Harriet Crossland (1838 - 1924)

FATHER:
MOTHER:
SPOUSE:
OFFSPRING:
John Crossland (b.1810)
Ann Townend (b.1816)
Thomas Robinson (b.1845)
George Emms
Herbert Crossland (b.1863)
Jane Crossland (b.1866)
Ann Robinson (b.1869)
Harriet Robinson (b.1871)
Elizabeth A. Robinson (b.1877)
BIRTH: 26 November, 1838 - George Yard, Barnsley, Yorkshire
MARRIAGE: 7 June 1868 - St. Mary's Church, Barnsley
8 October 1888 - Probably in Barnsley
DEATH: 2 November 1924 - Stocks Lane, Barnsley
KNOWN ADDRESSES: George Yard, Barnsley - 1841
14 School Street, Barnsley - 1881
29 Grace Street, Barnsley - 1891
45 Rock Street, Barnsley - 1901
14 Stocks Lane, Barnsley - 1924
BIOGRAPHY:
Harriet Crossland was born in 1838 in Barnsley. Her parents were John and Ann Crossland.

Harriet appears to have two children before marrying (Herbert and Jane Crossland in 1863 and 1866 respectively). In June 1868 Harriet married Thomas Robinson, who was a painter, and seven months later she gave birth to their daughter, Ann Robinson. Two years later they had another daughter, Harriet, in January 1871. Apparently Harriet claimed that Jane should have been called Robinson, not Crossland, so it is likely that Thomas was the father. It is not clear who fathered Herbert.

Thomas Robinson died of consumption on 13 July 1873 at the address they shared with her parents (14 School Street). He was a 27 years old father of two or three. The following census 8 years later in 1881 records Harriet as a 'pauper' and she still lives with her parents on School Street. The household was a big one and consisted of; John and Ann Crossland (Harrient's parents), Harriet herself, Jane, Ann, Harriet and Elizabeth (Harriet's children), Sam and Eliza Crossland (Harriet's brother and his wife) and Andrew Crossland (their child and Harriet's nephew.) It is expected that these living conditions were responsible for the many deaths the family suffered to consumption.

In October 1888 Harriet married George Emms who was from Diss, Suffolk. The 1891 census records Harriet and George living at 29 Grace Street, Barnsley with Harriet's 13-year-old daughter, Elizabeth Ann Robinson. George was also a widow, his first wife being Rebecca who died in November 1887, aged 53.

George died before the 1901 census as Harriet is living on Rock Street, Barnsley, with her grandson, James Crossland. I assume he is a son of Harriet's son, Herbert. She records her occupation as Linen Yarn Winder. Harriet died on 2 November 1924 and intriguingly was buried 4 days later in the same grave as her first husband, Thomas Robinson, who had died fifty-one years earlier (Grave Q854, Barnsley Cemetary).

IMAGES: (click to enlarge)

St. Mary's Church in Barnsley where
Harriet and Thomas married in 1868.

Harriet Crossland in the 1881 census.

Harriet Emms in the 1901 census,
living with her grandson, James Crossland.
HISTORICAL EVENTS:
1841 - SIR ROBERT PEEL (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister for the second time.
1843 – THE POLICE FORCE FOUNDED. Policeman were often called ‘Bobbies’ and ‘Peelers’ in reference to the then Prime Minister, Sir Robert Peel.
1846 – REPEAL OF THE CORN LAWS, thus enabling a greater amount of trade.
1846 – EARL JOHN RUSSELL (Liberal) becomes Prime Minister.
1852 – EDWARD GEORGE GEOFFREY SMITH STANLEY, EARL OF DERBY (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister.
1852 – GEORGE HAMILTON GORDON, EARL OF ABERDEEN (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister in a coalition cabinet.
1854 – BRITAIN JOINS WITH FRANCE IN THE CRIMEAN WAR aimed at blocking Russia’s access to the Mediterranean. The war lasts until 1856.
1855 – HENRY JOHN TEMPLE, VISCOUNT PALMERSTON (Liberal) becomes Prime Minister.
1858 - EDWARD GEORGE GEOFFREY SMITH STANLEY, EARL OF DERBY (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister for the second time.
1859 - HENRY JOHN TEMPLE, VISCOUNT PALMERSTON (Liberal) becomes Prime Minister for the second time.
1859 – CHARLES DARWIN PUBLISHES HIS GREAT WORK, “ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION” to diverse public opinion. In it he puts forth the view that animals are not created individually, but rather, that they evolve through a process he calls natural selection.
1861 – OUTBREAK OF THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR. Though having no direct affect on Britain since America had severed colonial ties, the lack of raw cotton shipped from North America to Northern England sent many into unemployment.
1865 - EARL JOHN RUSSELL (Liberal) becomes Prime Minister for the second time.
1866 - EDWARD GEORGE GEOFFREY SMITH STANLEY, EARL OF DERBY (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister for the third time.
1867 – SECOND REFORM BILL OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS gave the vote to most urban male workers.
1868 – BENJAMIN DISRAELI, EARL OF BEACONSFIELD (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister.
1868 – WILLIAM GLADSTONE (Liberal) becomes Prime Minister.
1870 – EDUCATION ACT IS PASSED providing the establishment of government schools and for compulsory education.
1874 - BENJAMIN DISRAELI, EARL OF BEACONSFIELD (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister for the second time.
1876 – ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL SENDS A VOICE MESSAGE AND THE TELEPHONE IS INVENTED. The first words that were clearly heard by the recipient were, “Watson, come here, I want you”, heard by his assistant, Mr Watson in Brantford, Ontario, Canada.
1880 - WILLIAM GLADSTONE (Liberal) becomes Prime Minister for the second time.
1884 – FURTHER REFORMS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS gives the vote to almost all adult males.
1885 – ROBERT ARTHUR TALBOT GASCOYNE-CECIL, MARQUIS OF SALISBURY (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister.
1886 - WILLIAM GLADSTONE (Liberal) becomes Prime Minister for the third time.
1886 - ROBERT ARTHUR TALBOT GASCOYNE-CECIL, MARQUIS OF SALISBURY (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister for the second time.
1892 - WILLIAM GLADSTONE (Liberal) becomes Prime Minister for the fourth time.
1894 – ARCHIBALD PHILIP PRIMROSE, EARL OF ROSEBERY (Liberal) becomes Prime Minister.
1895 - ROBERT ARTHUR TALBOT GASCOYNE-CECIL, MARQUIS OF SALISBURY (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister for the third time.
1899 – BRITAIN ENTERS THE BOER WAR in South Africa against Dutch and German forces. The war lasts until 1902. Popular opinion at home is against the war and the effect is that further colonial expansion is not favored.
1901 – EDWARD VII ASCENDS THE THRONE following the death of his mother, Queen Victoria, Britain’s longest serving monarch. Edward is the eldest son of Victoria and Albert and marks the start of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.
1902 – ARTHUR JAMES BALFOUR (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister.
1905 – SIR HENRY CAMPBELL-BANNERMAN (Liberal) becomes Prime Minister.
1908 – HERBERT HENRY ASQUITH (Liberal) becomes Prime Minister.
1910 – GEORGE V ASCENDS THE THRONE following the death of his father, Edward VII. George is Edward’s second son.
1914 – BILL GRANTING HOME RULE TO IRELAND BECOME LAW.
1914 – WORLD WAR I, the Great War, starts.
1916 – DAVID LLOYD GEORGE (Liberal) becomes Prime Minister.
1917 – GEORGE V CHANGES THE NAME OF THE ROYAL HOUSE FROM SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA TO WINDSOR.
1918 – UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE ACT PASSED giving the vote to women over thirty years old.
1918 – WORLD WAR I ENDS.
1920 – GOVERNMENT OF IRELAND ACT PASSED, superseding an earlier unacceptable act. Six of the nine counties of Ulster are to be known as Northern Ireland while the other three and the provinces of Connaught, Munster and Leinster are to form the Irish Free State. Northern Ireland is given its own parliament and permitted to send representatives to Westminster while the Irish Free State is given a similar status to that of Britain’s commonwealth. The Irish Free State ceases to be part of the United Kingdom from early 1922.
1922 – ANDREW BONAR LAW (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister.
1923 – ALBERT EINSTEIN’S THEORY OF RELATIVITY discards the concept of absolute motion and instead treats only relative motion between two systems or frames of reference. One consequence of the theory is that space and time are no longer viewed as separate, independent entities but rather are seen to form a four-dimensional continuum called space-time. Einstein also sought unsuccessfully for many years to incorporate the theory into a unified field theory valid also for subatomic and electromagnetic phenomena.
1923 – STANLEY BALDWIN (Conservative) becomes Prime Minister.
1924 – JAMES MACDONALD (Labour) becomes Prime Minister.

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