MISC : Tutorials and Conference on IP over DWDM

INDEX OF CFPs	MISC : Tutorials and Conference on IP over DWDM
See: http://www.upperside.fr/badwdm.htm This is not a CFP. The IP over DWDM 2000 conference aims at presenting an up-to-date state of the art in the design of new Internet network architectures. It will be a unique opportunity for researchers, network operators and service providers from both the IP world and the optical networking world to discuss the potentialities of all these promising perspectives. Several open questions will be debated during the conference. For instance, which granularity has to be considered at each of the various protocol/photonic layers? What is the future of SDH-SONET in face of the digital wrapper potentialities? Which potentialities of multi-protocol lambda switching could be exploited in the short term or in the longer term?The IP over DWDM conference, to take place in Paris, France from November 27 to 30, 2000, will bring answers and enlightenment to all these questions through the presentations of leading-edge researchers in the domain. Sponsoring-Exhibition: An ideal communications platform The IP over DWDM conference also offers an ideal means of self-promotion for vendors working in both fiber optics and evolving the IP protocol. They have the choice between several levels of sponsoring and can participate in the exhibition being organized in parallel with the conference. To get more info, click-here. Scientific Committee A scientific committee made up of prominent personalities in the IP and Fibre realm has examined and chosen the speakers from the submitted abstracts in accordance with their technological relevance. Maurice Gagnaire, ENST Dr Chunming Qiao, State University of New York Rajiv Ramaswami, Nortel Networks Andrew Malis, Vivace Networks Yakov Rekhter, Cisco Fellow Piet Demeester, Ghent University Kireeti Kompella, Juniper Networks John Drake, Calient Dr. David K. Hunter, University of Strathclyde Dominique Chiaroni, Alcatel Corporate Research Center Omar Cherkaoui, University of Quebec Moises R. N. Ribeiro, Federal University of Espirito Santo Hui Zang, Sprint Advanced Technology Labs Program below: Technical Tutorial. November 27, 2000. MORNING SESSION: 10.00 An Introduction to Optical Networking Presented by Maurice Gagnaire, Associate Professor, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications 1. Introduction - Evolution of core, access and local area networks (delay/bandwidth product, topology, applications) - Potentialities and limits of optical transmission in existing data networks (attenuation, chromatic and modal dispersion, non-linear effects) 2. Definition of all-optical networking - Objectives and constraints - Passive couplers and DWDM - The four generations of optical networks 3. A state of the art in opto-electronic devices and systems - Couplers - Tunable transmitters and receivers - Optical amplifiers - Optical regenerators (1R, 2R, 3R) - Multiplexers and filters - All-wave fibers, dispersion shifted fibers - Wavelength converters 4. Optical LANs - Single-hop and multi-hop LANs - The folded bus and star topologies - MAC protocols for optical LANs - Original testbeds: Romulus, OCON, OMFT 5. Optical WANs - Optical switching - Optical routing - Optical burst switching - Virtual topology, protection and restoration - The G.872 recommandation and the Digital Wrapper concept - QoS in optical networks 6. Optical access networks - PONs - SuperPONs 7. Emerging techniques for very high speed optical transmission (optional according to time constraints) - OTDM - Soliton 8. Open problems in optical networking (granularity, synchronization, protocol stack, management) 12.00 Lunch AFTERNOON SESSION: 14.00 Various Directions for the IP Evolution Presented by André Danthine, Professor Emeritus, Liege University The goal of this half-day tutorial is to present several directions of development of the IP and of the Internet for offering various qualities of service, for supporting a connection orientation in the IP layer through MPLS and for operating with WDM without or with optical cross-connects (ORC). Outline QoS o IntServ or the end-to-end vision o DiffServ or the edge-to-edge approach o DiffServ and the network services MPLS o From IP over ATM to MPLS o Label creation and distribution o DiffServ and MPLS WDM and Optical Networks with MPLS o A color for each queue with WDM o Is WDM with OCX (Optical Cross Connect) the new ATM ? 16.00 End of the Tutorial Conference Day One. November 28, 2000. CHAIRMAN André Danthine, Professor Emeritus, Liege University 09.00 Welcome, registration and coffee 09.30 KEYNOTE ADDRESS The Future of IP over WDM Integration The rapid pace of developments in both Internet applications and emerging optical technologies is bringing about fundamental changes in networking philosophies. Key trends are the emergence of dynamic wavelength provisioning and a corresponding reduction in wavelength provisioning timescales. As this transition continues, the current use of the wavelength-routing paradigm for carrying bursty Internet traffic will likely suffer from various shortcomings associated with circuit-switched networks. Meanwhile, optical packet switching technology is still facing significant cost and technological hurdles. Recently, optical burst switching (OBS), which represents a balance between circuit and packet switching, has opened up some exciting new dimensions in optical networking. Describing the OBS paradigm, and proposing the use of labeled OBS (or LOBS) as a natural control and provisioning solution under the ubiquitous IP multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) framework. [INLINE] Speaker: Dr Chunming Qiao, Associate Professor, State University of New York SESSION 1: INTRODUCTION & STANDARDIZATION UPDATE 10.00 IP over Optical Standards Update Providing a comprehensive update on the ongoing standardization work for IP over DWDM and optical networking, including recent work in the IETF, MPLS Forum, Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF), and the Optical Domain Service Interconnect (ODSI) Coalition. [INLINE] Speaker: Andrew Malis, Chair of the Internet Engineering Task Force's IP over Optical (IPO) Working Group and Chair of the MPLS Forum Technical Committee. Vivace Networks 10.30 Standardization of the Optical Transport Network (OTN) in the ITU-T Covering the status of the standardization activity related to the OTN within the International Telecommunications Union. Addressing the definition of the OTN Network Node Interface (NNI) which, as Recommendation G.709, will be proposed to the approval of Study Group 15 in February next year. Describing the functionalities identified for each of its 3 constituing layers ?Optical Transport Section (OTS), Optical Multiplexing Section (OMS) and Optical Channel (OCh). Regarding the OCh, the features (payload mapping + overhead + FEC) of the so called "digital wrapper" are detailed. Finally, presenting the work program of the various ITU-T Study Groups involved in the standardization of the OTN. Addressing relations/interactions with other standardization bodies (ETSI, ATIS) and foras (IETF, ATMF, OIF). [INLINE] Speaker: Gilles Joncour, France Telecom R&D 11.00 Coffee break SESSION 2: LAMBDA SWITCHING & CONTROL PLANE 11.30 Multi-Protocol Lambda Switching Describing an approach to the design of control plane for optical cross connects (OXCs) which leverages existing control plane technique developed for MPLS Traffic Engineering. The proposed approach combines recent advances in MPLS Traffic Engineering with OXC technology to (1) provide a framework for real-time provisioning of optical channels in automatically switched optical networks, (2) foster the expedited development and deployment of a new class of versatile OXCs and (3) allow the use of uniform semantics for network management and operations control in hybrid networks consisting of OXCs and Label Switching Routing (LSRs). [INLINE] Speaker: Yakov Rekhter, Cisco Fellow 12.00 An Overview of Control Plane Architectures for Optical Networks A number of control plane architectures for Optical Networks have been proposed and are being developed, including ODSI, the OIF UNI, G.ASON and MPL(ambda)S. Examining issues in control plane design and how the various architectures address these issues. Speaker: Kireeti Kompella, Juniper Networks 12.30 Lunch 14.00 Discussing the Link Management Protocol Future networks will consist of photonic switches, optical crossconnects, and routers that may be configured with bundled links consisting of a control channel and a number of associated component links. Describing an IETF link management protocol (LMP) that runs between neighboring nodes and is used to maintain control channel connectivity, verify component link connectivity, and isolate link, fiber, or channel failures within the network. Speaker: John Drake, Calient 14.30 Role of the Optical Layer in the Next Generation Internet The explosion in the demand for bandwidth implies that the Internet infrastructure will increasingly become optical. In this talk we discuss how the dominant IP traffic will take advantage of the tons of bandwidth provided by the optical layer. The optical layer itself can be circuit switched, packet switched, or a combination of the two, which means that different strategies, dictated by the business requirements, will likely provide the best price/performance trade-offs. Although the routing and switching of the wavelengths and/or packets will continue to be important there is an increasing need to make the optical layer as intelligent as possible. Discussing the control plane requirements of the optical layer, and presenting the various solutions being proposed currently. Presenting the most likely evolution scenarios for the optical later control plane that will also work with the IP layer signaling and control schemes. [INLINE] Speaker: Dr. Sudhir S. Dixit, Senior Research Manager & Site Manager, Nokia Research Center SESSION 3: PROTECTION AND RESTORATION 15.00 Recovery Techniques for IP over WDM Networks Investigating the whole problem of providing survivability in an IP over OTN network. Giving an overview, studying and discussing the currently available recovery techniques in IP and OTN, but also more recent advances in MPLS and DPT. Studying the problem at which level to provide recovery mechanisms and if more than one then how to coordinate their recovery actions. Covering an investigation of the opportunities from a resilience point of view, that are made available, through the integration of the IP and OTN level into an MPLambdaS network. As last, some advanced OA&M functions and performance monitoring features needed for the implementation of such resilience strategies are discussed. Including some results from simulations. [INLINE] Speaker: Piet Demeester, Department of Information Technology Ghent University 15.30 Dimensioning Reliable IP over WDM Networks The IETF is currently working on fast recovery techniques for MPLS-capable IP networks. Note however that MPLS has recently been brought to the optical layer, by assuming that a wavelength can represent a label and by replacing the control plane of optical network elements (ONEs) with an MPLS like control plane. Such a so-called MPLambdaS network opens of course new opportunities to replace the SDH-like protection schemes with similar recovery techniques as proposed for regular MPLS networks. Investigating how these techniques could be ported to the optical layer, since an MPLambdaS network has some different characteristics than a regular electrical network. For instance, an optical LSP will consume one wavelength on each link it passes, which is in contrast with an electrical MPLS network, where an established LSP may not consume or occupy any resource. Another problem is that two incoming wavelengths cannot be merged into a single outgoing wavelength, in a WDM network. We will also point-out what the advantages are to control both electrical and optical levels with a single control plane. Estimating the capacity required for the deployment of a reliable MPLS or MPLambdaS network. Describing the requirements of a novel MPLS recovery technique, called Fast Topology-Driven Constrained-Based Rerouting (FTCR), by comparing its capacity needs with those of other proposals. Authors: Didier Colle, Pim Van Heuven, Mario Pickavet, Chris Develder, Piet Demeester, Ghent University - IMEC, Department of Information Technology Lampros Raptis, Giorgos Chatzilias, Carmen Mas, Yannis I. Manolessos National Technical University of Athens Jaume Comellas, Albert Rafel, Josep Prat, Josep Solé-Pareta, Julio Moyano Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya - Advanced Broadband Communications Lab. Stefano Brunazzi, Salvatore Rotolo Siemens Information and Communication Networks S.p.a Rafal Stankiewicz Univeristy of Mining and Metallurgy - Department of Telecommunications Speaker: Didier Colle, Ghent University 16.00 Coffee break 16.30 Restoration with Optical Cross-Connects in IP Networks Discussing how routers and optical cross-connects work symbiotically for efficient end-to-end routing and restoration in the next generation networks using MPlS and Composite Links. Terabit switch routers match to DWDM bandwidth capacities in a reliable, space, power and cost-efficient manner. Additionally some terabit switch routers have a capability called "Composite Links" which enables network operators with a way to scale a single IP trunk from one OC3/OC12/OC48/OC192 to 64XOC192 dynamically without churn to existing routing tables. Up to 64 OC192 physical links (Composite Members) can be configured as one logical IP link, and members can be added to or deleted from the Composite Link dynamically without any impact to existing traffic. Furthermore, any two adjacent speeds (OC3/OC12, OC12/OC48, OC48/OC192) can be mixed on a composite link providing a very smooth in-service network upgrade path to higher speeds. Several trends in the past few years have contributed to IP/MPLS/Optical architectures for fast restoration and dynamic provisioning of IP-Centric networks. Multi-protocol label switching has facilitated network control and constrained based routing and traffic engineering of networks. In addition, MPLS enables packet-based networks to carry delay intolerant traffic with quality of service parallel to that of circuit switched networks. [INLINE] Speaker: Yassi Moghaddam, Director, Marketing Alliances, Avici Systems 17.00 Pre-Designed Protection for WDM Optical Ring Networks Giving an overview of different protection mechanisms and indicating how these mechanisms are being adapted in WDM networks. The primary focus of this work is a packet switched network, such as an IP network, overlaid on a WDM network. Previous approaches to protection have generally assumed two levels of protection_ full protection or no protection. Proiposing a protection approach in which all of the affected traffic may be partially restored. The level of restoration depends on the square ressources reserved for protection. Authors: Suresh Subramanian, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Amrinder Arora and Hyeong-Ah Choi, Department of Computer Science The George Washington University Speaker: Suresh Subramanian, The George Washington University 17.30 Design and Modeling of Restoration Algorithms in Survivable Optical Networks Presenting a design and modeling framework for routing and restoration algorithms for next generation optical mesh networks. This new class of networks will provide superior bandwidth management capabilities, offer on-demand service provisioning and seamless integration with client equipment, such as IP routers, while maintaining the high reliability and restoration capabilities at the optical layer. Analyzing the provisioning and restoration requirements in order to identify the issues that are central to efficient provisioning and restoration. Presenting the solution space and discussing several alternatives in the light of the provisioning and restoration requirements. Providing few specific routing schemes that can be used for meeting the optical network-specific requirements. Introducing Tellium's StarNet Simulation Tool (SST) which was developed for modeling routing and restoration algorithms within optical networks. Authors: Subir K. Biswas and R. Ramamurthy, Lead Architects of the design of IP-based control protocol for optical networks, Tellium Inc. Speaker: Subir K. Biswas, Tellium Inc. 18.00 End of Day One From 18.00 to 22.00 Welcome Reception Conference Day Two. November 29 , 2000. CHAIRMAN Maurice Gagnaire, Associate Professor, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications, Paris, France 09.00 Welcome and coffee 09.30 KEYNOTE ADDRESS Towards Agile All-Optical Networking There are two important trends emerging in optical networks. The first is the move from an opaque network consisting of multiwavelength links with electrical processing at their ends to an all-optical network where traffic is managed as much as possible in the optical domain. The second is the move towards adding agility in the optical layer---moving from a dumb network providing static fat pipes towards an intelligent network providing dynamic fat pipes on an as-needed, when-needed basis. Examining the factors driving this evolution and speculates on the different strategies that are emerging to control the agile optical networks of the future. [INLINE] Speaker: Rajiv Ramaswami, Nortel Networks SESSION 4: OPTICAL ROUTERS 10.00 A Protocol for Efficient Packet and Circuit Switching in Optical IP Routers Describing the SLOB architecture. It has N external links (inputs/outputs) and it is composed of a series of S stages. Each stage is an internally non-blocking optical cross-connect (OXC) interconnected by D internal links (delay-lines) of increasing length ([0, ...,D-1]dDi where d=delay-line granularity and i=stage after delays). Each external link (input/output) or internal link (delay-line) within the architecture can carry multiple packets at once by means of WDM. Proposing a new protocol that provides a circuit QoS category while maintaining the statistical multiplexing capacities of packet networks. This protocol has been designed taking into account the special characteristics of optical IP routers. The new protocol consists in assigning the same delay lines in the optical buffer to all packets contained in the same efficient circuit. Assigning fixed delay lines to all packets from a circuit guarantees a fixed jitter-free end-to-end connection. To avoid synchronization and contention issues it is assumed that only one efficient circuit can be set up per in/out port wavelength. It is also assumed that the wavelengths in the internal links are exclusive for the efficient circuit. Assigning exclusive wavelengths guarantees a reliable packet loss free end-to-end connection. Due to the shared memory structure of the SLOB architecture, this should not represent a significant reduction of the overall buffer capacity. The remaining optical buffer space is used to schedule and solve contention among conventional packets. Speaker: Jaume Masip, Electrical Engineer, Advanced Broadband Communications Center, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya 10.30 Coffee break 11.00 Design of WDM Multistage Optical Packet Buffers for IP Traffic Presenting the performance analysis and design criteria of amultistage buffer architecture for optical packet switching. The architecture equipped with a multistage fiber delay line buffer, able to realize fine time granularity and long delay. WDM is used to solve switch internal blocking and to enhance buffer exploitation. The performance of the architecture presented are influenced by many factors, in particular by number of wavelengths available, number of hardware devices (wavelength converters and selectors), matrix control and packet scheluding. Discussing the importance of these issues and giving guidelines for the dimensioning of the switching matrix, showing that packet loss rates acceptable for IP datagram routing at very high speed are achievable. [INLINE] Speaker: Franco Callegati, DEIS University of Bologna 11.30 Scalable IP Routers for DWDM Networks The challenge for service providers' POP design is to keep up with the rapid pace of traffic growth, while continuing to improve network reliability and availability. DWDM transport, web server farms, metro fiber, DSL, and cable modems all mean POPs need more and more high-speed ports. POPs today handle failures at the relatively slow routing protocol level. They use meshes of routers to increase port count as well as provide redundancy. But supporting 10s, 100s, and 1000s of high-speed router ports with meshes of routers gets increasingly expensive and inefficient. In order to provide adequate bandwidth in the POP, from 50% to over 90% of high speed router ports must be dedicated just to connecting the routers to each other. This multiplies the POP cost per revenue-generating external port, chews up valuable space, power, and operations staff, and complicates efforts to make the network fault tolerant. The best solution is a scalable router that supports all the needed high-speed ports in a single router. The Pluris TeraPlex 20 is a scalable core router. By using much simpler internal interfaces to a scalable interconnection fabric, all of its router ports can be revenue generating external ports. [INLINE] Speaker: Ralf Haller, Pluris Terabit Network Systems 12.00 Lunch SESSION 5: OPTICAL SWITCHING 14.00 Optical Packet Switching in an Internet Environment Showing how WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) may be combined with fast optical switching to implement optical packet switching, a potential transport method for IP (Internet Protocol). While current applications of WDM focus on relatively static usage of individual wavelength channels, optical switching technologies will enable fast dynamic allocation of WDM channels within optical packet switches. Reviewing progress on the definition of optical packet switching and routing networks capable of providing end-to-end optical paths and/or connectionless transport. The encapsulation of IP datagrams into optical packets is described, however the main discussion focuses on two optical packet switching approaches - one involving fixed-length packets in the optical domain, with accompanying fragmentation and re-assembly at the edge of the optical packet layer. An alternative approach involves the use of variable-length packets at the expense of more complex switching and control hardware. It is shown that these architectures can handle self-similar traffic much like that in real networks. Authors: Dr. David K. Hunter, Mr. Chin Soon Hwa, Dr. Meow C. Chia, Prof. Ivan Andonovic, Broadband Networks Group, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde Speaker: Dr David Hunter, University of Strathclyde 14.30 Latest Advances in All-Optical Packet Switching The integration of different layers in the network is becoming an inevitable trend in the network evolution. Solutions to provide a network with high bandwidth, good scalability and easy management are being constantly searched from both IP and optical world. While Multi-Protocol Lambda Switching is proposed by the IP industry as one approach of building IP-centric networks over optical ciucuit-switched fiber networks with simplified control and management, all-optical packet switching is emerging as a way to further integrate the optical layer with the IP/MPLS layer. With the optical device technology maturing at the current speed, it is foreseeable that the future networks will have to incorporate and take adavantage of all-optical packet switching. Discussing and clearifying the incentives of pursuing all-optical packet switching. Giving an overview of the enabling technologies; and discussing issues involved in the design of the control plane of such networks. [INLINE] Speaker: Shun Yao, Research Engineer, Nokia Research Center 15.00 A Novel Approach for a Topological and Logical Integration of the IP and WDM Domain In networking systems involving a number of LSRs and OXCs both requiring control planes, MPLS will provide a uniform control plane strategy in order to reduce the complexity of managing dissimilar networking systems. However, there are a number of differences between electronic and optical routers that require special features to be implemented in the control plane: Key issues are: - The bandwidth granularity is much coarser for an OXC than that for an IP router (wavelengths rather than packets). - A further specific requirement for the control plane will be to maintain OTN infrastructure information in order to facilitate path selection for optical channel trails - The most important is that these two layers are likely to be under different administrative controls (or ownership) and policies. Under such circumstances the service provider who owns the OTN will wish to maintain full control of his network. Such an operator would not wish to give a client insight into the structure and management of the OTN layer as this is his business value Due to these specific requirements, which arise from the inherent features of the physical infrastructure and the traffic characteristics of the OTN, it is hard to imagine the implementation of a common control plane for OXCs and LSRs. It makes sense to keep the two control planes independent but control coordination between the two can be significantly simplified due to the common traffic engineering rules applied in these planes. This approach creates the question of how control coordination can be achieved between the two domains and introduces an interesting application scenario for the deployment of optical packet switching (OPS). [INLINE] Speaker: Dr Simeonidou, John Tabor Laboratories 15.30 Coffee break 16.00 DEBATE Open Issues in Optical Networks Which future for SDH ? Distributed or centralised management ? Which granularity in optical networks ? How many wavelength do we really need ? Moderator: Maurice Gagnaire, ENST Participants: Dr Chunming Qiao, State University of New York Rajiv Ramaswami, Nortel Networks Dr. David K. Hunter, University of Strathclyde Piet Demeester, Ghent University Ralf Haller, Pluris Terabit Network Systems Yakov Rekhter, Cisco Fellow Andrew Malis, Vivace Networks Dominique Chiaroni, Alcatel Corporate Research Center Subir K. Biswas, Tellium, inc. 17.00 End of Day Two Conference Day Three. November 30, 2000. CHAIRMAN Omar Cherkaoui, Professor, University of Quebec 09.00 Welcome and coffee SESSION 6: OPTICAL NETWORK AND PHOTONIC TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT 09.30 Differentiated Optical Services and WDM Network Management Addressing the issues of scalable end-to-end QoS in Metropolitan DWDM networks serving as transit networks for IP access networks. DWDM offering few wavelengths have in the past been deployed in backbone networks to upgrade point-to-point transmission where sharing is based on coarse granularity. This type of DWDM backbone networks offering few lightpaths, provides no support for QoS services traversing the network. As DWDM networks with larger numbers of wavelengths penetrate the data-centric Metro environment, specific IP service requirements such as priority restoration, scalability, dynamic provisioning of capacity and routes, and support for coarse-grain QoS capabilities will have to be addressed in the optical domain in order to achieve end-to-end QoS over a DWDM network. Proposing a QoS service model in the optical domain called Differentiated Optical Services (DoS) based on a set of optical parameters that captures the quality and reliability of the optical lightpath Describing the DoS model and highlighting issues pertaining to its implementation Speaker: Nada Golmie, High Speed Networks Technologies Group, NIST 10.00 Traffic Grooming in WDM Networks Traffic grooming in optical networks is defined as the act of multiplexing, demultiplexing and switching lower rate traffic streams, such as those generated by IP, onto high capacity lightpaths. We study the usefulness of traffic grooming in WDM Networks from the perspective of blocking performance. Two types of networks are considered: Constrained Grooming Networks, which perform grooming only at OADMs in the nodes and Sparse Grooming Networks, which, in addition to grooming at the OADMs, perform traffic stream switching between wavelengths at the nodes. We develop analytical models to determine the blocking performance for these networks. We study the effect of traffic grooming on the blocking performance through simulation and analysis. Our results indicate that, at low network loads, increasing the granularity in a constrained grooming network increases the capacity loss due to blocking. On the other hand, in some cases, for a sparse grooming network, increasing the granularity can also be beneficial. We show that sparse grooming networks can offer significant performance improvement in terms of reduction in blocking and in capacity loss, for both the ring and mesh-torus networks. However, this performance improvement is not equal across the set of traffic streams of different line-speeds. In general, call requests that ask for capacity nearer to the full wavelength capacity are bound to experience higher blocking than those that ask for a smaller fraction. This difference in loss performance is more pronounced as the traffic switching capability of the network is increased. We provide a simple admission control algorithm to attain fairness in performance among connections with different capacity. The algorithm provides good capacity fairness while at the same time does not over-penalize the overall blocking performance. Speaker: Arun K. Somani, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University 10.30 Perspectives of Traffic Management for QoS in Transparent Photonic Packet Switching Networks The search for long-lasting solutions for the future data-centric transport network, not unexpectedly, points to further exploitation of transparency within the optical infrastructure. A photonic packet switching layer, on top of a transparent optical transport network, would be able to accommodate the fast changing traffic requirements of the diversified future services. However, this network architecture still has to prove its commercial viability by competing with promising short-term solutions that use hybrid technologies such as Multi Protocol Lambda Switching (MPLmS). Although following different paradigms, both approaches are aimed at the seamless integration of optical and electrical partitions of the network. A decisive criterion for the comparison of the two architectures will be the Quality of Service (QoS) provision in an integrated scenario. Discussing some implementations to allow QoS guarantee in transparent photonic packet switching networks establishing comparisons, whenever possible, with the ones for MPLmS. [INLINE] Speaker: Moises R. N. Ribeiro, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Brazil 11.00 Coffee break 11.30 Connection Management for Wavelength-Routed WDM Networks In wavelength-routed WDM networks, a control mechanism is required to set up and take down all-optical connections. Upon the arrival of a connection request, this mechanism must be able to select a route, assign a wavelength to the connection, and configure the appropriate optical switches in the network. The mechanism must be able to provide updates to reflect which wavelengths are currently being used on each link so that nodes may make informed routing decisions. In a survival WDM network, the mechanism must also be able to restore disrupted traffic when a network failure occurs. Investigating distributed control mechanisms as well as routing and wavelength-assignment algorithms for establishing all-optical connections in a wavelength-routed WDM network. Speaker: Hui Zang, Network Design Engineer, Sprint Advanced Technology Labs SESSION 7: METROPOLITAN AND ACCESS NETWORKS 12.00 Evolution to Data Centric Optical Metropolitan Networks The emerging of new application services and the exponential increasing of data traffic (mainly Internet) pose to incumbent Network Service Providers (NSP) the problem of the evolution of their metro infrastructures to face such trends. Historically NSP have used several layers to build their networks: adopting for example IP routers over ATM switches over PDH or SDH network elements. If on one side existing TDM-based infrastructure of incumbent NSP should evolve to support efficiently the exponential growth of data traffic, on the other side New Comers should deploy cost-effective infrastructures to gain rapidly market shares. As a matter of fact many new NSP are entering metropolitan areas with single integrated voice and data infrastructure where IP is gaining the role of integration layer for multiple services. Nevertheless even when deploying a new IP-based infrastructure, there is the need to guarantee the connectivity to preexisting legacy networks belonging to the same or to another NSP. As such SONET\SDH framings and rates seem to be the most common approach to support connectivity to preexisting infrastructures. Another driver is the introduction of the DWDM technology. As a matter of fact, DWDM point-to-point systems have been already introduced in backbone networks to increase transport capacity. Recently DWDM is a technology mature to deploy also networking functionality by means of Optical Network Elements (ONE) such as OADM and OXC. Again the Optical Transport Network (OTN) represents another layer added to the stack. [INLINE] Speaker: Antonio Manzalini, Senior Researcher, CSELT - Telecom Italia Group 12.30 Lunch 14.00 Performance Evaluation of the Spatial Reuse Protocol Fairness Algorithm In an IP over DWDM scenario, one of the main topics to be solved is how IP layer can best be transported directly over a DWDM network. As it is not possible to send IP datagrams directly over a physical medium because IP does not provide neither bit synchronization nor packet delineation, different mapping/framing solutions have been proposed in order to encapsulate and adapt IP packets to the DWDM layer in a cost-efficient manner, i.e. trying to bypass intermediate layers such as ATM and SDH. The Cisco's Dynamic Packet Transport (DPT) poses a mapping solution by introducing a new MAC layer protocol known as Spatial Reuse Protocol (SRP). This protocol has been mainly conceived to be used in ring topologies and takes its name from the spatial reuse concept. The spatial reuse concept refers to the fact that unicast packets only circulate along spans between the source and destination node rather than the whole ring as in other protocols such as FDDI and Token Ring. The Spatial Reuse Protocol is basically based on two algorithms or protocols. On the one hand, the Intelligent Protection Switching (IPS) consists of a protection scheme of the ring. On the other hand, the Spatial Reuse Protocol-fairness algorithm (SRP-fa) controls the access to the shared media ensuring fairness, bounding latency and avoiding privileged nodes or conditions while undertaking to prevent congestion. This paper will describe the model and performance evaluation results of the access control mechanism (SRP-fa), which were obtained by simulations using the OPNET network simulation tool. Authors: Julio Moyano, Bruno Bostica, Josep Solé-Pareta Julio Moyano, Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) 14.30 Point to Point Link Protocol for IP over DWDM Access Network Nowadays Internet access architectures for residents, SOHO (Small Office Home Office) and local area network subscribers are being developed largely. The sorts of services that they want here are broadcast, point-to-point, and point to multi-point connectivity. Describing the provisioning of services using point-to-point protocol (PPP) in IP over DWDM access network. PPP is a well-known service in circuit-switched telephone networks. But it is also considered a good choice for the delivery of broadband services. Because of PPP's usefulness in access network, proposing a total solution for end-to-end or end-to-provider communication over IP over DWDM access network. Point-to-Point Links over IP over DWDM Network satisfy easily most of the requirements associated with remote connectivity to an NSP, such as IP address assignment, security, and AAA (authentication, authorization and accounting). In addition, since ISPs and corporations are familiar with PPP based connectivity, easy migration from existing ISP infrastructure is expected, if the protocol is light (efficient). But so far there is no activity in this area. Presenting the solution by using a MPLS tunneling protocol scheme and PPP extensions. [INLINE] Speaker: Jungjoon Lee, Information and Communications University 15.00 Coffee break SESSION 8: TEST BEDS & PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 15.30 Level 3: MPLS over DWDM Examining the likely architecture for MPLS backbone networks over a DWDM infrastructure. This architecture is designed to reduce cost of service and to enable exponential scalability - whilst enabling a full range of network services. - Bandwidth is price elastic - DWDM as competitive cost base - Existing layered architecture - Future architecture - Continuously upgradeable networks - MPLS on DWDM: exponential scalability and multiple services Speaker: Giles Heron, IP Architect, Global Architecture and Optimization, Level 3 Communications 16.00 Switching The Best Granularity in Optics: Open Issues and Comparison Elements Three IP over WDM main scenarii can be distinguished according to the granularity switched but all of them use WDM transmission. In the first one, all the traffic is switched as IP datagrams with Tera-routers. The second one is either in a peer or overlay model based on optical crossconnects(OXC) with more or less isomorphic relations between IP routers and OXC. This last scenario can be extended to crossconnect switching band of wavelengths or fiber. Last, optical packet or optical burst switches are used to process the encapsulated IP traffic inside the optical network. In second and third cases, the IP traffic has to aggregated at the edge of the optical network according to the Forwarding Equivalent Class in an MPLS-like context. Presenting some results from performance study for packetization in different optical formats. Addressing some unsolved issues related to protocol interworking between IP and a MPLS-based Traffic Engineering for the optical networks including traffic partitioning, congestion control, load balancing and survivability problems Emmanuel Dotaro, Optical Systems Department, Alcatel Corporate Research Center 16.30 VTHD French NGI Initiative: IP and WDM Interworking with WDM Channel Protection The VTHD project aims at deploying a nation-wide broadband IP test-bed to experiment the technological building blocks integral to NGI networking.The test-bed architectural option takes into account both the quality of service (QoS) requirements and bandwidth provisioning issues. It relies on the shortcut IP over WDM layering in order to benefit from the optical fibre bandwidth tank. Experimental results are reported that exhibit how 1+1 channel protection and IP rerouting interwork in case of channel failure over a metropolitan WDM ring. Discussing issues on automated provisioning and restoration of lightpaths, constrainted-based optical routing in the context of the VTHD platform. Speaker: Christian Guillemot, France Telecom 17.00 The RAP Scheme Description The RAP ('Réseau Académique Parisien) which means ''Parisian district network for education'' was initiated by the french Direction of research in february 1998. RAP is relating to all the schools of higher education in Paris (Universities, institutes, specialised colleges of university level, the Department of Education and Sciences,), the CNRS (National Center for Scientific Eesearch) and INSERM (National Institute for Health and Medical Research) existing on the various sites of education. At first, a study was set up and made an assessment of the current situation and of the eventual possibilities in term of constructions, services or technologies with a target of a very high rate network in order to fill the new needs in application (programs). This appraisal allowed to develop the main lines of the scheme at the main different levels (functioning, technology and finances). The strong points and objectives following from this are: - a network made ''for and with the concerned community'', able to come up to the expectations and to fit the new plans. A total mastery in transparency (for its management, the control of development, ) is the garanty for a network serving the community it was made for. - An optic structure in ''optical fibre'' and DWDM, ATM and gigabit protocols, services with added value and an administration forming a coherent whole open to a large scale of possibilities for output as much as for protocols and offered services. - A financial cost which is competitive in investment and fair in functioning, considering the given prospects. Speaker: Jean-Paul Gautier, Network Engineer, CNRS 17.30 End of the Conference Upper Side 54 rue du Fbg St Antoine 75012 Paris - France Telephone: 33 1 53 46 63 80 Fax: 33 1 53 46 63 85 www.upperside.fr info@upperside.fr © Upper Side. September 2000

See: http://www.upperside.fr/badwdm.htm
This is not a CFP. 



The IP over DWDM 2000 conference aims at presenting an up-to-date
state of the art in the design of new Internet network architectures.
It will be a unique opportunity for researchers, network operators
and service providers from both the IP world and the optical
networking world to discuss the potentialities of all these promising
perspectives.

Several open questions will be debated during the conference. For
instance, which granularity has to be considered at each of the
various protocol/photonic layers? What is the future of SDH-SONET in
face of the digital wrapper potentialities? Which potentialities of
multi-protocol lambda switching could be exploited in the short term
or in the longer term?The IP over DWDM conference, to take place in
Paris, France from November 27 to 30, 2000, will bring answers and
enlightenment to all these questions through the presentations of
leading-edge researchers in the domain.

Sponsoring-Exhibition: An ideal communications platform

The IP over DWDM conference also offers an ideal means of
self-promotion for vendors working in both fiber optics and evolving
the IP protocol. They have the choice between several levels of
sponsoring and can participate in the exhibition being organized in
parallel with the conference. To get more info, click-here.

Scientific Committee

A scientific committee made up of prominent personalities in the IP and Fibre
realm has examined and chosen the speakers from the submitted abstracts in
accordance with their technological relevance.

Maurice Gagnaire, ENST 
Dr Chunming Qiao, State University of New York 
Rajiv Ramaswami, Nortel Networks 
Andrew Malis, Vivace Networks 
Yakov Rekhter, Cisco Fellow 
Piet Demeester, Ghent University 
Kireeti Kompella, Juniper Networks 
John Drake, Calient 
Dr. David K. Hunter, University of Strathclyde
Dominique Chiaroni, Alcatel Corporate Research Center 
Omar Cherkaoui, University of Quebec 
Moises R. N. Ribeiro, Federal University of Espirito Santo
Hui Zang, Sprint Advanced Technology Labs 





Program below:

   Technical Tutorial. November 27, 2000.
   
   MORNING SESSION:
   10.00 An Introduction to Optical Networking 
   Presented by Maurice Gagnaire,
   Associate Professor, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications
   1. Introduction
   - Evolution of core, access and local area networks (delay/bandwidth
   product, topology, applications)
   - Potentialities and limits of optical transmission in existing data
   networks (attenuation, chromatic and modal dispersion, non-linear
   effects)
   2. Definition of all-optical networking
   - Objectives and constraints
   - Passive couplers and DWDM
   - The four generations of optical networks
   3. A state of the art in opto-electronic devices and systems
   - Couplers
   - Tunable transmitters and receivers
   - Optical amplifiers
   - Optical regenerators (1R, 2R, 3R)
   - Multiplexers and filters
   - All-wave fibers, dispersion shifted fibers
   - Wavelength converters
   4. Optical LANs
   - Single-hop and multi-hop LANs
   - The folded bus and star topologies
   - MAC protocols for optical LANs
   - Original testbeds: Romulus, OCON, OMFT 5. Optical WANs
   - Optical switching
   - Optical routing
   - Optical burst switching
   - Virtual topology, protection and restoration
   - The G.872 recommandation and the Digital Wrapper concept
   - QoS in optical networks
   6. Optical access networks
   - PONs
   - SuperPONs
   7. Emerging techniques for very high speed optical transmission
   (optional according to time constraints)
   - OTDM
   - Soliton
   8. Open problems in optical networking (granularity, synchronization,
   protocol stack, management) 
   12.00 Lunch 
   AFTERNOON SESSION:
   14.00 Various Directions for the IP Evolution 
   
   Presented by André Danthine, Professor Emeritus, Liege University 
   The goal of this half-day tutorial is to present several directions of
   development of the IP and of the Internet for offering various
   qualities of service, for supporting a connection orientation in the
   IP layer through MPLS and for operating with WDM without or with
   optical cross-connects (ORC).
   Outline
   QoS
   o IntServ or the end-to-end vision
   o DiffServ or the edge-to-edge approach
   o DiffServ and the network services
   MPLS
   o From IP over ATM to MPLS
   o Label creation and distribution
   o DiffServ and MPLS
   WDM and Optical Networks with MPLS
   o A color for each queue with WDM
   o Is WDM with OCX (Optical Cross Connect) the new ATM ?
   16.00 End of the Tutorial 


   Conference Day One. November 28, 2000.
   
   CHAIRMAN
   André Danthine,
   Professor Emeritus,
   Liege University 
   
   09.00 Welcome, registration and coffee
   09.30 KEYNOTE ADDRESS
   The Future of IP over WDM Integration 
   The rapid pace of developments in both Internet applications and
   emerging optical technologies is bringing about fundamental changes in
   networking philosophies. Key trends are the emergence of dynamic
   wavelength provisioning and a corresponding reduction in wavelength
   provisioning timescales. As this transition continues, the current use
   of the wavelength-routing paradigm for carrying bursty Internet
   traffic will likely suffer from various shortcomings associated with
   circuit-switched networks. Meanwhile, optical packet switching
   technology is still facing significant cost and technological hurdles.
   Recently, optical burst switching (OBS), which represents a balance
   between circuit and packet switching, has opened up some exciting new
   dimensions in optical networking. Describing the OBS paradigm, and
   proposing the use of labeled OBS (or LOBS) as a natural control and
   provisioning solution under the ubiquitous IP multi-protocol label
   switching (MPLS) framework.
   [INLINE] Speaker:
   Dr Chunming Qiao, 
   Associate Professor, 
   State University of New York 
   
   SESSION 1:
   INTRODUCTION & STANDARDIZATION UPDATE
   10.00 IP over Optical Standards Update 
   Providing a comprehensive update on the ongoing standardization work
   for IP over DWDM and optical networking, including recent work in the
   IETF, MPLS Forum, Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF), and the Optical
   Domain Service Interconnect (ODSI) Coalition.
   [INLINE] Speaker:
   Andrew Malis, Chair of the Internet Engineering Task Force's IP over
   Optical (IPO) Working Group and Chair of the MPLS Forum Technical
   Committee.
   Vivace Networks
   
   10.30 Standardization of the Optical Transport Network (OTN) in the
   ITU-T
   Covering the status of the standardization activity related to the OTN
   within the International Telecommunications Union. Addressing the
   definition of the OTN Network Node Interface (NNI) which, as
   Recommendation G.709, will be proposed to the approval of Study Group
   15 in February next year. Describing the functionalities identified
   for each of its 3 constituing layers ?Optical Transport Section (OTS),
   Optical Multiplexing Section (OMS) and Optical Channel (OCh).
   Regarding the OCh, the features (payload mapping + overhead + FEC) of
   the so called "digital wrapper" are detailed. Finally, presenting the
   work program of the various ITU-T Study Groups involved in the
   standardization of the OTN. Addressing relations/interactions with
   other standardization bodies (ETSI, ATIS) and foras (IETF, ATMF, OIF).
   [INLINE] Speaker:
   Gilles Joncour, 
   France Telecom R&D
   
   11.00 Coffee break 
   SESSION 2: LAMBDA SWITCHING & CONTROL PLANE
   11.30 Multi-Protocol Lambda Switching
   Describing an approach to the design of control plane for optical
   cross connects (OXCs) which leverages existing control plane technique
   developed for MPLS Traffic Engineering. The proposed approach combines
   recent advances in MPLS Traffic Engineering with OXC technology to (1)
   provide a framework for real-time provisioning of optical channels in
   automatically switched optical networks, (2) foster the expedited
   development and deployment of a new class of versatile OXCs and (3)
   allow the use of uniform semantics for network management and
   operations control in hybrid networks consisting of OXCs and Label
   Switching Routing (LSRs).
   [INLINE] Speaker:
   Yakov Rekhter, Cisco Fellow
   
   12.00 An Overview of Control Plane Architectures for Optical Networks 
   A number of control plane architectures for Optical Networks have been
   proposed and are being developed, including ODSI, the OIF UNI, G.ASON
   and MPL(ambda)S. Examining issues in control plane design and how the
   various architectures address these issues. 
   Speaker:
   Kireeti Kompella, Juniper Networks
   12.30 Lunch 
   14.00 Discussing the Link Management Protocol 
   Future networks will consist of photonic switches, optical
   crossconnects, and routers that may be configured with bundled links
   consisting of a control channel and a number of associated component
   links. Describing an IETF link management protocol (LMP) that runs
   between neighboring nodes and is used to maintain control channel
   connectivity, verify component link connectivity, and isolate link,
   fiber, or channel failures within the network.
   Speaker:
   John Drake, Calient
   14.30 Role of the Optical Layer in the Next Generation Internet 
   The explosion in the demand for bandwidth implies that the Internet
   infrastructure will increasingly become optical. In this talk we
   discuss how the dominant IP traffic will take advantage of the tons of
   bandwidth provided by the optical layer. The optical layer itself can
   be circuit switched, packet switched, or a combination of the two,
   which means that different strategies, dictated by the business
   requirements, will likely provide the best price/performance
   trade-offs. Although the routing and switching of the wavelengths
   and/or packets will continue to be important there is an increasing
   need to make the optical layer as intelligent as possible. Discussing
   the control plane requirements of the optical layer, and presenting
   the various solutions being proposed currently. Presenting the most
   likely evolution scenarios for the optical later control plane that
   will also work with the IP layer signaling and control schemes.
   [INLINE] Speaker:
   Dr. Sudhir S. Dixit,
   Senior Research Manager & Site Manager,
   Nokia Research Center 
   
   SESSION 3: PROTECTION AND RESTORATION
   15.00 Recovery Techniques for IP over WDM Networks 
   Investigating the whole problem of providing survivability in an IP
   over OTN network. Giving an overview, studying and discussing the
   currently available recovery techniques in IP and OTN, but also more
   recent advances in MPLS and DPT. Studying the problem at which level
   to provide recovery mechanisms and if more than one then how to
   coordinate their recovery actions. Covering an investigation of the
   opportunities from a resilience point of view, that are made
   available, through the integration of the IP and OTN level into an
   MPLambdaS network. As last, some advanced OA&M functions and
   performance monitoring features needed for the implementation of such
   resilience strategies are discussed. Including some results from
   simulations.
   [INLINE]
   Speaker:
   Piet Demeester,
   Department of Information Technology
   Ghent University
   
   15.30 Dimensioning Reliable IP over WDM Networks 
   The IETF is currently working on fast recovery techniques for
   MPLS-capable IP networks. Note however that MPLS has recently been
   brought to the optical layer, by assuming that a wavelength can
   represent a label and by replacing the control plane of optical
   network elements (ONEs) with an MPLS like control plane. Such a
   so-called MPLambdaS network opens of course new opportunities to
   replace the SDH-like protection schemes with similar recovery
   techniques as proposed for regular MPLS networks. Investigating how
   these techniques could be ported to the optical layer, since an
   MPLambdaS network has some different characteristics than a regular
   electrical network. For instance, an optical LSP will consume one
   wavelength on each link it passes, which is in contrast with an
   electrical MPLS network, where an established LSP may not consume or
   occupy any resource. Another problem is that two incoming wavelengths
   cannot be merged into a single outgoing wavelength, in a WDM network.
   We will also point-out what the advantages are to control both
   electrical and optical levels with a single control plane. Estimating
   the capacity required for the deployment of a reliable MPLS or
   MPLambdaS network. Describing the requirements of a novel MPLS
   recovery technique, called Fast Topology-Driven Constrained-Based
   Rerouting (FTCR), by comparing its capacity needs with those of other
   proposals.
   Authors:
   Didier Colle, Pim Van Heuven, Mario Pickavet, Chris Develder, Piet
   Demeester, Ghent University - IMEC, Department of Information
   Technology 
   Lampros Raptis, Giorgos Chatzilias, Carmen Mas, Yannis I. Manolessos
   National Technical University of Athens 
   Jaume Comellas, Albert Rafel, Josep Prat, Josep Solé-Pareta, Julio
   Moyano 
   Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya - Advanced Broadband
   Communications Lab.
   Stefano Brunazzi, Salvatore Rotolo 
   Siemens Information and Communication Networks S.p.a 
   Rafal Stankiewicz 
   Univeristy of Mining and Metallurgy - Department of Telecommunications
   Speaker: Didier Colle, Ghent University 
   16.00 Coffee break 
   16.30 Restoration with Optical Cross-Connects in IP Networks 
   Discussing how routers and optical cross-connects work symbiotically
   for efficient end-to-end routing and restoration in the next
   generation networks using MPlS and Composite Links. Terabit switch
   routers match to DWDM bandwidth capacities in a reliable, space, power
   and cost-efficient manner. Additionally some terabit switch routers
   have a capability called "Composite Links" which enables network
   operators with a way to scale a single IP trunk from one
   OC3/OC12/OC48/OC192 to 64XOC192 dynamically without churn to existing
   routing tables. Up to 64 OC192 physical links (Composite Members) can
   be configured as one logical IP link, and members can be added to or
   deleted from the Composite Link dynamically without any impact to
   existing traffic. Furthermore, any two adjacent speeds (OC3/OC12,
   OC12/OC48, OC48/OC192) can be mixed on a composite link providing a
   very smooth in-service network upgrade path to higher speeds. Several
   trends in the past few years have contributed to IP/MPLS/Optical
   architectures for fast restoration and dynamic provisioning of
   IP-Centric networks. Multi-protocol label switching has facilitated
   network control and constrained based routing and traffic engineering
   of networks. In addition, MPLS enables packet-based networks to carry
   delay intolerant traffic with quality of service parallel to that of
   circuit switched networks.
   [INLINE]
   Speaker:
   Yassi Moghaddam,
   Director, Marketing Alliances,
   Avici Systems 
   17.00 Pre-Designed Protection for WDM Optical Ring Networks
   Giving an overview of different protection mechanisms and indicating
   how these mechanisms are being adapted in WDM networks. The primary
   focus of this work is a packet switched network, such as an IP
   network, overlaid on a WDM network. Previous approaches to protection
   have generally assumed two levels of protection_ full protection or no
   protection. Proiposing a protection approach in which all of the
   affected traffic may be partially restored. The level of restoration
   depends on the square ressources reserved for protection.
   Authors:
   Suresh Subramanian, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
   Amrinder Arora and Hyeong-Ah Choi, Department of Computer Science
   The George Washington University
   Speaker: 
   Suresh Subramanian, The George Washington University
   17.30 Design and Modeling of Restoration Algorithms in Survivable
   Optical Networks 
   Presenting a design and modeling framework for routing and restoration
   algorithms for next generation optical mesh networks. This new class
   of networks will provide superior bandwidth management capabilities,
   offer on-demand service provisioning and seamless integration with
   client equipment, such as IP routers, while maintaining the high
   reliability and restoration capabilities at the optical layer.
   Analyzing the provisioning and restoration requirements in order to
   identify the issues that are central to efficient provisioning and
   restoration. Presenting the solution space and discussing several
   alternatives in the light of the provisioning and restoration
   requirements. Providing few specific routing schemes that can be used
   for meeting the optical network-specific requirements. Introducing
   Tellium's StarNet Simulation Tool (SST) which was developed for
   modeling routing and restoration algorithms within optical networks.
   Authors: 
   Subir K. Biswas and R. Ramamurthy,
   Lead Architects of the design of IP-based control protocol for optical
   networks, 
   Tellium Inc. 
   Speaker: 
   Subir K. Biswas, Tellium Inc.
   18.00 End of Day One
   From 18.00 to 22.00 Welcome Reception 




   Conference Day Two. November 29 , 2000.

   CHAIRMAN
   Maurice Gagnaire, 
   Associate Professor, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des
   Télécommunications,
   Paris, France 
   09.00 Welcome and coffee
   09.30 KEYNOTE ADDRESS
   Towards Agile All-Optical Networking 
   There are two important trends emerging in optical networks. The first
   is the move from an opaque network consisting of multiwavelength links
   with electrical processing at their ends to an all-optical network
   where traffic is managed as much as possible in the optical domain.
   The second is the move towards adding agility in the optical
   layer---moving from a dumb network providing static fat pipes towards
   an intelligent network providing dynamic fat pipes on an as-needed,
   when-needed basis. Examining the factors driving this evolution and
   speculates on the different strategies that are emerging to control
   the agile optical networks of the future.
   [INLINE] 
   Speaker:
   Rajiv Ramaswami, 
   Nortel Networks 
   
   SESSION 4: OPTICAL ROUTERS
   10.00 A Protocol for Efficient Packet and Circuit Switching in Optical
   IP Routers
   Describing the SLOB architecture. It has N external links
   (inputs/outputs) and it is composed of a series of S stages. Each
   stage is an internally non-blocking optical cross-connect (OXC)
   interconnected by D internal links (delay-lines) of increasing length
   ([0, ...,D-1]*d*Di where d=delay-line granularity and i=stage after
   delays). Each external link (input/output) or internal link
   (delay-line) within the architecture can carry multiple packets at
   once by means of WDM. Proposing a new protocol that provides a circuit
   QoS category while maintaining the statistical multiplexing capacities
   of packet networks. This protocol has been designed taking into
   account the special characteristics of optical IP routers. The new
   protocol consists in assigning the same delay lines in the optical
   buffer to all packets contained in the same efficient circuit.
   Assigning fixed delay lines to all packets from a circuit guarantees a
   fixed jitter-free end-to-end connection. To avoid synchronization and
   contention issues it is assumed that only one efficient circuit can be
   set up per in/out port wavelength. It is also assumed that the
   wavelengths in the internal links are exclusive for the efficient
   circuit. Assigning exclusive wavelengths guarantees a reliable packet
   loss free end-to-end connection. Due to the shared memory structure of
   the SLOB architecture, this should not represent a significant
   reduction of the overall buffer capacity. The remaining optical buffer
   space is used to schedule and solve contention among conventional
   packets. 
   Speaker:
   Jaume Masip, Electrical Engineer, Advanced Broadband Communications
   Center, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya 
   10.30 Coffee break 
   11.00 Design of WDM Multistage Optical Packet Buffers for IP Traffic
   Presenting the performance analysis and design criteria of amultistage
   buffer architecture for optical packet switching. The architecture
   equipped with a multistage fiber delay line buffer, able to realize
   fine time granularity and long delay. WDM is used to solve switch
   internal blocking and to enhance buffer exploitation. The performance
   of the architecture presented are influenced by many factors, in
   particular by number of wavelengths available, number of hardware
   devices (wavelength converters and selectors), matrix control and
   packet scheluding. Discussing the importance of these issues and
   giving guidelines for the dimensioning of the switching matrix,
   showing that packet loss rates acceptable for IP datagram routing at
   very high speed are achievable.
   [INLINE]
   
   Speaker:
   Franco Callegati, 
   DEIS University of Bologna 
   
   11.30 Scalable IP Routers for DWDM Networks
   The challenge for service providers' POP design is to keep up with the
   rapid pace of traffic growth, while continuing to improve network
   reliability and availability. DWDM transport, web server farms, metro
   fiber, DSL, and cable modems all mean POPs need more and more
   high-speed ports. POPs today handle failures at the relatively slow
   routing protocol level. They use meshes of routers to increase port
   count as well as provide redundancy. But supporting 10s, 100s, and
   1000s of high-speed router ports with meshes of routers gets
   increasingly expensive and inefficient. In order to provide adequate
   bandwidth in the POP, from 50% to over 90% of high speed router ports
   must be dedicated just to connecting the routers to each other. This
   multiplies the POP cost per revenue-generating external port, chews up
   valuable space, power, and operations staff, and complicates efforts
   to make the network fault tolerant. The best solution is a scalable
   router that supports all the needed high-speed ports in a single
   router. The Pluris TeraPlex 20 is a scalable core router. By using
   much simpler internal interfaces to a scalable interconnection fabric,
   all of its router ports can be revenue generating external ports. 
   [INLINE] 
   Speaker:
   Ralf Haller, 
   Pluris Terabit Network Systems 
   
   12.00 Lunch 
   SESSION 5: OPTICAL SWITCHING 
   14.00 Optical Packet Switching in an Internet Environment
   Showing how WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) may be combined
   with fast optical switching to implement optical packet switching, a
   potential transport method for IP (Internet Protocol). While current
   applications of WDM focus on relatively static usage of individual
   wavelength channels, optical switching technologies will enable fast
   dynamic allocation of WDM channels within optical packet switches.
   Reviewing progress on the definition of optical packet switching and
   routing networks capable of providing end-to-end optical paths and/or
   connectionless transport. The encapsulation of IP datagrams into
   optical packets is described, however the main discussion focuses on
   two optical packet switching approaches - one involving fixed-length
   packets in the optical domain, with accompanying fragmentation and
   re-assembly at the edge of the optical packet layer. An alternative
   approach involves the use of variable-length packets at the expense of
   more complex switching and control hardware. It is shown that these
   architectures can handle self-similar traffic much like that in real
   networks.
   Authors: Dr. David K. Hunter, Mr. Chin Soon Hwa, Dr. Meow C. Chia,
   Prof. Ivan Andonovic, Broadband Networks Group, Department of
   Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde
   Speaker: 
   Dr David Hunter, University of Strathclyde 
   14.30 Latest Advances in All-Optical Packet Switching
   The integration of different layers in the network is becoming an
   inevitable trend in the network evolution. Solutions to provide a
   network with high bandwidth, good scalability and easy management are
   being constantly searched from both IP and optical world. While
   Multi-Protocol Lambda Switching is proposed by the IP industry as one
   approach of building IP-centric networks over optical ciucuit-switched
   fiber networks with simplified control and management, all-optical
   packet switching is emerging as a way to further integrate the optical
   layer with the IP/MPLS layer. With the optical device technology
   maturing at the current speed, it is foreseeable that the future
   networks will have to incorporate and take adavantage of all-optical
   packet switching. Discussing and clearifying the incentives of
   pursuing all-optical packet switching. Giving an overview of the
   enabling technologies; and discussing issues involved in the design of
   the control plane of such networks.
   [INLINE]
   Speaker:
   Shun Yao,
   Research Engineer,
   Nokia Research Center 
   
   15.00 A Novel Approach for a Topological and Logical Integration of
   the IP and WDM Domain
   In networking systems involving a number of LSRs and OXCs both
   requiring control planes, MPLS will provide a uniform control plane
   strategy in order to reduce the complexity of managing dissimilar
   networking systems. However, there are a number of differences between
   electronic and optical routers that require special features to be
   implemented in the control plane: Key issues are: - The bandwidth
   granularity is much coarser for an OXC than that for an IP router
   (wavelengths rather than packets). - A further specific requirement
   for the control plane will be to maintain OTN infrastructure
   information in order to facilitate path selection for optical channel
   trails - The most important is that these two layers are likely to be
   under different administrative controls (or ownership) and policies.
   Under such circumstances the service provider who owns the OTN will
   wish to maintain full control of his network. Such an operator would
   not wish to give a client insight into the structure and management of
   the OTN layer as this is his business value Due to these specific
   requirements, which arise from the inherent features of the physical
   infrastructure and the traffic characteristics of the OTN, it is hard
   to imagine the implementation of a common control plane for OXCs and
   LSRs. It makes sense to keep the two control planes independent but
   control coordination between the two can be significantly simplified
   due to the common traffic engineering rules applied in these planes.
   This approach creates the question of how control coordination can be
   achieved between the two domains and introduces an interesting
   application scenario for the deployment of optical packet switching
   (OPS).
   [INLINE]
   
   Speaker:
   Dr Simeonidou,
   John Tabor Laboratories 
   
   15.30 Coffee break 
   16.00 DEBATE 
   Open Issues in Optical Networks
   Which future for SDH ?
   Distributed or centralised management ?
   Which granularity in optical networks ?
   How many wavelength do we really need ? 
   Moderator:
   Maurice Gagnaire, ENST 
   Participants:
   Dr Chunming Qiao, State University of New York
   Rajiv Ramaswami, Nortel Networks
   Dr. David K. Hunter, University of Strathclyde 
   Piet Demeester, Ghent University 
   Ralf Haller, Pluris Terabit Network Systems 
   Yakov Rekhter, Cisco Fellow
   Andrew Malis, Vivace Networks 
   Dominique Chiaroni, Alcatel Corporate Research Center
   Subir K. Biswas, Tellium, inc. 
   17.00 End of Day Two 


   Conference Day Three. November 30, 2000.
   
   CHAIRMAN
   Omar Cherkaoui, 
   Professor, 
   University of Quebec 
   
   09.00 Welcome and coffee
   SESSION 6: OPTICAL NETWORK AND PHOTONIC TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
   09.30 Differentiated Optical Services and WDM Network Management 
   Addressing the issues of scalable end-to-end QoS in Metropolitan DWDM
   networks serving as transit networks for IP access networks. DWDM
   offering few wavelengths have in the past been deployed in backbone
   networks to upgrade point-to-point transmission where sharing is based
   on coarse granularity. This type of DWDM backbone networks offering
   few lightpaths, provides no support for QoS services traversing the
   network. As DWDM networks with larger numbers of wavelengths penetrate
   the data-centric Metro environment, specific IP service requirements
   such as priority restoration, scalability, dynamic provisioning of
   capacity and routes, and support for coarse-grain QoS capabilities
   will have to be addressed in the optical domain in order to achieve
   end-to-end QoS over a DWDM network. Proposing a QoS service model in
   the optical domain called Differentiated Optical Services (DoS) based
   on a set of optical parameters that captures the quality and
   reliability of the optical lightpath Describing the DoS model and
   highlighting issues pertaining to its implementation
   Speaker:
   Nada Golmie, High Speed Networks Technologies Group, NIST 
   10.00 Traffic Grooming in WDM Networks 
   Traffic grooming in optical networks is defined as the act of
   multiplexing, demultiplexing and switching lower rate traffic streams,
   such as those generated by IP, onto high capacity lightpaths. We study
   the usefulness of traffic grooming in WDM Networks from the
   perspective of blocking performance. Two types of networks are
   considered: Constrained Grooming Networks, which perform grooming only
   at OADMs in the nodes and Sparse Grooming Networks, which, in addition
   to grooming at the OADMs, perform traffic stream switching between
   wavelengths at the nodes. We develop analytical models to determine
   the blocking performance for these networks. We study the effect of
   traffic grooming on the blocking performance through simulation and
   analysis. Our results indicate that, at low network loads, increasing
   the granularity in a constrained grooming network increases the
   capacity loss due to blocking. On the other hand, in some cases, for a
   sparse grooming network, increasing the granularity can also be
   beneficial. We show that sparse grooming networks can offer
   significant performance improvement in terms of reduction in blocking
   and in capacity loss, for both the ring and mesh-torus networks.
   However, this performance improvement is not equal across the set of
   traffic streams of different line-speeds. In general, call requests
   that ask for capacity nearer to the full wavelength capacity are bound
   to experience higher blocking than those that ask for a smaller
   fraction. This difference in loss performance is more pronounced as
   the traffic switching capability of the network is increased. We
   provide a simple admission control algorithm to attain fairness in
   performance among connections with different capacity. The algorithm
   provides good capacity fairness while at the same time does not
   over-penalize the overall blocking performance.
   Speaker:
   Arun K. Somani,
   Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 
   Iowa State University 
   10.30 Perspectives of Traffic Management for QoS in Transparent
   Photonic Packet Switching Networks
   The search for long-lasting solutions for the future data-centric
   transport network, not unexpectedly, points to further exploitation of
   transparency within the optical infrastructure. A photonic packet
   switching layer, on top of a transparent optical transport network,
   would be able to accommodate the fast changing traffic requirements of
   the diversified future services. However, this network architecture
   still has to prove its commercial viability by competing with
   promising short-term solutions that use hybrid technologies such as
   Multi Protocol Lambda Switching (MPLmS). Although following different
   paradigms, both approaches are aimed at the seamless integration of
   optical and electrical partitions of the network. A decisive criterion
   for the comparison of the two architectures will be the Quality of
   Service (QoS) provision in an integrated scenario. Discussing some
   implementations to allow QoS guarantee in transparent photonic packet
   switching networks establishing comparisons, whenever possible, with
   the ones for MPLmS.
   [INLINE]
   
   Speaker:
   Moises R. N. Ribeiro, 
   Federal University of Espirito Santo,
   Brazil
   
   11.00 Coffee break 
   11.30 Connection Management for Wavelength-Routed WDM Networks 
   
   In wavelength-routed WDM networks, a control mechanism is required to
   set up and take down all-optical connections. Upon the arrival of a
   connection request, this mechanism must be able to select a route,
   assign a wavelength to the connection, and configure the appropriate
   optical switches in the network. The mechanism must be able to provide
   updates to reflect which wavelengths are currently being used on each
   link so that nodes may make informed routing decisions. In a survival
   WDM network, the mechanism must also be able to restore disrupted
   traffic when a network failure occurs. Investigating distributed
   control mechanisms as well as routing and wavelength-assignment
   algorithms for establishing all-optical connections in a
   wavelength-routed WDM network.
   Speaker:
   Hui Zang, Network Design Engineer, Sprint Advanced Technology Labs
   SESSION 7: METROPOLITAN AND ACCESS NETWORKS
   12.00 Evolution to Data Centric Optical Metropolitan Networks 
   The emerging of new application services and the exponential
   increasing of data traffic (mainly Internet) pose to incumbent Network
   Service Providers (NSP) the problem of the evolution of their metro
   infrastructures to face such trends. Historically NSP have used
   several layers to build their networks: adopting for example IP
   routers over ATM switches over PDH or SDH network elements. If on one
   side existing TDM-based infrastructure of incumbent NSP should evolve
   to support efficiently the exponential growth of data traffic, on the
   other side New Comers should deploy cost-effective infrastructures to
   gain rapidly market shares. As a matter of fact many new NSP are
   entering metropolitan areas with single integrated voice and data
   infrastructure where IP is gaining the role of integration layer for
   multiple services. Nevertheless even when deploying a new IP-based
   infrastructure, there is the need to guarantee the connectivity to
   preexisting legacy networks belonging to the same or to another NSP.
   As such SONET\SDH framings and rates seem to be the most common
   approach to support connectivity to preexisting infrastructures.
   Another driver is the introduction of the DWDM technology. As a matter
   of fact, DWDM point-to-point systems have been already introduced in
   backbone networks to increase transport capacity. Recently DWDM is a
   technology mature to deploy also networking functionality by means of
   Optical Network Elements (ONE) such as OADM and OXC. Again the Optical
   Transport Network (OTN) represents another layer added to the stack.
   [INLINE]
   
   Speaker:
   Antonio Manzalini,
   Senior Researcher, 
   CSELT - Telecom Italia Group
   
   12.30 Lunch 
   14.00 Performance Evaluation of the Spatial Reuse Protocol Fairness
   Algorithm
   In an IP over DWDM scenario, one of the main topics to be solved is
   how IP layer can best be transported directly over a DWDM network. As
   it is not possible to send IP datagrams directly over a physical
   medium because IP does not provide neither bit synchronization nor
   packet delineation, different mapping/framing solutions have been
   proposed in order to encapsulate and adapt IP packets to the DWDM
   layer in a cost-efficient manner, i.e. trying to bypass intermediate
   layers such as ATM and SDH. The Cisco's Dynamic Packet Transport (DPT)
   poses a mapping solution by introducing a new MAC layer protocol known
   as Spatial Reuse Protocol (SRP). This protocol has been mainly
   conceived to be used in ring topologies and takes its name from the
   spatial reuse concept. The spatial reuse concept refers to the fact
   that unicast packets only circulate along spans between the source and
   destination node rather than the whole ring as in other protocols such
   as FDDI and Token Ring. The Spatial Reuse Protocol is basically based
   on two algorithms or protocols. On the one hand, the Intelligent
   Protection Switching (IPS) consists of a protection scheme of the
   ring. On the other hand, the Spatial Reuse Protocol-fairness algorithm
   (SRP-fa) controls the access to the shared media ensuring fairness,
   bounding latency and avoiding privileged nodes or conditions while
   undertaking to prevent congestion. This paper will describe the model
   and performance evaluation results of the access control mechanism
   (SRP-fa), which were obtained by simulations using the OPNET network
   simulation tool.
   Authors:
   Julio Moyano, Bruno Bostica, Josep Solé-Pareta Julio Moyano, 
   Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors
   Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
   14.30 Point to Point Link Protocol for IP over DWDM Access Network
   Nowadays Internet access architectures for residents, SOHO (Small
   Office Home Office) and local area network subscribers are being
   developed largely. The sorts of services that they want here are
   broadcast, point-to-point, and point to multi-point connectivity.
   Describing the provisioning of services using point-to-point protocol
   (PPP) in IP over DWDM access network. PPP is a well-known service in
   circuit-switched telephone networks. But it is also considered a good
   choice for the delivery of broadband services. Because of PPP's
   usefulness in access network, proposing a total solution for
   end-to-end or end-to-provider communication over IP over DWDM access
   network. Point-to-Point Links over IP over DWDM Network satisfy easily
   most of the requirements associated with remote connectivity to an
   NSP, such as IP address assignment, security, and AAA (authentication,
   authorization and accounting). In addition, since ISPs and
   corporations are familiar with PPP based connectivity, easy migration
   from existing ISP infrastructure is expected, if the protocol is light
   (efficient). But so far there is no activity in this area. Presenting
   the solution by using a MPLS tunneling protocol scheme and PPP
   extensions.
   [INLINE]
   
   Speaker:
   Jungjoon Lee, 
   Information and Communications University
   
   15.00 Coffee break 
   SESSION 8: TEST BEDS & PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
   15.30 Level 3: MPLS over DWDM 
   Examining the likely architecture for MPLS backbone networks over a
   DWDM infrastructure. This architecture is designed to reduce cost of
   service and to enable exponential scalability
   - whilst enabling a full range of network services.
   - Bandwidth is price elastic
   - DWDM as competitive cost base
   - Existing layered architecture
   - Future architecture
   - Continuously upgradeable networks
   - MPLS on DWDM: exponential scalability and multiple services
   Speaker:
   Giles Heron, IP Architect, Global Architecture and Optimization, 
   Level 3 Communications 
   16.00 Switching The Best Granularity in Optics: Open Issues
   and Comparison Elements 
   Three IP over WDM main scenarii can be distinguished according to the
   granularity switched but all of them use WDM transmission. In the
   first one, all the traffic is switched as IP datagrams with
   Tera-routers. The second one is either in a peer or overlay model
   based on optical crossconnects(OXC) with more or less isomorphic
   relations between IP routers and OXC. This last scenario can be
   extended to crossconnect switching band of wavelengths or fiber. Last,
   optical packet or optical burst switches are used to process the
   encapsulated IP traffic inside the optical network. In second and
   third cases, the IP traffic has to aggregated at the edge of the
   optical network according to the Forwarding Equivalent Class in an
   MPLS-like context.
   Presenting some results from performance study for packetization in
   different optical formats. Addressing some unsolved issues related to
   protocol interworking between IP and a MPLS-based Traffic Engineering
   for the optical networks including traffic partitioning, congestion
   control, load balancing and survivability problems
   Emmanuel Dotaro, Optical Systems Department,
   Alcatel Corporate Research Center
   16.30 VTHD French NGI Initiative: IP and WDM Interworking with WDM
   Channel Protection 
   The VTHD project aims at deploying a nation-wide broadband IP test-bed
   to experiment the technological building blocks integral to NGI
   networking.The test-bed architectural option takes into account both
   the quality of service (QoS) requirements and bandwidth provisioning
   issues. It relies on the shortcut IP over WDM layering in order to
   benefit from the optical fibre bandwidth tank. Experimental results
   are reported that exhibit how 1+1 channel protection and IP rerouting
   interwork in case of channel failure over a metropolitan WDM ring.
   Discussing issues on automated provisioning and restoration of
   lightpaths, constrainted-based optical routing in the context of the
   VTHD platform.
   Speaker:
   Christian Guillemot, France Telecom
   17.00 The RAP Scheme Description 
   The RAP ('Réseau Académique Parisien) which means ''Parisian district
   network for education'' was initiated by the french Direction of
   research in february 1998. RAP is relating to all the schools of
   higher education in Paris (Universities, institutes, specialised
   colleges of university level, the Department of Education and
   Sciences,), the CNRS (National Center for Scientific Eesearch) and
   INSERM (National Institute for Health and Medical Research) existing
   on the various sites of education. At first, a study was set up and
   made an assessment of the current situation and of the eventual
   possibilities in term of constructions, services or technologies with
   a target of a very high rate network in order to fill the new needs in
   application (programs). This appraisal allowed to develop the main
   lines of the scheme at the main different levels (functioning,
   technology and finances). The strong points and objectives following
   from this are:
   - a network made ''for and with the concerned community'', able to
   come up to the expectations and to fit the new plans. A total mastery
   in transparency (for its management, the control of development, ) is
   the garanty for a network serving the community it was made for.
   
   - An optic structure in ''optical fibre'' and DWDM, ATM and gigabit
   protocols, services with added value and an administration forming a
   coherent whole open to a large scale of possibilities for output as
   much as for protocols and offered services.
   
   - A financial cost which is competitive in investment and fair in
   functioning, considering the given prospects.
   Speaker:
   Jean-Paul Gautier, Network Engineer, CNRS 
   17.30 End of the Conference
   


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