URBAN COMBAT HISTORY: WIN, LOSE OR DRAW?

Latest M113A3 model 11-Ton AFV is awesome

"The practical value of history is to throw the film of the past through the material projector of the present onto the screen of the future."

B.H. Liddell Hart, Thoughts on War

People fight wars and people live in CITIES

VICTORIES

Panama:

Operation Just Cause: Planning and Execution (JCS Joint History Office,)
Operation Just Cause: Lessons Learned U.S. Army CALL, Volume I: Soldiers and Leadership
Operation Just Cause: Lessons Learned U.S. Army CALL, Volume II: Operations
Operation Just Cause: Lessons Learned U.S. Army CALL, Volume III: Intelligence, Logistics, and Equipment
M113 AFVs in combat in Panama 1st TSG (A)
Light tanks air-delivered into Panama: key to victory 1st TSG (A) special report
MOUT: Various Tactical Topics/Discussions/Lessons U.S. Army CALL
Fire Support problems encountered, overcome 1st TSG (A) analysis
Operation Acid Gambit U.S. Army Delta Force Rescue of Kurt Muse
U.S. Army Rangers jump into the night in Panama 1st TSG (A) battle report

Bosnia:

Chronology of the Battle and Siege of Sarajevo
There IS a military solution to Bosnia Fort Bragg POST, 1995

The Balkan Quagmire Myth (Washington Post)
Intelligence and the UN: Lessons from Bosnia - A Canadian Experience (USAIC)
Engineers in Bosnia: An Overview U.S. Army CELL
Buidling a Lions' Den in Bosnia U.S. Army Armor magazine
British Armed Forces in the UN Protection Force (Operation GRAPPLE) (USAIC, intelligence)
The Bosnia-Herzegovina Resettlement Challenge U.S. Army CALL
Rebuilding the Economic Base U.S. Army CALL, Operations Joint Endeavor and Joint Guard
Mind Games (KCET- L.A. - transcript on PSYOPS)
The Military Structure, Strategy and Tactics of the Warring Factions (UN, 1992 report

Haiti:

AIRBORNE forces save the day in Haiti 1st TSG (A) report
Lessons from Operation Restore Democracy (U.S. Army IC, intelligence)
Engineer Roles in Stabilizing Haiti U.S. Army CELL
Firefighting in Haiti U.S. Army Logistician magazine
BSA Defense in Cap-Haitien U.S. Army Logistician magazine
Hiring Local Labor Cap-Haitien, U.S. Army Logistician magazine

Gulf War

Airpower and the Iraqi Offensive at Khafji
Lessons Learned in 1972 Eastertide Pay Off (THN, Khafji)
Baghdad: The Urban Sanctuary in Desert Storm? U.S. Air Force Airpower Journal)

Korea:

American Caesar: GEN Douglas MacArthur by William Manchester
The Inchon Landing: A Case Study in Amphibious Planning U.S. Navy Naval War College Review)
The Landing at Inchon U.S. Army CMH, Inchon, Kimpo to the Han)
The Capture of Seoul U.S. Army CMH)
The Battle for Seoul (BGen Simmons' address to AWS students)
The Capture of P'yongyang U.S. Army CMH, chaos in Sariwon

The Cold War: Berlin Airlift, Domincan Republic, Congo, Kolwezi, Afghanistan, Czechloslavakia, Entebbe

Belgian Para-Commandos Rescue hostages in Congo U.S. Army CMH, Stanleyville, November 1964)

Dragon Rouge: Belgian Paratroopers jump into the Congo

French Foreign Legion Paras jump into Africa 1st TSG (A) battle report
Berlin's Division (1945-1989)
The Berlin Airlift (THN)
The Berlin Airlift (USAF Museum)
The Berlin Airlift (Harry S. Truman Library)

The Lebanon Operation: 15 July - 25 October 1958 U.S. Army CMH, Beirut

World War II:

European Theater:

Interview: The Bitter Battle for Berlin (THN)
The Warsaw Uprising
In Desperate Battle: Normandy 1944 (Multiple articles on Caen, see Carpiquet on sub-terrainian operations)
Utah Beach to Cherbourg U.S. Army CMH, Battle of Carentan and Fall of Cherbourg)
St Lo Was No Cinch U.S. Army Yanks magazine reprint)
Paris Libere (25 August 1944 Liberation of Paris)
Paris' Unlikely Savior (THN, Last days of German occupation)
The Battle at Stalingrad
The Battle at Stalingrad (Another site by the same name)
Grabbing the Wolf by its Ears (The Russian Stand at Stalingrad)
Winter Tempest in Stalingrad (THN)
The Stalingrad Battle
Stalingrad: An Examination of Hitler's Decision to Airlift U.S. Air Force Airpower Journal)
Air Raids on Helsinki
Luftwaffe Operations over the Bristol Area
The Effects of Strategic Bombardment Upon the German Home Front (1942-45)
The Battle of the Ruhr
Canada - Italy 1943-45 (battle at Ortona - "Little Stalingrad")

Pacific Theater:

The Fall of Singapore Yamashita uses bicycle-infantry
Manila: How Open Was This Open City? (THN)
A Savage Christmas: The Fall of Hong Kong
The Bomb that Ended World War II (THN, Nagasaki)

American Civil War:

Vicksburg
Last Ditch Rebel Stand at Petersburg (THN)
The Struggle for St. Louis (THN)

American War of Independence:

The British in Philadelphia: 1777 (Also Brandywine and Germantown)
Cornwallis (Yorktown 1781)
Victory Snatched Away (THN, Savannah 1779)

DEFEATS

Lebanon

Lebanon: 1982-1984 (Rand)

Sanctuary and Survival: The PLO in Lebanon

Chechnya 1993-present?

The Battle for Grozny, New Years Eve Day, 1994 by Adam Geibel, U.S. Army Infantry Magazine

Caucasus Nightmare: Red Dawn in Chechnya (Adam Geibel, Campaign Chronicle, U.S. Army Armor magazine

Concrete Jungle - The Future City Fight in Africa (Adam Geibel, Grozny: applicable elsewhere)
The Chechen Crisis: Background and Future Implications (CSRC)
Wounded Bear: The Ongoing Russian Military Operations in Chechnya (FMSO)
Changing Russian Urban Tactics: The Aftermath of the Battle for Grozny (FMSO)
Why the Russian Military Failed in Chechnya (FMSO)
Russian Urban Tactics: Lessons from the Battle for Grozny (NDU)
A Face of Future Battle: Chechen Fighter Shamil Basayev U.S. Army Military Review)
Russian-Manufactured Armored Vehicle Vulnerability in Urban Combat: The Chechnya Experience (FMSO)
Caucasus Conflict and Russian Security: The Russian Armed Forces Confront Chechnya (FMSO, Part 1)
Caucasus Conflict and Russian Security: The Russian Armed Forces Confront Chechnya (FMSO, Part 2)
The Chechen War: Part III (FMSO, Part I and Part II not currently on-line)
Frontal and Army Aviation in the Chechen Conflict (CSRC)
Air Operations in LIC: The Case of Chechnya U.S. Air Force Airpower Journal
Chechen Caravan Trails (CSRC, regional infrastructure in support of Chechens)
Chechnya (Rand)
Chechnya: One Year of War (Pax Christi International Report)
Articles Related to the Chechen Republic (Chechen site)
To Live and Die in Grozny ( U.S. News and World Report)
Russians Losing Badly in Second Battle of Grozny (16 August 1996)
Chechnya News Archive (Chechen site, last updated 7 June 1995)
Chechen Republic Online (Chechen site, war related links)
The Fall of Grozny (UK site, GQ)
Combat Situation in Grozny - 16 August 1996 (Russian News Service Map)

Old Urban Battles Lost

Named Campaigns - War With Spain U.S. Army CMH, Santiago - Manila, 1898)
Londonderry: City of Refuge
Bazeilles (French Marines 1870)
Costly Retreat from Moscow (THN, firestorm in Moscow, Napoleon)
Napoleon Takes Charge (THN, Paris 1795)
The Siege of Herat (Afghanistan 1837-1838)
The Battle of Vienna (1683)
The 1456 Siege of Belgrade (THN)

DRAWS

Somalia

Are we preparing for thre wrong pattern of war? 1st TSg (A) special report
Blackhawk Down
Somalia: An Operation Other Than War MGen Steven Arnold, U.S. ArmyMilitary Review magazine
Task Force Ranger (160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment [Night Stalkers] Homepage)
Operation Restore Hope (Synopsis, FAS)
Targeting in MOUT: The Somalia Perspective U.S. Army CALL
Somalia Update: MOUT U.S. Army CALL
The Need for Snipers in MOUT U.S. Army CALL
Waltzing with Warlords: Will the West Make Martyrs of Thugs in Somalia?
Fighting for Hope in Somalia
NomadNet: Intervention in Somalia (Press reports, insights, and opinions - multiple sites)
Somalia: Lessons From a Humanitarian Intervention (Overview)
United Shield Background Briefing (Withdrawal from Mogadishu)


Northern Ireland:

The British Army in Northern Ireland (UK official site)
The British Military Garrison in Ireland (Sinn Fein site)
Sinn Fein
The Irish Republican Army (Irish Interest Group - University of Texas)
Security, Crime and Policing in Northern Ireland
The Independent Review of Parades and Marches
The Bloody Sunday Inquiry (Ongoing inquiry into the 30 January 1972 incident in Londonderry)
Remembering Bloody Sunday
In the Line of Fire (Londonderry, 1996)
The Ulster Special Constabulary

Vietnam:

LTC John Paul Vann saves Vietnam 1st TSG (A) report
Vietnamese Defense Against Aerial Attack
106mm Recoilless Rifles at Hue City 1st TSG (A)
Tet In Hue (THN)
Mean Streets (Hue, excerpt from Fire in the Streets)
A Marine's Tour of Duty (Hue)
Witness to Hue
A Chaplain Remembers the Battle for Hue
Cakewalk Series (From rice paddies to a link-up in Hue)
Father Aloysius P. McGonigal: Battlefield Hero Without a Gun (Hue)
The Battle for Hue: Casualty and Disease Rates During Urban Warfare (Short abstract from Military Medicine
SOG III (MACV Studies and Observations Group - Terrorism in Saigon)
SOG VII (Tet Offensive - Part One - Saigon)
SOG VIII (Tet Offensive - Part Two - Saigon)
The Tet Offensive
The Tet Offensive of 1968 (U.S. Army Military Police - Saigon)
Knocking on Heaven's Door (Tet - Saigon)
TET: Jan 31, 1968 (Saigon)
Tet In Pleiku (THN)
The Fall of Saigon (The Final Perimeter)
The Fall of Saigon (The Last to Leave)
The Fall of Saigon (The DAO Compound and Evacuation)
The Fall of Saigon (The DAO Compound)
The Fall of Saigon (The Walk)
The Fall of Saigon (Letter to CMC)
Last Flight Out of Saigon
Return to Khe Sanh (Cultural, Hue now)

COULD IT HAPPEN HERE IN THE U.S.?

Partnership for Peace Emergency Preparedness Program (Civil Defense Technology Workshop)
Domestic State Violence (History)
Lessons in Command and Control from the Los Angeles Riots U.S. Army Parameters magazine
OOTW Civil Disturbance: The L.A. Riots U.S. Army CALL
Operation JTF-LA (FAS, Synopsis, Los Angeles Riots)
Combat in the Cities: The L.A. Riots and Operation Rio (FMSO)
Operation Rio, Taking Back the Streets (Brazilian Operations in Rio de Janeiro, U.S. Army Military Review magazine
Domestic Operations: The Canadian Approach U.S. Army Parameters magazine
Using Force of Arms to Provide Domestic Security (FMSO, a Russian view)
Russia's Internal Forces: Hot Spot Stabilizer Within Russia (FMSO)
Tactics, Techniques and Procedures for Civil Disturbances U.S. Army CALL, Operation Joint Endeavor, Maglaj)
Kent State, May 4 1970: America Kills its Children
Kent State: An NCO's Perspective
The Cities: What Next? (Time, U.S. 1967)
Individual and Collective Violence in Riots
EMERCOM: Russia's Emergency Response Team (FMSO)
The National Guard in Disaster Relief Operations (Hawaii National Guard, Hurricane Iniki)

RECENT OPERATIONS AND PREPARATIONS ENOUGH?

Liberia:

Guardian Retrieval or media show? (scroll doen for description of how USAF/Army was already there weeks before to do NEO but had to wait for mc for "political" reasons

Factions, Foreigners and Fantasies: Civil War in Liberia (CSRC, Monrovia)
Liberia: Issues for The U.S. (FAS, 1847-1996, Monrovia)
Peacekeeping - Perils and Prospects ("Big Ten" Lessons Learned from Somalia, Rwanda, Haiti, and Bosnia)
Hazards and Risks Virtual Library (Civil disturbances, fires, geological events)
Bring Avenger HMMWVs with rockets to the fight Peace Operations: Effect of Training, Equipment, and Other Factors on Unit Capability (GAO report)
Peace Operations: A Comparison of Somalia and Haiti (NDU)
Panama and Haiti (Rand, overview and background)
Fire Support Review (MOUT fire support, ROE, media relations)
The Sloveian War of Independence (Sloveian site)
MOUT: Lessons Learned U.S. Army CALL, Aachen, Brest, Ft. Montbarey, Iraq and Iran)
Urban Combat Training U.S. Army 3rd Bn, 14th Inf, 10th Mtn. Div (Light)
Urban Warrior Homepage (Warfighting Lab)
Close Fighting: A Quick Look at Urban Warrior's First LOE (Warfighting Lab)
Concrete Jungles (Marines Magazine article on Urban Warrior)
Pilots Perfect Urban Navigational Skills (meu exercise, Jacksonville, FL)
Urban Warrior Wargame II (Player cell outbriefs, USMC seminar wargame)
Peace Enforcement U.S. Army Military Review magazine (Details of FTX at the JRTC)
Fire Support for MOUT U.S. Army CALL, lessons from the JRTC)
FIBUA: New Twists on the Old Game (Canada, Infantry Journal, MOUT vs FIBUA, tactics)
Reducing the Cost of Reducing ObstaclesU.S. Army CALL
Paragon Soldier: Newfs Train in Florida (Canada, FIBUA training)
The Unit Ministry Team in MOOTW (FTX at the Combat Manuever Training Center)
Marines to Experiment in Chicago (MCWL, short PAO article on TEWT/urban familiarization)
Marine Thai MOUT Training (Short article on U.S.-Thai joint training)
R&S Marines Set Their Sights on Urban Targets (Short article on sniper training)
3rd Battalion, 3rd Marines Sweep Combat Town (Short article on MOUT training)
Marines Deploy Non-lethal Weapons to Stop Mock Melee (Union Tribune article on MOUT training)

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