Data base management of indigenous and exotic glutinous corn

Wilaiwan Phromkum1 Sukapong Vavuparp1

Piengphen Sorawat2 Boongue Poosri1

1 Chai Nat Field Crops Research Centre e-mail : cnfcrc@se-ed.net

2. Khon Kaen Field Crops Research Centre e-mail : kkfcrc@kknet.co.th

……………………………………………………

Plant genetic resources is the most valuable resources, particularly for plant breeding to improve yielding ability and improve quality to suit our need. At present, natural plant genetic resources were damaged by both natural erosion (e.g. drought, flooding, bush fire, and etc) and human activities such as change of forest area to cropping area. Plant breeder and geneticist are try to conserve these genetic resources in it natural form, but it is so difficult. Therefore, collected and characterized these native varieties and keep it in the safe place or exchange among plant breeder to make use of it for plant improvement is more beneficial to human.

Waxy corn (including glutinous corn) are native corn of Thailand. Thai farmers grow these corn for a long time (more than several centuries). It is believed that waxy corn’s origin is in the southern part of China through Loas and upper part of Thailand. There are many waxy corn varieties in Thailand with high variation in ear size, kernel colour, maturity, and others characters.

These study characterize waxy corn that collected through out Thailand and keep the data in data base management, at the same time regenerated the interesting varieties, keep the seed in the safe place for future used. Some interesting characters are present in Table 1

Table 1 Some important characters of waxy corn collected through out Thailand, in 2002

Variety

Ear size(cm)

# of rows

# kernel

Kernel

Silk

Culm

1000 Kernel

Width

Length

per ear

per row

colour

colour

Colour

wt. (gm)

Sunkaline Ayudhaya

5.4

8.3

16

16

W

R

LG

238.2

Kaoneaw Ayudhaya

4.1

11.7

14

24

W

LG

LG

227.9

Kaoneaw Padetaew Sing-Buri

4.0

9.1

8

21

W

Y

R

254.6

Kaoneaw Nakhon Prathom

3.5

12.0

10

25

W

R

LG

203.3

Talai-Kanyao

4.2

11.5

12

23

W

P

LG

262.8

Talai Angthong

4.6

14.5

14

28

W

P

G

254.0

Kaoneaw Angthong

4.0

9.5

12

19

W

P

LG

240.2

Kaoneawsuan

4.8

11.0

18

23

W

P

LG

-

Talai-Kanyao Lop-Buri

3.9

11.5

16

29

W

Y

Y

185.2

Kaoneaw-Lopburi # 1

3.3

12.0

8

24

W

P

R

241.6

Kaoneaw-Lopburi # 2

4.5

10.4

14

22

W

P

G

235.7

Kaoneaw-Lopburi # 3

4.7

11.0

14

26

W

P

G

263.1

Kaoneaw-Nakhonsawan # 1

3.9

8.0

16

22

W

P

LG

185.9

Kaoneaw-Nakhonsawan # 2

3.6

9.3

10

20

W

R

G

177.3

Krabngu Nakhonsawan

3.7

12.5

12

30

W

R

LG

101.3

E-loan Utai-Thani

4.5

12.5

14

26

W

R

R

250.9

Kasikorn Lak 6 Pratum-Thani

3.8

13.0

12

33

W

R

G

191.9

Talai # 26

4.1

11.0

12

25

W

P

G

214.4

Kasetkao

4.3

9.2

10

21

W

P

Y

254.1

Philippines glutinous # 20

4.3

11.5

12

22

W

P

LG

251.7

Glutinous DMR Composite

3.9

10.7

10

21

W

P

G

276.9

Glutinous DMR Composite Population # 41 B

5.1

12.0

18

24

W

P

G

226.3

Glutinous DMR Composite Population # 41 C

4.7

13.0

14

24

W

P

G

210.3

Glutinous Synthetic # 22

4.1

12.0

14

28

W

P

G

186.7

Macapuno Philippines

4.2

9.5

20

21

W

P

LG

246.1

Kaoneaw Suphan Wangtha Amphore Sripajan # 1

4.6

13.1

14

28

W

P

Y

226.5

Kaoneaw Suphan Wangtha Amphore Sripajan # 2

3.9

10.2

14

24

P

R

LG

194.2

Kaoneaw Huajuk Amphore Thabor Nongkai

4.3

10.2

14

22

W

P

Y

199.0

Kaoneaw Amphore Thabor Nongkai

3.6

8.7

12

19

W

P

LG

160.2

Kaoneaw Baanpang Udorn-Thani

4.0

10.0

10

20

Y

P

LG

163.7

Kaopordtein(kaopordnoi) Khonkaen

2.5

11.3

8

28

Y

P

G

166.4

Kaopordtein(kaopordlang) Khonkaen

2.7

10.1

8

30

W

P

LG

155.7

Kaopordkao Paktai

3.2

9

8

22

W

P

LG

155.0

Teinlueng Nakhonsawan

4.1

9.9

12

26

W

P

LG

166.3

Note: W = White; Y = Yellow; R = Red; P = Purple; G = Green; LG = Light green.

Note: W = White; Y = Yellow; R = Red; P = Purple; G = Green; LG = Light green.

 

 1