Rebellions

While the Soviets reigned over much of Asia and Eastern Europe for the majority of the twentieth century, not everyone was happy with the Soviet government and way of life in their country. After World War II, the Soviets imposed their will on many Eastern European countries, which became known collectively as the Eastern Bloc. However, this was not met with open arms, and in 1948 Yugoslavia completely broke with the Soviet Union. In 1956, during Nikita Khrushchev’s de-Stalinization program, Poland and Hungary demanded more independence. Hungary even broke into open and armed resistance, but was eventually crushed under the strength of Soviet tank and troop divisions. In 1968 many student led rebellions occurred in the West, which inspired a spirit of rebellion in the Prague Spring, during which Communist Party reformers attempted to introduce new reforms which were specifically designed to “put a human face on socialism.” However, Soviet forces moved into Czechoslovakia and completely crushed the minor reforms. Throughout the twentieth century Poland was also a so called thorn in the Soviet’s side. One aspect of this division was the long-standing hate between the two countries. Additionally, the Communist Party was never able to completely break the independent power of the Catholic Church, or even for that matter fully impose collectivized farming. Regardless of this however, Poland was still repressed under a bureaucratic and economically insufficient system. In 1980, a labor union named Solidarity was formed in the Gdansk Shipyard. It was led by an electrician by the name of Lech Walesa, who later became the president of Poland (when it became independent). Solidarity became important in the quest for Polish independence. While it did not directly challenge Soviet authority, it instead was determined to be heard. After the USSR collapsed in 1989, Solidarity became one of the leading political parties in Poland.




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