Appenzell was at first part of the possessions of the Abbey of Sankt Gallen.
In 1411 its inhabitants revolted and founded the Volksbund Appenzell, which allied
itself first with some of the Swiss Cantons and later, in 1452, with the whole Swiss
Confederation, becoming a member of it in 1513.
In 1597, following religious strifes between Catholic and Protestant communities,
the Canton was split into two half cantons :
- the Protestant half canton of Appenzell - Ausserrhoden
incorporating 7 - later 20 - "Rhoden" (Bailiwicks) :
- Bühler - Speicher
- Gais - Stein
- Heiden - Teufen
- Herisau - Trogen
- Lutzenberg - Unter Hundwil
- Ober Hundwil - Urnäsch
- Rehestobel - Wald
- Reute - Waldstatt
- Schönengrund - Walzenhausen
- Schwelbrunn - Wolfhalden
- the Catholic half canton of Appenzell - Innerrhoden
incorporating 9 "Rhoden" :
- Gonter - Rüte
- Lehn - Schlatt
- Ober Egg - Schwende
- Ober Hirschberg - Stecklenegg
- Rinkenbach
(Until 1803 the two half cantons maintained a certain unity : they shared the same
coat of arms and banners, governed the village of Appenzell in common, etc.)
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CHIEF EXECUTIVES
Landammänner
The Landammann chaired the meetings of the Staatskommission/State Commission (from
1855 to 1876) and then of the Regierungsrat/Council of Government (since 1876) -
both collective leaderships - and performed some representative duties.
1846 - 1848 Jakob Zellweger (III) (3x) 1805 - 1873
1848 - 1850 Johann Heinrich Tanner (2x) 1799 - 1875
1850 - 1852 Johann Konrad Oertli 1816 - 1861
1852 - 1854 Josef Frehner 1815 - 1876
1854 - 1856 Jakob Sutter 1812 - 1865
1856 - 1858 Josef Frehner (2x)
1858 - 1861 ...
1861 - 186. Johannes Roth 1812 - 1870
1866 - 186. Friedrich Zürcher 1820 - 1888
1869 - 1871 Johannes Hohl 1813 - 1878
1871 - 1873 Ulrich Sutter 1822 - 1882
1873 - 1875 Arnold Roth 1836 - 1904
1875 - 1877 Jakob Hohl 1834 - 1913
1877 - 1880 ...
1880 - 1883 Konrad Sonderegger 1834 - 1899
1883 - 1886 ...
1886 - 1889 Jakob Sturzenegger 1836 - 1893
1889 - 1892 Johannes Zuberbühler 1837 - 1904
1892 - 1895 Jakob Sonderegger 1838 - 1905
1895 - 1898 Johannes Zuberbühler (2x)
1898 - 1901 Jakob Konrad Lutz 1841 - 1928
1901 - 1904 Arthur Eugster 1863 - 1922
1904 - 1907 ...
1907 - 1910 Arthur Eugster (2x)
1910 - 1913 Johannes Baumann 1874 - 1953
1913 - 1916 Jakob Tobler 1883 - 1964
1916 - 1919 Johannes Baumann (2x)
1919 - 1921 Hans Ruckstuhl 1868 - 1948
1921 - 1924 Johannes Baumann (3x)
1924 - 1927 Gustav Altherr 1870 - 1954
1927 - 1930 Johannes Baumann (4x)
1930 - 1933 Gustav Altherr (2x)
1933 - 1936 Walter Ackermann 1890 - 1969
1936 - 1939 Gustav Altherr (3x)
1939 - 1942 Walter Ackermann (2x)
1942 - 1945 Alfred Hofstetter 1869 - 1955
1945 - 1948 Walter Ackermann (3x)
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