... .
1746 ... .
1747 ... .
1748 ... .
1749 ... .
1750 ... .
1751 ... .
1752 ... .
1753 ... .
1754 ... .
1755 ... .
1756 ... .
1757 ... .
1758 ... .
1759 ... .
1760 ... 0000' .... Pine Mountain and Baldy Summit. Viola purpurea. Violaceae.
1761 ... .
1762 ... .
1763 ... .
1764 ... .
1765 ... .
1766 ... .
1767 ... .
1768 ... .
1769 ... .
1770 ...
1771 ... .
1772 ... .
1773 ... .
1774 ... .
1775 ... .
1776 ... .
1777 ... .
1778 ... .
1779 ... .
1780 ...
1781 ... .
1782 ... .
1783 ... .
1784 ... .
1785 ... .
1786 ... 10/6/1917 ... Red Hill, Upland ... Potamogeton pectinatus. Growing on bottom of cement reservoir. (Dud 83838.)
1787 ... .
1788 ... .
1789 ... .
1790 ...
1791 ... .
1792 ... .
1793 ... .
1794 ... .
1795 ... .
1796 ... .
1797 ... .
1798 ... .
1799 ... .
1800 ... .
1801 ... .
1802 ... .
1803 ... .
1804 ... .
1805 ... .
1806 ... .
1807 ... 0000' Ontario Peak. Selaginella sp. Selaginellaceae.
1808 ... .
1809 ... .
1810 ... .
1811 ... .
1812 ... 0000' ... Red Hill. Amsinckia intermedia.
1813 ... .
1814 ... .
1815 ... 0000' ... Ontario Peak. Selaginella sp. Selaginellaceae.
1816 ... .
1817 ... .
1818 ... .
1819 ... .
1820 ... .
1821 ... .
1822 ... .
1823 ... .
1824 ... .
1825 ... .
1826 ... .
1827 ... 6000' ... Ontario Peak, west end. Selaginella bigelovii. Selaginellaceae.
1828 ... .
1829 ... .
1830 ... .
1831 ... .
1832 ... .
1833 ... .
1834 ... .
1835 ... .
1836 ... .
1837 ... .
1838 ... .
1839 ... .
1840 ... .
1841 ... .
1842 ... .
1843 ... .
1844 ... .
1845 ... .
1846 ... .
1847 ... .
1848 ... .
1849 ... .
1850 ... .
1851 ... .
1852 ... .
1853 ... .
1854 ... .
1855 ... .
1856 ... .
1857 ... .
1858 ... .
1859 ... .
1860 ... .
1861 ... .
1862 ... .
1863 ... .
1864 ... .
1865 ... .
1866 ... .
1867 ... .
1868 ... .
1869 ... .
1870 ... .
1871 ... .
1872 ... Amsinckia intermedia. Boraginaceae.
1873 ... .
1874 ... .
1875 ... .
1876 ... .
1877 ... .
1878 ... .
1879 ... .
1880 ... .
1881 ... .
Horkelia cuneata. Deer Canyon Wash, Etiwanda, in herbarium at NY, Po, St., US. (No. 1887).
Horkelia cuneata. San Antonio Cañon Wash. Herbarium at NY, Po, St. US.). (No. 1892).

1882 ... .
1883 ... .
1884 ... .
1885 ... .
1886 ... .
[1887 ... 0000' ... Etiwanda (Deer Canyon Wash). Horkelia cuneata. Not in Catalogue]
1889 ... .
1890 ... .
1891 ... .
[1892 ... 0000' ... San Antonio Cañon Wash. Horkelia cuneata. Not in Catalogue.]

1900 ... +5.5' ... Playa del Rey [Ballona, bluffs near sea level]. Atriplex lentiformis breweri.

1926 ... 0000' ... Laguna Beach in San Joaquin Hills May 4, 1918 Gymnograme triangularis viscosa Bull So Ca Acad Sci 17:64-66.

1951 ... 0000' ... Arabis arcuata. Cruciferae.
1952 ... 0000' ... Arabis arcuata. Cruciferae.
1953 ...
1954 ...
1955 ... Salix cordata. Now S. lutea watsoni. Salicaceae.
1956 ... 0000' ... Arabis arcuata. Cruciferae.
1957 ...
1958 ...
1959 ...
1960 ...
1961 ...
1962 ...
1963 ...
1964 ...
1965 ...
1966 ...
1967 ...
1968 ...
1969 ...
1970 ...
1971 ...
1972 ...
1973... 0000' ... Arabis arcuata.
1974 ...
1975 ...
1976 ...
1977 ...
1978 ... 0000' ... Claremont ... well established in a lawn. Arenaria serpyllifolia. [van de Hoek note April 28, 1918.
1979 ...
1980 ... Salix cordata. (now S. lutea watsoni.)
1981 ...
1982 ...
1983 ...
1984 ...
1985 ...
1986 ...
1987 ...
1988 ...
1989 ...
1990 ...
1991 ...
1992 ...
1993 ...
1994 ...
1995 ...
1996 ...
1997 ...
1998 ...
1999 ...
2000 ...
2001 ...
2002 ...
2003 ...
2004 ...
2005 ... Carex (Vignea) agrostoides
2006 ... .
2007 ... .
2008 ... .
2009 ... .
2010 ... .
2011 ... .
2012 ... .
2013 ... .
2014 ... .
2015 ... .
2016 ... .
2017 ... .
2018 ... .
2019 ... .
2020 ... .
2021 ... .
2022 ... .
2023 ... .
2024 ... .
2025 ... .
2026 ... .
2027 ... .
2028 ... .
2029 ... .
2030 ... .
2031 ... .
2032 ... .
2033 ... .
2034 ... Phacelia davidsonii.
2035 ... Cryptantha ambigua.
2036 ... .
2037 ... 7000' ... Icehouse Cañon. Montia exigua viridis. Portulacaceae.
2038 ... .
2039 ... .
2040 ... .
2041 ... .
2042 ... .
2043 ... .
2044 ... .
2045 ... .
2046 ... .
2047 ... .
2048 ... .
2049 ... .
2050 ... .
2051 ... .
2052 ... .
2053 ... Sedum anomalum.
2054 ... .
2055 ... .
2056 ... Astragalus bicristatus.
2057 ... Cryptantha ambigua.
2058 ... .
2059 ... 5750' ... Coldwater Fork - Lytle Creek, gravelly ground. Mentzelia congesta davidsoniana. Loasaceae.
2060 ... .
2061 ... .
2062 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone (moist ground). Drymocallis viscida.
2063 ... 6500' ... Cucamonga Peak (south spur, w/Lupinus formosus). Lupinus elatus.
2064 ... Lupinus grayi.
2065 ... .
2066 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork (small side cañon in a marsh, very abundant). Drymocallis lactea.
2067 ... .
2068 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone (moist ground). Drymocallis viscida.
2069 ... Agropyron tenerum Vasey. ...moist ground (see #1512, 1630 part).
2070 ... 6000' ... Lytle Creek ... Bromus orcuttianus halli.
2071 ... Cryptantha ambigua.
2072 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone (moist ground). Drymocallis viscida.
2073 ... Cryptantha muricata jonesii.
2074 ... .
2075 ... Epilobium glaberrimum.
2076 ... .
2077 ... Cryptantha muricata jonesii.
2078 ... Lupinus grayi.
2079 ... Prunus emarginata.
2080 ... .
2081 ... .
2082 ... 8000' ... San Antonio Canon, head of. Anisocoma acaulis. Asteraceae.
2083 ... 6000' ... Prairie Fork, frequent, and ridges surrounding it to 8500'. Crepis acuminata.
2084 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork in a small side cañon marsh (only location).Osmorhiza nuda. Apiaceae.
2085 ... .
2086 ... 6500' ... Prairie Fork? ... Lupinus formosus.
2087 ... .
2088 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork, several large clumps in marsh in side canon. Senecio triangularis.
2089 ... 9000' ... ?Pine Mountain? Troximon retrorsum. Asteraceae
2090 ... 0000' ... Transition Zone, upper chaparral belt. Mentzelia dispersa. Loasaceae.
2091 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork on broad open cañon floor (locally abundant).Phacelia ramosissima suffrutescens. Hyrdrophyllaceae.
2092 ... 0000' ...
2093 ... 7000''... Prairie Fork in moist ground bordering streams. Thalictrum polycarpum. Ranunculaceae.
2094 ... .
2095 ... .
2096 ... 0000' ... Canadian Zone, Heuchera abramsii. Saxifragaceae.
2097 ... .
2098 ... .
2099 ... .
2100 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork. "Locally abundant in marsh in a side cañon." Dodecatheon redolens. Primulaceae.

2106 ... 0000' ... Brown's Flat. Angelica tomentosa.
2131 ... 0000' ... Brown's Flat. Carex globosa.
2133 ... 5000' ... Brown's Flat. 9/1/1918. Monardella saxicola.
2137 ... 4300' ... Brown's Flat. 9/1/18. Corethrogyne filaginifolia pinetorum.
2138 ... 09/1/1918 ... Brown's Flat ... species not research discovered as yet
2139 ... 09/1/1918 ... Brown's Flat (4300') ... Monardella lanceolata glandulifera.
2144 ... 09/3/1918 ... San Joaquin Hills ... Potamogeton nodosus ... Lakes in Laguna Canyon. (Dud 87843.)
2145 ... 09/3/1918 ... Laguna Beach ... Zostera marina (eelgrass) ... Abundantly washed up on beach." (Dud 87893.)
2151 ... 09/3/1918 ... San Joaquin Hills ... Echinodorus cordifolius ...Laguna Canon (350'). (Dud 70737.)
2156 ... 10/5/1918 ... Chino (700'), in ditch. Aster bernardinus. CAS voucher (see appendix below)
2169 ... 06/x/1919 ... Upland (west of) on Santa Fe R.R. siding. Alliona nyctaginea Bull Torr. Bot. Club. 49(12):351, 1922.

2156 ... 10-05-1918 ... 0700' ... Aster bernardinus ... DUD #108912 ... "Chino, in ditch" ... Roy van de Hoek note on specimen = 3 stems on voucher sheet. 1 of 3 is a root base, 2 of 3 is 14" high flower stalk with leaves (3-pronged stalk), 3 of 3 is a 4-pronged flower stalk.

Pentstemon centranthifolius. "Common on the broad sandy floor of Prairie Fork, ascending the canon to over 6000 ft. alt."

Delphinium hesperium recurvatum. "Here, very likely, belongs the common larkspur noted in Prairie Fork of which we have seen only fruiting specimens."

Argemone platyceras. "In the Lower Transition it is is not uncommon in the sandy ground in Prairie Fork..."
Epicampes rigens. Poaceae. Lower edge of Transition Zone in Prairie Fork.

Heteromeles arbutifolia. Enters the pine belt in Prairie Fork and in San Antonio Cañon.

Malvastrum fremontii Torr. var. orbiculatum. (Greene) Johnston, comb. nov., M. orbiculatum Greene. A few scattered shrubs were found on the broad open gravelly floor of Prairie Fork, Lower Transition Zone, 5000-6750 ft. "Swartout Valley" acc. Abrams (Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 6:418, 1910).
Our plants differ from M. fremontii chiefly in their less densely woolly calyces and in their shorter bracts. M. davidsonii does not appear distinct. (No. 1673)

Lupinus formosus Greene. Common on dry slopes with the last and descending to the valleys.
We feel certain that there are too many forms referred to this species that a critical study will result in recognizing a large number of good varieties and perhaps even several good segregate species. In the San Antonio Mtns. we have observed several forms of this plant. In dry open ground in the lower parts of the pine belt the plants are very open, the leaflets linear, folded and covered with rather dense, long pubescence. The common form of the species, which has larger, broader and unfolded leaves has two well marked forms of inflorescence. In very dry sunny ground the racemes are elongated and few flowered, and the flowers have long pedicels, 5-10 mm. long. Contrasted with this form is the plant which has dense racemes of short pediceled, 2-4 mm. long, flowers. A plant is common in Prairie Fork which we place under this species with great hesitancy. The habit of growth is very different from the other forms referred here, it being erect and branching above. The racemes are short and of seemingly smaller, usually white, flowers. (Nos. 1269, 1469, 1488, 2086.)

Lupinus cytisoides Agardh. Abundant along the streams in the upper parts of Prairie Fork San Gabriel River and North Fork Lytle Creek, 6000-7500 ft. alt., Upper Transition Zone. In the lower Transition Zone it was only noted at 5400 ft. alt. in San Antonio Canon.

Lotus americanus (Nutt.) Bisch. Lower edge of the pine belt at 5000 ft. alt. in Prairie Fork.

Astragalus lentiginosus Dougl. var. Fremontii Wats. Frequent under the pines on the broad, dry sandy floor of Prairie Fork, ascending the canon to 6500 ft. alt. This and the next were determined by Prof. M.E. Jones. (No. 1655).

Astragalus bicristatus Gray. Growing with the last in Prairie Fork but also on the west end of Ontario Peak in Cascade Canon, where it is common under the pines, 6000-7000 ft. alt. Both stations are in thte Lower Transition Zone. (Nos. 1656, 2039, 2056.)

2083 ... 6000' ... Prairie Fork, frequent, and ridges surrounding it to 8500'. Crepis acuminata.
2084 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork in a small side cañon marsh (only location).Osmorhiza nuda. Apiaceae.
2085 ... .
2086 ... 6500' ... Prairie Fork? ... Lupinus formosus.
2087 ... .
2088 ... 7000' ... Prairie Fork, several large clumps in marsh in side canon. Senecio triangularis.

Juncus balticus which is an aquatic rush, was listed by Ivan Johnston as "common in a small pasture at the Native Son Mine" but he did not list the number so here is a plant that needs to be searched for in the herbarium of the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden. Another rush, Juncus xiphioides is listed as found "growing along the creek near the Native Son Mine, altitude 5000 feet" with a voucher number of #1684. Thus, a link between the numbers in the 1630s listed below connects to another exploration date at Native Son Mine with #1684. Looking at the vouchers at the herbarium will also give us the dates of his two visits to the Native Son Mine on the upper San Gabriel River. Ivan Johnston's quote: "small pasture at Native Son Mine" indicates that livestock have likely trampled, eaten, sat upon, and defecated (cow pies) on sensitive native plants in this unique riparian-marshy wetland habitat.

Doing a historical investigation of the Native Son Mine (John Robinson 1971) revealed this small gem of a quote by Robinson: "Prairie Fork was so-named because early settlers herded cattle there to feed on teh rich grasses." This quote seems plausible because Ivan Johnston recorded several grasses and forbs from Prairie Fork in 1917 and 1918. Robinson (1971) also added some additional history about Prairie Fork with the following quote: "It is said that two perpetrators of the 1857 Mormon Massacre in Utah built the first cabin in Prairie Fork, settling there to hide from the low." Robinson (1973) wrote about mining: Gold-bearing quartz was discovered here in thte 1890s. Originally there were seven claims, but around 1900 they were consolidated into the Native Son Mining Company. Six tunnels were bored into the mountainside, the longest of which was 750 feet. The mine working included a 3-stamp mill and a blacksmith shop. The Native Son's most active period extended from about 1900 to 1910, when $7000 in gold was recovered. The mine shut down around 1910, was briefly worked from 1917 to 1920, and has been idle since then." Ivan Johnston's field botany studies at Native Son Mine occured in 1917 and 1918, when John Robinson cited that the mine was briefly worked again on the "rock walls of Prairie Fork" (Robinson, 1971). Ivan Johnston may have encountered the miners. In any event, the entire spectrum of western U.S. history is present in the small geographic locale of Prairie Fork: ranching, mining, criminals, hiking trails, campgrounds, scientific natural history (botany), and federal public lands (National Forest). The opportunity for an environmental history investigation of this location is possible. The healing of the native flora and fauna has been occuring here for 85 years since ranching and mining have gone away. Therefore, Ivan Johnston's scientific field botany investigations in 1917 and 1918 are timely to have occurred at the end of the ranching/mining era. His research gives us a unique baseline for studies in enivronmental history, conservation biology, and restoration ecology. For example, perhaps native wildflowers need to be restored and recovered. Also, perhaps wildlife such as bats, swallows, frogs, and salamanders, can be restored and recovered into the old historic mining areas. Interestingly, a portion of the Prairie Fork area is now protected as the Sheep Mountain Wilderness as of the 1980s. It seems an ecological miracle that Ivan Johnston's research was published in Plant World, a precursor scientific journal for the professional ecologists with the Ecological Society of America. Ivan Jonston observed wetland plants (marsh, meadow, riparian vegetation) in an area that had been mined and ranched. His observations show that livestock grazing transitioned into mining on the Prairie Fork near the Native Son Mine. What would the pristine vegetation have been if the area was not livestock-grazed and gold-mined? We can discern this by a comparison of Ivan Johnston's baseline in 1917-1918 in a timeline to 2004-2005 since 80-100 years of healing this mountainous wetland landscape on the upper reaches of the San Gabriel River watershed at approximately one mile in elevation above sea level.

1630 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Agropyron tenerum. "Moist ground."
1631 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Eleocharis montana. "Marshy ground."
1632 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Luzula comosa. "Moist ground."

0000 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Sphaerostigma contortum. "Dry sandy ground.

1674 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Solidago confinis. "Wet ground."

1683 ... 7000' ... Native Son Mine ... Salix flavescens. "Moist ground along creeks."
1684 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Juncus xiphioides. "Growing along the creek."
1685 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Salix parishii. "Small meadow."

1704 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Rosa gratissima. "Thickets in moist meadow."
1705 ... 0000' ... Native Son Mine? ...
1706 ... 0000' ... Native Son Mine? ... .
1707 ... 0000' ... Native Son Mine? ... .
1708 ... 5000' ... Native Son Mine ... Gnaphalium chilense or Erigeron divergens. "Wet ground."

1900 (Second Year):
1442 ... 5500' ... Coldwater fork, Lytle Creek in dry rocky soil. Lomatium parishii.
1449 ... 5800' ... Lytle Creek Cañon. Mimulus palmeri.
1458 ... 6000' ... Lytle Creek Cañon. Mimulus rubellus.
1471 ... 5700' ... Lytle Creek, "north of San Antonio Peak 8500'". Prunus emarginata.
1494 ... 6700' ... Swartout Valley. Phacelia fremontii
1495 ... none ... Swartout Cañon. Frasera neglecta.(Type).
1497 ... 6700' ... Swartout Cañon. Allium burlewi.
1504 ... 6000' ... Swartout Valley. Fritillaria atropurpurea var. pinetorum. 1501 ... 6000' ... Swartout Valley. Phacelia mohavensis.
1513 ... 6200' ... Swartout Cañon. Prunus gratissima.
1529 ... 6800' ... summit of Swartout Cañon. Phlox douglasii.
1531 ... 6862' ... Swartout Valley. Astragalus parishii.
1532 ... 6800' ... Swartout Cañon. Tithymalus palmeri.
1543 ... 6000' ... Lytle Creek Cañon. Mimulus fremontii.
xxxx ... 5750' ... San Antonio Mts. Muhlenbergia 4:36, 1908. Delphinium hesperium.
xxxx ... 5500' ... Lytle Creek Cañon. Delphinium hesperium.
xxxx ... xxxx' ... Swartout Valley. Erigeron divergens. (Hall 1907, UC Pub 3:93).

Crepis nana Richards. "On the eastern side of Mt. San Antonio some three or four hundred feet below the summit, near a small snow field, along the Glen Ranch Trail," acc. Burlew (Bull. So. Cal. Acad. 16:13, 1917).

Ivan Johnston was born in 1898, so he was 21 years old by the time he completed this San Antonio Mountains florisitic monograph. More amazing is that he was just a teenager when he began ascending the San Gabriel Mountains in search of the unusual and rare and common native wildflowers, trees, and shrubs in the highest parts of the San Gabriel Mountains. When his Flora was published and Ivan Johnston graduated from Pomona State College, he moved to Berkeley to become a graduate student at the young age of 20 years old. He studied under the elder botanist, Dr. Willis Jepson. It is possible to discern when Ivan Johnston developed his keen interest in the Family Boraginaceae, including Heliotropium as shortly after he meets Jepson at UC Berkeley. At that University, we discover that Willis Jepson appreciated his knowledge and contribution by the following quote from Jepson in 1943, in volume 3, of his multivolume Flora of California.

Jepson wrote:
"In August, 1918, one of the author's graduate students at Berkeley came seeking advice as to the suitable piece of research in the field of systematic botany. To this student (later an investigator) was recommended the family Boraginaceae, especially as developed in western America, because it provides problems so profound as to furnish a challenge to the highest powers of observation, penetration, judgement and skill in the apprehension of genera of species. The following list of papers (citing only those relating to western America) in content and scope shows how far this research botanist has since traveled the road of "his beloved borages": Johnston,I.M., Restoration of genus Hackelia(Contrib.Gray Herb.68: 43-48, - 1923) ... " The quoted passage just scribed above was published by Willis Jepson with all its praises of Ivan Johnston 60 years ago. Three years later Jepson would pass away from the living Earth, and Ivan Johnston would continue to live until 1960, when he too would pass away from our living Earth. Both Willis Jepson and Ivan Johnston have left us a legacy about California native plants in terms of both the beautiful uniqueness of native plants and also in their scientific-educational awareness of evolution of species in California and the Earth.

I learn so much as I research early botanists and as I scribe and compile the reports of early naturalist-scientists such as those of Ivan Johnston and Willis Jepson, written 84 years ago, when he was a young man. After exploring the San Gabriel Mountains for native plants and in the lowlands of southern California, he later moved east to become a botanist at Harvard University. He left his home in southern California, but he made several return trips to southern California. He would go on to write many more important botanical reports and Floras of the tropical regions of South and Central America. He would also work on native floristic botany of islands, and become an expert in the family Boraginanceae, among others. While working on this Flora of the San Gabriel Mountains, he took time to visit the vernal pools atop Red Hill in Upland. In fact, one of the very first collecting trips as a young botanist was also to Upland, because he collected the low number of #52 for a Horkelia cuneata, which is curated in the New York Botanic Garden.

He also made collecting trips to other places of southern California. For example, he made at least two separate collecting trips to the Ballona wetlands because there is a #1336 from Ballona, according to Munz and Johnston (1925) in their article Potentillas of Southern California, in the Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Also, there is a #1900 collected at Playa del Rey as reported by Hall and Clements (1923) in their monograph of Carnegie Institute of Washington. At Ballona, on both visits he would have collected numerous plants, including that #1900, which is an unusual form of Lenscale, or Brewers Saltbush. His interest in wetlands also took him in 1924 to visit Baldwin Lake in the San Bernardino Mountains because he collected Potentilla anserina, which is in the herbarium at Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden.

Perhaps the most interesting narrative written by Ivan Johnston refers to a rare marshy area in the San Gabriel Mountains located on the Prairie Fork of the San Gabriel River. Today, we call these marshy and meadow areas with a new ecological habitat name as "wetlands." Some scientists call these places "hanging gardens." His description of this marshy wetland on Prairie Fork is found in the description of Dodecatheon jeffreyi, (Shooting Star), in the Family Primulaceae (Primrose Family) and is easily missed and barely discernable in the narrative text of his catalogue of plants. I present that brief description of a wetland in the San Gabriel Mountains for educational and scientific purposes as follows:
"One of most interesting discoveries in a small marsh which is located in a side cañon of Prairie Fork. The marsh has a rather steep pitch and as a result there are several well defined drainage channels in which the water comes nearer to the surface and the dense growth of fireweed and grasses is broken. In these mossy, water-saturated lanes this Dodecatheon grows. With it are Carex aurea celsa, C. sufusca, Juncus mertensianus, Sisyrinchium oreophilum, and Trifolium monanthum grantianum. The plant was devoid of any odor. The mouth of the side cañon in which the marsh is located is marked by a large, red, USFS tool -box. The marsh is at 7000 ft. alt. in the upper Transition Zone. (Nos. 1648, 2100)."

My contribution to this report is to have created a numerical and chronological system of the visits of Ivan Johnston, in order to conduct a unique ecological analysis. Just to show how the numerical numbering system is helpful, look at the sequence of Numbers 1390 to 1393, which represents a guild of species together. A search for Ivan Johnston archives will likely record additional information about rare plants of southern California and islands.

However, there are limits to the research potential of the numerical numbering system. For example, Ivan Johnston wrote on page 88 in a discussion about Argemone platyceras,the following description of the distribution on the Prairie Fork of the San Gabriel River: "In the Lower Transition it is not uncommon in the sandy ground in Prairie Fork..." Another example is Mentzelia laevicaulis, where Ivan Johnston (page 109) did not make a voucher specimen number but wrote descriptively that this member of the Loasaceae family being found on the Prairie Fork with its habitat as: "Dry sandy ground on both sides of the mountain. ... Collected also in the Upper Transition Zone at 8000 ft. at the Old Gold Ridge Mine." Note however that there is no Johnston Number (#) so it was collected by another botanical collector. Yet a third example is for the two species of cactus that occur in the San Gabriels, which Ivan Johnston did not collect, very likely due to the difficulty of making plant specimens.

In field studies of Ivan Johnston as he collected native plants in the San Gabriel Mountains, I discovered that he wrote about a marshy wetland in the mountains and listed the plants that he found there. The research into early naturalists such as Ivan Johnston can elucidate much about our history, geography, as well as guiding us to do restoration and recovery of damaged and lost natural ecosystems that existed before massive urbanization and the baby boom of soldiers and citizens with their new wives began moving to California after World War II, for the dream of a home, perennial sunshine, warm weather, and manicured beaches with palm trees planted there from different parts the world. The natural landscape disappeared at the coming of an artificial landscape. Now, 50 years later, a movement is coming into being in southern California to restore and recover the natural landscapes, such as along the Los Angeles River, San Gabriel River, Santa Ana River, and at wetlands such as Ballona, Bolsa Chica, Cerritos, Newport Bay, and many more places. Vernal pools in Costa Mesa, coastal sage scrub in the Baldwin Hills and Chino Hills, and grasslands and walnut woodlands at Debs Park and Griffith Park are all ventures that bring a geography of hope to southern California. The field work of naturalist-scientists such as Ivan Johnston and others will need to be researched again and again to know what the genuine aspects of recovery and restoration are for southern California and its natural landscape with a geography of hope.

Postcript: This project, thus far, has been a labor of love for a geography of hope. It is a new kind of research combination, ecological, biographical, and historical, to elucidate in this case, Ivan Johnston, his peers, colleagues, and mentors, his travels and ecology interest in explaining wetlands, namely the hillsides marshes and meadows.

California State Park Needed
for the
San Gabriel Mountains

Flora of the San Gabriel Mountains, by Ivan Johnston

A Taxonomic and Ecologic Study of the Flora of San Gabriel River Canyon, by James Robinson

Samuel Parish, 1917 vernal pool article that discusses Ivan Johnston at Red Hill in Upland on May 4, 1917.