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Evidence shows these dates may be older................

Loup A Eastern Algonquian bloc. We have a language with many dialects. A language split by the Iroquois and thier European allies and again by the Americans.

There is no early historic culture in this area that was bounded on the east by the Connecticut river or on the west by the Hudson (they used the highlands as bounderies and water drainages as centers). Many sources insist that there was a "Wappinger" "Loup" that existed as a political or cultural enity that spoke three different dialects (Hence the three clan system). By a.d.1600 they had been broken up by European disease and intervention.

The Europeans usinging rivers, echuaries and the sound as bounderies but the people here used the water system as centers and the highlands as bounderies.

River and saltwater people. Pocumtuck (Pokomoke City) a place name but it's the Patomic river a paradox. Maybe not really, they would be highland people (or people who were ignorant of this concept).

This language must be remembered it cannot be taught its etymology lost to the science of technology.

The story of Wall Street NYC NY. The Dutch colonists had started pig farming. The Indians uneducated of the european concept of ownership of land, thought that the pigs were wild and began hunting them. The colonists captured the Indians and forced them to build a rock wall to teach them of the new concept. A street was built on top of it later, Wall Street.

In Somers Ct. the indians gave some land in good faith to the colonists with one stipulation that they never build rock walls on the land. There is a prison there now.

Old NewGate Prison ct the oldest prison in America. Andews was held prisoner by the British during the revolutionary war along with indians. The indians described thier own form of government to him, he wrote it down and he gave it to Thomas Jefferson. The first draft of the bill of rights and the US Constitution.

Long Tidal River

Bjarni Herjulfson (986 AD).

Lief Ericson (1000 AD.. Slateland; Helluland. Markland, Woodland, Vinland the Good.

Thorvald Ericson ,brother war with the Scralings. Died.

Thorstein Ericson, Gudrid (wife).

Thortfinn Karlsefni (1007 AD) Odenistic love story with Sharro Helgi Finnbogi.

DeForest Connecticut Indians from the Norwegean Archeology Society.

The northern Iroquoians split from the Cherokee about 3500-3800 years ago.

Algonquians were a single speech community 4000-4300 years which linguists call proto-Algonquian.

The eastern Algonquian languages have diverged from its origen for about 2000 years.

Algonquian and many Southeastern (Gulf) languages have a comon protolanguage and split 5000-6000 years ago.

Etchemin is the name of the Maliceet-Passamaquoddy language group New Brunswic and Maine. (a.d.1600) about 500 years ago.

Sokoki (Vermont) upper Connecticut dranage and people of the upper Merrimack. Western Abenaki language though most lost a.d1600.

Eastern Abenaki western and centeral Maine. Only Penobscott dialect has survived.

After the 1600s the Iroquois/Mowhawk Language dominated the much of the area probably with the help of the Europeans.

It is not clear that the Rhode Island Narraganset were distinct a culture or language in 1600.

Southeastern New England to costal areas of New Hampshire had a number of dialects described as Massachusett a solid block of groups Pawtucket, Pokanoket, Wompanog, Nantucket, and Nauset a.d1400.

The middle lattitude portion of Connecticut, Pocumtucket a village, There was no Pocumtuck confederacy and it along with Penobscott has grown to mean something other than those who have coined it. They spoke a language called "Loup A". They probably shared a language with the people called the Nipmunk

The southern portion of Connecticut to the central Long Island called Quiripi dialect Connecticut Rhode Island/Unquachog dialect Long island. There are many names in local litrature that refer to this larger enity.

The Thames drainage held the Mohegan-Pequot-Montauk to ensure the inclusion of Long Island this a convenient term to refer to either the language or the culture of the people who spoke it. Western and Eastern niantic little is known. It is not sure if thier language is closer related to each other as to thier language.

The Mahican lived in the middle upper drainage of the Hudson not to be confused with the Coopers imaginary Mohicans in fact the people of Mass, Ct, RI form a block with many comon features distinct from Munsee and Mahican.

Munsee was spoken in the southern Hudson drainage, Delaware drainage, and on western Long Island.

The costal Algonquians were in spardoic contact with Europeans through much of the a.d.1500s. Casual readers, and people hiding the truth will be surprised to discover that upon landing on Plymouth Rock (in 1620) the Pilgrims were greeted in English by an indian named Samoset who said, "Welcome, Englishmen."

1602 Gosnold, In his voyage he encountered Indians in european clothes rowing about in a Basque shallop, and others capable to toss off English phrases such as "How now are you so saucie with my Tabacco?" (Archer 1843).

By the time of the English there had been much European intervention.

Many migratory people carried thier dead with them and burried them where they planed to settle. If you look at many ancient burial sites you can see a distinct X .For the europeans lined thier graves east to west as where the older pre 13th century they lined South East. to South West. its strange to think of the generations buried until the line crossed probably around the 1600s.

It is now accepted that Basque, Portuguese, English, Brenton, and Norman fisherman frequented the northeast coast through the a.d.1500s. However, the earliest of these carried thier own salt for packing thier fish and did not have contact only for compelling reasons forced them to reach land and seek help.

Only after a.d.1560, when beaver firs were in heavy demand. did they set up drying stations on land and economic reasons did they trade. New York was set up by the dutch as a business venture. It didnt even have a church till 100 years later.

The fishing vessels had small crews and the passage long,

Columbus's Nina had a crew of 22 look at the damage they did.

Calbot's Mathew that sailed that same decade carried 18.

Verrazzano 1524 crossing only took a month and a half

After a.d.1600 Champlain was accompanied by more than 100 men, it took less than a month.

Small pox filled blankets were given to the indians as bio warfare even though the incubation period is 8 to 10 days The Indians from 1500 to 1600 probably suffered numerous losses.

It has to be rememberd these europeans have come from a violent place armed with Chinese technology.

Hudson observed many empty villages.

Dixon Among The New Jersey Indians is a Fictional children's story.

There are no vanishing races, no myserious Mound Builders; no wandering Welshmen, Lost Tribes of Israel, Irish Monks, German ironmongers, Scandinavian intruders...,No aliens from outer space as our origen or Phoenicians around Lebanon, Pennsylvania. No angels and golden tablets in New York. These concepts of the 18th and 19th centuries, with unfortunate hangovers up to the present, where a product of of the ignorance and superstition of that period. Although Archeology in new england is rich in sober research it is also dubiously rich in lies and nonsence.

The second guise of New England's myth comes from ethnographic comparisons. Myths of Old World people show the benighted how to pile rocks or engage in some other activity of higher civilation.

Now we come to the great hoax of these Casino Indians.

These Myths are numerous

Algonquian is not derived from Norse.

Indians have fought beside the Americans in the Revolutionary War. The Sewan fought beside the English (the lesser of two evils or invaders). Just as as us in the states were attacked on 9/11 we are now the fiercest warriors and will make any attempt to retain our home land.

Dighton Rock mouth of the Tawton River. Mass. owned by the Portuguese Historical society.

The revised intrest in Vikings has a new round of imagninative runology. Plow scared markers and rocks to steam shovel scared rock faces became Norse wrighting

Scottish Knight Westford Mass.The Iroquois wear kilts but they are'nt Scots.

N Salem NH slab stone huts promoted as pre viking Irish monestary . Archeologic evidence points to an old 19th century farmer with bizzar architectual taste.

Stone behive caves built as trappings in the 1880s to 1930s

Galeic slaves under PHOENICIANS in cornwall England (William Goodwin Hartford 1930's) 5 twentith century men can sail does not mean that Tenth century men could.

Irish Christians St Columbia (Culdies) 450 AD.

Antonio Zeno 1400 AD Nicolo Zeno.

A Farmer, Schoolcraft, Chingwauk.

Corte: Gaspar Corterreal (1501 AD). Miguel Cortereal II (1502 AD) (Pukanokets).

John Grey (1564) Orlando Green, P.R. Ripley

Macimoodus noise between Saybrook Middletown Dr. Steel May 16, 1791

A garnet was swallowed with a cabin by Mt Tom Bantam (-antam: The attitude of being satisfied in mind), indians warned the man not gather the huge garnet.

Hobamokko: Natural disaster diety. ceremonys, lasting three weeks or more, at this Mt Tom.

mon-do-min an ancient warrior, corn maze.

sha-wain-ne-me-shin, great spirit

keche-no-din, spirit of the wind

A lake of white stones assa wampsett lake, wemasker river

Carbuncle Hill Coventry RI giant serpent slain with a red jewel on its head called a carbuncle. the jewel saved the people by glowing red to warn of danger. Then it was thrown into the pond.

Hokkomando and the season spring and a coal in the village of Ay-mon-on.

Verrazzano,

Captian De Vries bought fromThe overlaping London Company Discuised as Indians and Plymouth Company discuised as Puritans Manattten island.

Daniel Gookin Historic colleceion of indians.

Try to speak these words in a deep nasal tone.

Hadree Succome: we come to suck your blood.

Nippitchewo: let him die

Ototeman: Breatheren Kinship

Pamola:The thunderbird diety

Keag: Place

Hubbub: a game with 5 small bones in a wooden tray.

Puims: A game with 5 sticks.

Suequonnocqock: 5 sleeps

Nequittata sucqunnocquack: 6 sleeps.

Enottata: 5 sleeps.

Aquit-appause: A month.

Pottery: quanooask (wiskq,wisq,wishq,wensq, a dish pot or vessel) (nukkonishquadt old pottery) (weaskq, a dish made of a squash gourd)

Write: wussukhom

He writes: wusskuum

I write it: ahque wussukkuhhum

Dance: pumukau

Destitute: wanne

Pothlatch: a dance in which the dancer sets out all of thier worldly possessions and dances until all of it is taken most lasted a very long time.

Tabuttantam: Thank

Tapi: It is sufficent

-antam: The attitude of being satisfied in mind

Taubotneanauayean: I Thank you

Khunepeam: You are welcome

Fish: Poodop, namohs, auman (the root name of many fish), ketahhannamaquog (fishes of the sea), howamagquet(anyfish), poduumbaug (whale), aquaunduut (blue fish), anishamog (codfish), pakonnotam (haddock), qunnamaug (lamprey).

Muttasash: Leggings

Kuttabotomish: I Thank you

Wo'shwetashine: Open Door

Wawesuck: Young Pine Tree

Nehnouah: We

Ninnuock: The People

Pasog: Turtle

Munnoh: Island

Wamesit: There is space for all

Askooke: snake

Cook: Ground or soil

Bachiyuyu: Come here

Wauontam: wise man

Wunnaumwayeh: Englishmen

Kutchimmoke: Be of good cheer

Phieses: Warrior

Sannup: Men

Ototeman: Brethren kinship

Wunnennashanant: Breathing pleasantly

Sipi: Water

Nipi: Water

Massa: Large

Paug: Fresh water

Tegu: River

Moske: Bear

Msqui: Red

Naumas: Fish

Achu: Hilly ground

Keag: place

Manitoo: It is more than or something that surpasses

Keesuckquand: Sun diety

Neiapas: Grandfather

Neipasha: Grandmother

Wompanand: Eastern diety

Checksuwand: Western diety

Sowwanand: Southern diety

Wunnanameanit: Northern diety

Kechenodin: Diety of the wind

Okwahn: The earth

Wequai: light (wequashim, moonlight) (wequaiaj, letlight be) (mo'wequai, there was light) fishing with a lantern or a torch.

Wequananteg: lantern

Pantam: Sacred

Tenagen: Plant

Cedar: chikkup

child: mukki

Kiehtan: Spirit of the southwest (where all go when they die to knock on the manitoo's lodge door, he is the door keeper of where we come from).

Hobomock: All of the spirits

Michachunk: Soul

Wetumanit: Guardian of the house

Paumpagussit: Sea diety

Yotanit: Fire diety

Muinwa: Rain diety

Manibozho: diety for children

Squauanit, Squant or Squantam: Patron spirit of women.

Muckquachuckquand: Patron spirit of children.

Manitto: something that surpasses

Wautuckquas: Rabbit

Wauontam: Wise man

Miawene: Council

Wapink: Opposum

Romanizing: The early Euro painters took liberty in painting the indians by distorting thier noses into a broader angular "romanesq'" beak looking noses.

Quatchet: to be let or left out side of the Manitu's lodge. (There is no real english translation for this metaphysical science)

Chief Coumpounce: used a kettle upon his head to breathe underwater at lake coumpounce he had a path under there until one day he didnt come back up.

There's a Samuel mason,civilian, killed at northampton 20aug1678. A captain hugh mason of watertown, who led a force of soldiers along the sudbury river 18-21apr1676 against raiding indians who had earlier burned lancaster and groton. a marker is sited on us rte 20 locating his repeated charges which were foiled and his force w/drew to join cpt. wadsworth & other units at theGoodnow Garrison House, and valiently re-engaged w/ augmented relief from brookfied under cpt edward cowell and w/corporal soloman phipps' troops from charlestown. see:King Philip's War by schultz & tougias. 1704, after deerfield massacre, a force of 100 pequots,mohegans and niantics, furnished subsistence by MA and per diem by Conn. under Maj. samuel mason of stonington, Conn. operated as guerillas were about to be posted at winnipesaukee, and ifeelinh too exposed there were marshalled at berwick instead to protect the eastern approaches to the northern conn. valley. see: The boarder Wars of NE, by samuel adams drake. Remember that by 1704 RI and Conn. just plain DID NOT get along. No check of Coo. mil. service shows a john mason except on, a seaman, in French & Indian wars, 1755-1763. RI records at Pequot w. time are a list of bills for reimbursement, so you have to look at each page. No john Mason in Mass. records.

. Theres a good account written by Lion Gardiner, first hand. He was there with Mason and Underhill.

There's also another account Stubborn for Liberty Mason was made military commander after the war. The account seems to be one of bravery and strategy. We often hear of the pillaging of the Indians and in other accounts (Ceci) it all seems to be a ploy to gain control of the sewan, but can you just imagine the fear in those settlers in those 3 otposts on the Connecticut (river) who were seeing their loved ones ficked off one by one or more..the fear they must have had...and the war was no done deal..it was the Indians-pequats who had the forts.