Yield stability of single cross corn hybrids grown on paddy field in dry season.

Sukapong Vayuparp1 Chamnan Chutkaew3 Teerasak Manupeerapan2 and Rangsarit Kaveeta3

1 Chai Nat Field Crops Research Centre, Field Crops Research Institute, Department of Agriculture.

2 Field Crops Research Institute, Department of Agriculture.

3 Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University.

Corn is one of the most important economic cereals of Thailand and was ever exported to oversea market, but in the present, it was imported to use in animal feed industrial. The government tries to solve this problem by encouraging the farmers to produce corn grain on paddy field.

The objective of this experiment was to examine the yield stability of single cross corn hybrids planted under irrigated area of off-season paddy field in the dry season, after rice was harvested, in order to increase corn production.

Twenty single cross corn hybrids were used in a randomised complete block design with 4 replications. Six experimental sites were Sukhothai and Phitsanulok province (lower northern part), Loei and Nakhon Ratchasima provinces (north-eastern) and two sites in Chai Nat province (central part).

The Analysis of variance showed that mean square of genotype and environment interaction was significant (Table 1). It also indicate that, the yield of corn hybrids tested variably under the environments

Table1 Analysis of variance for linear regression of corn yield grown on 6 paddy fields in

2000 dry season.

SOV

d.f.

S. S.

M. S.

Genotype (G)

19

  

63.1

3.32

Environment (E)

5

  

59.7

11.93**

G x E

95

  

32.46

0.34*

GxE Regression

19

  

5.88

0.31

Hy #1

  

4

0.54

0.13

Hy #2

  

4

1.05

0.26

Hy #3

  

4

0.64

0.16

Hy #4

  

4

0.35

0.08

Hy #5

  

4

0.84

0.21

Hy #6

  

4

0.86

0.21

Hy #7

  

4

0.91

0.23

Hy #8

  

4

1.84

0.46

Hy #9

  

4

0.39

0.09

Hy #10

  

4

0.49

0.12

Hy #11

  

4

2.19

0.56

Hy #12

  

4

0.88

0.22

Hy #13

  

4

0.14

0.03

Hy #14

  

4

0.52

0.13

Hy #15

  

4

0.12

0.03

Hy #16

  

4

1.05

0.26

Hy #17

  

4

0.72

0.18

Hy #18

  

4

11.10

2.77

Hy #19 (NSX 72)

  

4

0.57

0.14

Hy #20

  

4

1.37

0.34

Pooled deviation

80

  

26.59

0.33

Total

119

155.30

1.31

The results revealed that Hybrid # 9, that developed from inbred SW3 (S6) 3-3-2 and CT 108 (S6) 20-1-1 yielded 927 kg/rai compared to 752 kg/rai of the check, NSX 72 (Table 2). The regression coefficient (b) and deviation from regression (S2di) were equal to 1.31ns and 0.09 ns as compared to b = 0.84 ns and S2di = 0.14**, of the check, NSX 72 (Table 3).

Table 2 Average yield (kg/rai) of single cross corn hybrids tested on 6 environments on

paddy field in 2000 dry season.

Entry No.

Yield (kg/rai)

Mean
 

CN

PL

SSR

BMS

DKL

Loei

  

Hy # 5

905

1,022

798

721

1,311

985

957

Hy # 20

943

1,124

905

792

1,145

704

935

Hy # 9

881

968

869

785

1,282

780

927

Hy # 17

804

1,043

781

573

1,239

783

871

Hy # 16

723

971

836

733

1,010

886

860

Hy # 6

756

936

679

803

1,148

798

853

Hy # 2

1,000

829

761

643

1,114

748

849

Hy # 15

903

890

751

738

1,023

791

849

Hy # 13

859

916

771

690

1,082

699

836

Hy # 7

773

939

754

879

948

718

835

Hy # 10

754

899

758

706

1,026

862

834

Hy # 3

778

935

756

552

1,062

763

808

Hy # 11

686

829

805

750

1,134

542

791

Hy # 14

772

776

743

778

987

552

787

Hy # 1

838

847

663

684

1,049

586

778

Hy # 8

835

912

663

533

867

846

776

Hy # 19

738

884

627

707

933

622

752

Hy # 12

744

725

558

655

931

787

733

Hy # 4

695

843

645

591

831

651

709

Hy # 18

729

0

93

64

742

251

313

MEAN

806

864

711

669

1,043

723

  

C.V. (%)

14

14

15

28

19

17

  

LSD (0.05)

165

167

155

261

274

172

  

CN = Chai Nat PL = Phitsanulok SSR = Sri Samrong

BMS = Ban Mai Sam Rong DKL = Dong Kain Luang Loei = Loei

 

Table 3 Overall mean yield (kg/rai)and stability parameters of 20 elite corn hybrids grown

on 6 paddy fields in 2000 dry season.

Corn hybrids

Yield (kg./rai)

b

S2d

Hy #5 = SW3 (S6)3-3-2 x C 406 (S6) 5-2-1

957

1.41

0.21 **

Hy #20 = NSX 982009

935

1.08

0.34 **

Hy #9 = SW3 (S6)3-3-2 x CT 108 (S6) 20-1-1

927

1.31

0.09 ns

Hy #17 = SW 3702

871

1.63

0.18 **

Hy #16 = SW 3701

860

0.63

0.26 **

Hy #6 = SW3 (S6)3-3-2 x C 304 (S6) 13-3

853

1.09

0.21**

Hy #2 = SW3 (S6)3-3-1 x C 304 (S6) 13-3

849

1.13

0.26**

Hy #15 = SW3 (S6)3-3-1 x G 5406 (S6) 16-9-1

849

0.77

0.03 ns

Hy #13 = SW3 (S6)3-3-1 x Pop 345 (S6) 36-4

836

1.07

0.03 ns

Hy #7 = SICHUAN (S6) 2-7-3 x G 5406 (S6) 1-2-4

835

0.47

0.23 **

Hy #10 =Ki 42 x CT 108 (S6) 20-1-1

834

0.76

0.12 *

Hy #3 = Ki 42 x C 304 (S6) 13-3

808

1.18

0.16 **

Hy #11 = SW3 (S6)3-3-2 x Pop 345 (S6) 36-4

791

1.15

0.56 **

Hy #14 = SW3 (S6)3-3-2 x CT 114 (S6) 10-1-2

787

0.66

0.13 *

Hy #1 = SICHUAN (S6)2-4-2 x SW 89345-2 (S6) 4-2-1

778

1.14

0.13 *

Hy8 =Ki 42 x G 5406 (S6) 1-2-4

776

0.72

0.46 **

Hy19 NSX 72

752

0.84

0.14 **

Hy12 Ki 42 x Pop 345 (S6) 36-4

733

0.74

0.22 **

Hy4 = SICHUAN (S6) 2-7-3 x C 304 (S6) 13-3

709

0.68

0.08 ns

Hy18 = SW 3601

313

1.52

2.77 **

Mean

803

    

CV (%)

11

    

LSD (0.05)

168

    

Note: 1 rai = 0.16 ha.

It was concluded that the variety Hy9 (SW3 (S6) 3-3-2 x CT 108 (S6) 20-1-1 is the best stability variety, because of it has high yield, b value ~ 1 and S2D ~ 0.

Bibliography

Byth, D. E. 1981. In ‘ Interpretation of plant response and adaptation to agricultural

environments’ Australian Institute of Agricultural Science, Brisbane. 2-10 p.

Byth, D. E. and I. H. Delacy. 1989. Genotype by environment interaction and

interpretation of agricultural adaptation experiments. pp. 1-16. In Analysis of

Data from Agricultural Adaptation Experiments. I. H. Delacy (ed.). Dept. of

Agriculture Bangkok, Thailand.

Eberhart, S. A. and W. A. Russell. 1966. Stability parameters analysis in maize. Crop

Sci. 6: 36-40.

Finlay, K. W. and G. N. Wilkinson. 1963. The analysis of adaptation in a plant-

breeding programme. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 14: 742-75

Perkins, J. M. and J. L Jinks. 1968. Heredity 30: 111-26.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Disk: FCRIB3-2

File: Sukapong 2

 1