

Contents

Biographical Sketch and Chronology
The among the English Romantic poets of the early 19th century, Lord Byron is in firm cadre. He was a direct descendant of James I of Scotland on his mother's side and, if not of William the Conqueror, at least of Norman stock on his father's. Neither ancestry kept him from poverty in his childhood, however, for his father was a confirmed libertine, who went through the fortunes and property of both his first wife, the marchioness of Carmarthen (born Amelia D'Arcy), Baroness Conyers, and his second, Byron's mother, Catherine Gordon of Gight before dying in France in 1791.
George Gordon Noel Byron, the 6th Baron Byron, was born 22 January 1788 in London with the deformity of a clubfoot, which plagued him as a source of embarrassment and discomfort all his life. Despite this impairment, he led a life of adventure in war and romance nearly as dissipating as his father's life had been. He was a prolific letter writer--a talent that apparently outshines even his poetic talents--and kept meticulous journals of his travels and impressions all his life. These form a sort of autobiography that makes far better reading than an overview such as we may provide in the short space here. However, some of the facts of his life may be gleaned from the following timeline of his life:
Chronology
1788 |
Byron born 22 January in London. |
1790 |
Taken by his mother to Aberdeen, Scotland. |
1791 |
Death of his father, Captain John Byron, in France. |
1793 |
Enters his first school, in Aberdeen. |
1794-95 |
Attends Aberdeen Grammar School. In 1794, on the
death of his great uncle, becomes heir to the title,
Baron Byron of Rochdale. |
1798 |
Is made Lord Byron. Moves with his mother to
Newstead Abbey, ancestral home of the Byrons. |
1801-05 |
Attends Harrow School. In 1803 falls his love with Mary
Chaworth, his neighbor at Newstead. (The attachment
ends when he overhears Mary laugh to her maid,
"What! Me care for that lame boy!") |
1805 |
Enters Trinity College, Cambridge. |
1806 |
First volume of poems, Fugitive Pieces, privately printed.
Upon the Reverend John Beecher's objections to certain
of the poems, Byron withdraws the volume. |
1807 |
Poems on Various Occasions, an expurgated version of
Fugitive Pieces, privately printed. Later in the year the
volume appears in a public printing as Hours of Idleness.
On March 13, Byron takes his seat in the House of Lords. |
1808 |
Hours of Idleness is the subject of scathing critique in the
Edinburgh Review. On July 4 Byron receives his A.M. degree
from Cambridge. |
1809 |
Publication of English Bards and Scotch Reviewers.
On July 2, sails from Falmouth for Lisbon with John
Cam Hobhouse. Travels through Portugal, Spain, Malta,
and Albania, reaching Athens at the end of the year.
Writes the first Canto of "Childe Burun" (later Childe
Harold's Pilgrimage). |
1810 |
Travels through Greece and Turkey. On May 3 swims
the Hellespont from Sestos to Abydos. Writes the second
canto of "Childe Burun". |
1811 |
Returns to England July 14. Death of Byron's mother and
of the Cambridge chorister John Edleston ("Thyrza"). |
1812 |
Delivers speeches in the House of Lords. Childe Harold,
cantos I and II, published in March. First meeting with
his wife-to-be, Annabella Milbanke. Affair with Lady
Caroline Lamb. Affair with Lady Oxford. |
1813 |
Publication of The Giaour (June) and The Bride of Abydos
(December). Begins affair with his half sister, Augusta
Leigh? |
1814 |
Publication of The Corsair (January) and Lara (August).
Byron's daughter, Medora, born to Augusta. Becomes
engaged to Annabella Milbanke. |
1815 |
Marries Annabella on January 2. Publication of
Hebrew Melodies. Daughter, Augusta Ada, born
to Annabella on December 10. |
1816 |
Byron's wife leaves him in January. The Siege of Corinth
and Parisina are published in February. In April the
separation from his wife is formalized. Byron leaves
England forever on April 24. Arriving in Geneva, he
befriends Percy and Mary Shelley and Claire Clairmont,
spends the summer with them, and has an affair with
Claire. Travels to Venice, has an affair with Marianna
Segati, his landlord's wife. At the end of the year,
Childe Harold canto III and The Prisoner of Chillon are
published. |
1817 |
Daughter, Allegra, born to Claire Clairmont on January 12.
Byron travels to Rome with Hobhouse, returns to settle in
Venice. Affair with Margarita Cogni, wife of a Venetian
baker. Sells Newstead Abbey. Manfred published in June. |
1818 |
Beppo (satire in the ottava rima of Don Juan) published
in February. The Shelleys come to Italy and are with Byron
from March to November. Childe Harold canto IV
published in April. Allegra comes to Venice. |
1819 |
Beginning of affair with Countess Teresa Guiccioli.
Mazeppa published in June, Don Juan cantos I and II
in July. Moves to Ravenna at the end of the year to be
near Teresa. |
1820 |
Lives in the Guiccioli palace with his daughter Allegra.
Becomes involved in the Carbonari movement, the
Italian revolution against Austrian rule. Official separation
between Teresa and her husband in July. |
1821 |
Teresa's family, the Gambas, are banished to Pisa after the
defeat of the Carbonari movement; Byron moves there
with them. Marino Faliero published in April, Don Juan
cantos III-V in August, Cain, The Two Foscari, and
Sardanapalus in December. Byron promises Teresa to
discontinue Don Juan. |
1822 |
Allegra dies in April. Leigh Hunt moves to Byron's house
in June, where they collaborate on the journal The Liberal.
Shelley is drowned July 8 in his boat, the Don Juan. The
Vision of Judgment appears in The Liberal in October. |
1823 |
Don Juan cantos VI-XIV published. Byron sails for Greece,
arriving at Missolonghi on December 30. |
1824 |
Catches a chill in the rain on April 9. Dies at Missolonghi on
April 19. Don Juan cantos XV and XVI are published in
March. In June Byron is buried in Hucknall Torkard Church,
near Newstead Abbey. |
At his death, Byron was a mere thirty-six years old and in command of an elite Greek guard then engaged in fighting for independence from the Turks. He was considered a hero of Greece, having helped to reunite that divided country.
Resource consulted:
Comprehensive Study of Lord Byron [http://www.englishhistory.net/byron/life.html]
George Gordon, Lord Byron [http://chief.csm.astate.edu/~engphil/gallery/byron.html]
(1827, 11/02/1999 10:40 pm EST; 1828, 11/02/1999 10:42 pm EST)
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Websites Featuring
Lord Byron |
Message 1829
Read More About Lord Byron
AngelPie_Mouse 11/02/1999 10:42 pm EST
The following URLs come from the listing of FAMILIAR AND FAVORITE POETS on our own website (http://www.geocities.com/SoHo/Bistro/2298). We invite you to check them out and read more about George Gordon, Lord Byron (also, please let us know if you have any difficulties with these sites).
- Byron's Don Juan
An annotated html edition of Byron's entertaining long poem, Don Juan. [http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Delphi/7086/donjuan.htm]
- Comprehensive Study of Lord Byron
A biography, contemporary accounts, criticism, chronology, and poetry. [http://www.englishhistory.net/byron.html]
- Darkness
Blank verse poem about the end of the world. [http://www.ac.wwu.edu/~n9640571]
- George Gordon, Lord Byron
Poems, letters, quotes and pictures. [http://chief.csm.astate.edu/~engphil/gallery/byron.html]
- Unacknowledged Legislators
Site dedicated to Byron (and Shelly) with poetical works on-line, bibliography and a chronology of the poet's life and the Lord Byron Webring. [http://www.geocities.com/athens/acropolis/8916]
- Selected Poetry of George Gordon, Lord Byron
from Representative Poetry On-line. Prepared by members of the Department of English at the University of Toronto from 1912 to the present and published by the University of Toronto Press from 1912 to 1967. [http://library.utoronto.ca/www/utel/rp/authors/byron.html]
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