Sugarcane screening for tolerance to paraquat

Montana Suriyawongpongsa

Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900

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Weed is one of the problems that cause low yield in sugarcane production in Thailand.  Using sugarcane cultivars tolerant to herbicides is an interesting method to solve the problem.  As glyphosate and paraquat are widely used and effective herbicides, the screening of sugarcane cultivars tolerant to these herbicides was conducted under nursery and by tissue culture techniques.  Stem cutting of 15 sugarcane cultivars were planted in nursery and treated with 4 levels of herbicides 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 kg ai/rai of glyphosate and paraquat.  The experimental designs were using factorial in RCBD with 3 replications.  The results revealed that the suitable characters for screening of both herbicides tolerance by considering comparative value and S>D> of each character was fresh weight and dry weight, in which the suitable concentrations of glyphosate were 1.0 and 1.5 kg ai/ha and that of paraquat was 0.5 kg ai/ha.  Callus of the same 15 sugarcane cultivars as used in nursery screening were used in screening by tissue culture techniques.  The concentrations of glyphosate were 0, 500, 750, 1,000, and 1,500 cc/60L of water and those of paraquat were 300, 450, 600, and 900 cc/60L of water.  The results revealed that the cultivars tolerant to herbicides by considering fresh weight and dry weight of callus at every concentrations were coincided with that by considering growth and characters of callus.  Moreover, the cultivars tolerant to glyphosate and paraquat screened by tissue culture technique were coinciding with the cultivars screened under nursery considering fresh weight and dry weight.  The sugarcane cultivars tolerant to glyphosate were KPS96-5-15 and KPS95-3-5 and the cultivars tolerant to paraquat were KPS96-5-15 and KPS94-12-13 in which KPS96-5-15 was considered to tolerant to both glyphosate and paraquat.

 

 

 

SCherbicide