Study guide for exam #2

 

Anatomical Terms

 

You are responsible for the readings that correspond to the lecture material (i.e. no CANS). For the following terms be able to answer the following questions: Where is it located ? What are the approximate dimensions (if mentioned in class or readings)? What is it? What is its function? What is it made of (bone, cartilage, skin, tissue, etc.)? What are its parts (if applicable)?

 

Outer ear

Pinna

Helix

Antihelix

Scaphoid fossa

Triangular fossa

Tragus

Concha

Lobule

External auditory meatus

External auditory canal

Middle ear

Membranous wall

Tympanic membrane

            Pars Tensa

            Pars Flaccida

Labyrinthine wall

            Oval window

            Round window

Tegmental wall

Jugular wall

Mastoid wall

Carotid wall

            Eustachian tube

Ossicles

Malleus

Incus

Stapes

            Footplate

Tensor tympani

Stapedius

Bony labyrinth

Bony cochlea

Vestibule

Semicircular canals

Membranous labyrinth

Basal turn of cochlea

Medial turn of cochlea

Apical turn of cochlea

Modiolus

Internal auditory canal

8^th cranial nerve

Spiral ganglion

Osseous spiral lamina

Habenula perforata

Scala tympani

Scala vestibuli

Scala media

            cochlear duct

            membranous cochlea

Perilymph

Endolymph

Basilar membrane

Reissner’s membrane

Helicotrema

Stria vascularis

Organ of Corti

Inner hair cells

Outer hair cells

            Similarities

            Differences

Reticular lamina

Stereocilia

Tectorial membrane

Mitochondria

Subsurface layers

8^th nerve fibers

            Tonotopicity

            Exit from cochlea

            Entrance to CANS

 

 

Physiological Terms

 

For the following terms be able to answer the following questions: What is the function? What structures are involved? How does it play a role in hearing and/or transmitting acoustic information?

 

Resonance

Impedance matching transformer

Areal effect

Lever effect

Ossicular chain movement

Vibration of stapes footplate (which movement is best; what is the intensity cutoff for the different movements?)

Traveling wave

            Place of maximum vibration & relationship to frequency of stimulus

Basilar membrane characteristics

            Stiffness

            Mass (Width)

Contact of cilia with TM

Otoacoustic emissions

Spontaneous firing rate

Spike

Tuning curves

            Characteristic frequency (CF)

            Tails

            Shapes of tuning curves at different frequencies

PST histograms

            Pattern of response of 8^th nerve

Phase locking

Two tone suppression

Place theory of hearing

Temporal theory of hearing

Neural excitation pattern