The Red Planet
MARS

The image of Mars above was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope.  Mars is about half the size of the Earth.  It has frozen ice caps at the poles. The frozen ice is most likely frozen Carbon-Dioxide (CO2).  Frozen water may be underneath the CO2.  Mars once had an abundance of liquid water on the surface.  The planet at the present time is a dry desert-like planet because the water has somehow disappeared.  Some of the water could possibly be frozen under the polar ice caps.  The oxygen from the water may have bonded with iron on the surface to create IRON-OXIDE which we commonly know as "Rust".  This is the main cause of the color of the red surface on Mars.

Surface Map of Mars
The Cydonia region is where the famous but controversial  "FACE ON MARS" is located.
 

Is there an extraterrestrial Sphinx on Marsas revealed in official NASA photographs?
The Face on Mars in the Cydonia region

The Arid Mars Surface
This is how the present day Martian surface looks like.  Dry, arid and lifeless.
 

When Mars had Water
This is what Mars could have looked like millions of years ago when liquid water flowed throughout the surface of Mars and carved out lakes, river beds and Grand Canyons.  I transformed the picture of Mars above into this one using VISTA PRO landscaping software. Ma
 

                              
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