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Lviv,
also Lvov, capital of L'viv Oblast, Ukraine. The city is an
important transportation and industrial center; manufactures
include electronic equipment, motor vehicles, agricultural
machinery, chemicals, textiles, and processed food. Long
a leading cultural center, L'viv is the site of L’viv State University
(1784) and a number of theaters and museums. It is the seat of
Roman Catholic, Ukrainian Orthodox, and Armenian Orthodox
archbishops and has two churches dating from the 14th century.
L'viv was founded about 1256 and soon became an important commercial center. Captured by the Poles in 1340, the city remained under Polish rule for most of the period until 1772, when it passed to Austria and became the capital of the province of Galicina. During World War I (1914-18) bitter fighting took place in and around the city. In 1919 L'viv was annexed by Poland. It was seized by Soviet troops in 1939, during World War II, and later was occupied by the German army from 1941 to 1944. In 1945 L'viv was ceded by Poland to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and became part of Ukrainian SSR; the city was named Lvov during this period. When Ukraine became independent in 1991, the name L'viv was restored. Population (1990 estimate) 798,000.
Source: Microsoft Encarta 98© | |||