Relative location
Think situation
Squatter settlements outside Juarez Mexico.
Contrast to wealthy suburbs
To industrial buildings
New low wage workers and rich homes
Where is it compared to other things
Absolute location
El Paso Texas
One large area
Industries just over border in Mexico
Maquiladoras
Easily marked
Crossings attempted constantly
Illegal international immigrants
Relative location near border as well as proximity to US sister city
Changing indusrtrial location of car makers
St. Petersburg has only port for Russia
Window on the west for Russia
Relative location
Silk route-no longer
Influene of Europe and Asia evident
Muslim, Europe, Asia
Wedge of Muslims in Asia
Muslim and Hung Chinese.
Factory came after city established
Humans adapt to environment
Dryness of soil=stone field. Stone cover to protect moisture
Oman= Reservoirs of oil. Extraction of oil has allowed oman to develop
Advatage
Ivory coat=Desert->tropical bio-climatic zones
Coco harvest IC biggest exporter of
Cash crops
Collapse of prices
Realms
of Regions= realms into regions
Mid-west, corn belt
West African region of sub-Saharan Africa
Throughout realm is focused on export of raw materials
Few skilled workers
Migration to tropical part of Ivory Coast
Kenya-Diseases=Malaria, AIDS Rapid population growth
India=soon to be most populous country
Water resources
Australia/New Zealand=Deserts in interior
Costal urbanization
Scale=very important
European immigrants
Sparely populated areas
Smallest market, international for profits
Most goes to Asia
Pacific rim phenomenon
Similar cultures on both sides of the borders in El Paso Texas
Distribution of Spanish speakers
Mex-America- water issues
Differences in lifestyles are push and pull factors
New stricter border maybe in order
Cairo
Rush hour constant
Population growth extreme
3% of land, 98% population
Is there sufficient agricultural land?
Farming and fishing, trade and shipping
Rich soil is overworked already
Dam of Nile, tourist attractions rescued
Positive and negative. 50%+ population in agriculture
Chemical fertilizers
No money to fix over worked fields Most smaller than 1 acre
Most own land, slow to mechanize. Is it possible to earn living on so little land?
Never ending desert. Irrigation makes it possible to work in desert like regions
Fruits and vegetables grown
Collision of cultures
Motive to migrate
US International Naturalization system
Push and pull factors
Distance decay
Costal regions good economy, far south produces few markets, economic and social variants
Mexico city, Northern borders, North-central mexico.
Mesa del Norte between US and Mexico City. Self sustaining, poor soil, gold and silver mining hurt by price drop, some family members left for work.
Often migrate several times not permanently, attached to land, temporary income
Money for school, food, clothing.
Migration to Monterey as well as US. Center of Industry. Maquiladoras Proximity to the US. Manufactured in US, assembly in Mexico, takes advantage of cheap labor.
Move south because of labor needs. Maquiladoras move from borders. NAFTA if not effective, may continue to migrate north
Culture (no video) Sacred space, Jerusalem, growing influence of Muslims in Turkey
After affects of colonialism/imperialism
Sub-Saharan Africa- Mosaic of Black africa societies
Ivory coast-legacy of colonialism Largest coco producer Sourbre, Coco produces in southern half with tropical bio-climatic zone. Growth of plantation dependant on migrants. Nibi is a small village, many immigrants form poorer northern regions, and foreign workers. Exportation port successful because of the successful agriculture. Money from coco has stimulated industry in north, and emerging middle class. Capitol moved north. Jobs are scare in capitol, same rest of country, coco price dropped, and the country nearly collapsed. Detriment of the forest, poor land locations for houses. Many small businesses cannot cope with the dropped prices, businesses are stagnant, credit must be extended. Ivory coast has the chance to overcome this because of the number of things they can export/offer. People manage somehow, going trans-national. Strong relationship between town and country
Movement of capitol
Former colonial possession: currency, dependence on MDC’s for market, spoke European languages, reliance on cash crops. Colonies for raw materials
Rural India-Agriculture
Canals are needed to irrigate many areas of India
Irrigation has changed many lives because it partially alleviates droughts. Farmers can now farm in the winter as well as summer, 2 harvests. Most farmers now grow cash crops (from green revolution) Cass still evident. Tenant farmers no have land and mustard cultivation has brought an increase in revenue. More money means they eat better. Milk is a great source of income. All produce is funneled into the largest city in the area. The residence now has access to many rural commodities. Irrigation bureau disputes rise over water rights. Canals are not being properly managed. Leaks have damaged land, salt builds up in fields and they become useless. Devali, festival of lights. Marks busiest time of crop planting, in most need of proper water management.
Lanzhou: Confluence of Cultures
Yellow river flows through Lanzhou. Small craft no longer used for transportation of goods. Lanzhou is an industrial city. Second largest city in NW. Capital of province. Located on an isolated, dry plateau. River spreads out, forces fording. Silk route passed through. Stone field agriculture, can be used for about 8 years constant maintenance necessary. Stones and dirt cannot mix. 80,000 Muslims in Lanzhou. Spice is one of the most important products sold in the markets. Lifestyles overlap with Chinese. Great need for Arabic interpreters because of the pilgrimages to Mecca and such places.
The Pacific Rim
Singapore
Companies need a central base to start from. Singapore has a very big strong economy. Good trade available, port and airport. Cultural diversity is representative of Singapore’s tradition as a far eastern base for foreigners. 3 million people, 100? Years sea port. Busiest waterways! Singapore is very wealthy from exploiting the trading opportunities. Mainly due to the pushes by the government to integrate the port in Singapore’s economy is Singapore so succesful. Allows it to link Asia, US and Africa. Commitment to modern port and efficient market. Well educated work force. Takes 45sec to process incoming materials. Everything is computerized if possible, used for keeping track of many things. Links to all over the world, airport works with port, airlifted to Europe, Australia etc. All information is put into computers to organize it. Other ports beginning to catch up.
The Pacific Rim
Australia
Large areas for cattle ranching, and mining rich land in interior. Most Australians live on the coast. 90% population is close to coast. Very small population. Small # of large cities around coast. Sydney is largest city, many transactions here. 1/5 people live in Sydney. Cities were controlling the counties, but they rely on the export to world market. Wool production key. Mid 1830’s, all wool economy. Wheat farmers began to move inland, following grazers. No longer labor intensive. Cities have more jobs to offer, so the quickly developed. Railroads quickly moved inland. Immigrants provided most new workers. External markets ran Australia, and still does. Japan is now Australia’s biggest exporter headquarters of mining is located in Sydney. In same time zone as much of Asia. Shift from Europe to Asia. Seaports no longer as important as airports. Asia & Australia relationships can be seen with telecommunications, fiber optics. Colonization, Gold rush, after WWI, waves of populations from Europe. Many come from Asia now.
South America
Brazil
Sao Paulo has Urbanized more rapidly than most South America. Squatter settlements very much in evidence. Mega cites include Tokyo and ~. Real growth did not begin until the 19th century. Agriculture & small businesses from Italy, was once the poorest neighborhood. Now an important part of the city mainstream. Slavery was abolished, and the blacks moved into the area attracted by the low rent price. Each wave had difficulty assimilating so they built their own little areas within the city of Sao Paulo. Larges t# of Japanese outside Japan. The feel at least partially Brazilian. Self construction of squatter settlements greatly expanded the city. There have no deed to the land, so they are still squatters, even when the building is permanent. Immigration has slowed to Sao Paulo, but NIR, still increases the population dramatically every year