BAHIA (DE TODOS OS SANTOS)
BRAZILIAN PROVINCE OF BAHIA
The Portuguese capitania of Bahia de Todos os Santos was established in 1534 It became a Província (Province) of the independent Empire of Brazil in 1822. __________________________________________________________________________________CHIEF EXECUTIVES
Presidents of the Province of Bahia Presidentes da Província da Bahia (many acting presidents are missing) 1847 - 1848 João José de Moura Magalhães 1848 Manoel Messias de Leão* 1848 João Duarte Lisboa Serra 1818 - 1855 1848 Joaquim José Pinheiro de Vasconcelos 1788 - 1884 1848 - 1850 Francisco Gonçalves Martins, visconde de São Lourenço 1807 - 1872 1850 Álvaro Tibério de Moncorvo e Lima* 1850 - 1852 Francisco Gonçalves Martins, visconde de São Lourenço (2x) 1852 Álvaro Tibério de Moncorvo e Lima* (2x) 1852 - 1853 João Maurício Wanderley 1815 - 1889 1853 - 185. Álvaro Tibério de Moncorvo e Lima* (3x) 185. - 1855 João Maurício Wanderley (2x) 1855 - 1856 Álvaro Tibério de Moncorvo e Lima (4x) 1856 - 1858 João Lins Vieira Cansansão de Sinimbú, visconde de Sinimbú 1810 - 1908 1858 Manoel Messias de Leão* (2x) 1858 - 1859 Francisco Xavier Paes Barreto 1859 Manoel Messias de Leão* (3x) 1859 - 1860 Herculano Ferreira Penna 1860 - 1861 Antônio da Costa Pinto 1861 José Augusto Chaves* 1861 - 1862 Joaquim Antão Fernandes Leão 1862 - 1863 Antônio Coelho de Sá e Albuquerque 1863 - 1864 Manoel Maria do Amaral* 1864 Antônio Joaquim da Silva Gomes 1864 - 1865 Luíz Antônio Barbosa de Almeida 1865 - 1866 Manuel Pinto de Sousa Dantas 1866 - 1867 Ambrósio Leitão da Cunha 1867 - 1868 José Bonifácio Nascentes de Azambuja 1868 Antônio Ladislau de Figueiredo Rocha* 1868 - 1869 Francisco Gonçalves Martins, barão de São Lourenço (3x) 1869 Antônio Ladislau de Figueiredo Rocha* (2x) 1869 - 1871 Francisco Gonçalves Martins, barão de São Lourenço (4x) 1871 - 1872 João Antônio de Araujo Freitas Henriques 1872 João José de Almeida Couto* 1872 - 1873 Joaquim Pires Machado Portella 1873 João José de Almeida Couto* (2x) 1873 José Eduardo Freire de Carvalho* 1873 - 1874 Antônio Candido de Cruz Machado 1874 - 1875 Venancio José de Oliveira Lisboa 1875 - 1877 Luiz Antônio da Silva Nunes 1877 - 1878 Henrique Pereira de Lucena 1878 José Eduardo Freire de Carvalho* (2x) 1878 Francisco Ignácio Marcondas Homem de Mello, barão Homem de Mello 1837 - 1904 1878 - 1881 Antônio de Araujo Aragão Bulcão 1881 - 1882 João Lustosa da Cunha Paranaguá 1882 João dos Reis de Souza Dantas* 1882 Domingos Antônio Raiol 1830 - 1912 1882 - 1884 Pedro Luis Pereira de Sousa 1884 João Rodrigues Chaves 1884 - 1885 Espiridião de Barros Pimentel 1885 - 1886 Theodoro Machado Freire Pereira da Silva 1886 Aurélio Ferreira Espinheira* 1886 - 1888 João Capistrano Bandeira de Mello 1888 - 1889 Manoel do Nascimento Machado Portella 1889 Aurélio Ferreira Espinheira* (2x) 1889 José Luiz de Almeida Couto
BRAZILIAN STATE OF BAHIA
In 1889 Bahia became an original Estado (State) of the Brazilian Republic. The state was selfgoverning except for the years 1930 - 1935 and 1937 - 1946 when the central government imposed direct rule. (1) (1) Canudos The Bahian sertão, in the North Eastern part of the state was one of the poorest regions of Brazil. It was here that ca 1870, Antonio Vicente Mendes Maciel (1830 - 1897) - a trader who had turned mystic and who became known as Antônio Conselheiro - started preaching, healing and settling disputes between the locals, soon being considered as a prophet or messiah. He gained many followers especially after one of the worst droughts in the history of the Northeast in 1877. Although there had been some conflicts with church and state officials at the time of the Empire, it was only after the proclamation of the Republic and the establishment of a regular administration in the region that his movement became more political, the Republic being considered as an "Empire of Evil", the cause of all problems. In 1893 he made a place called Canudos the center of his activities against the republican regime. His "reign" as de facto head of the region lasted here until 1897 when he and nearly all his followers were killed. __________________________________________________________________________________CHIEF EXECUTIVES
Presidents Presidentes 1889 Virgílio Clímaco Damásio 1838 - 1913 1889 - 1890 Manoel Victorino Pereira 1853 - 1902 1890 LtCol. Hermes Ernesto da Fonseca 1855 - 1923 1890 Virgílio Clímaco Damásio* (2x) 1890 - 1891 José Gonçalves da Silva 1838 - 1911 1891 Gen. Tude Soares Neiva 1891 - 1892 Adm. Joaquim Leal Ferreira* 1826 - 1900 1892 - 1896 Joaquim Manoel Rodrigues Lima 1845 - 1903 1896 - 1900 Luiz Viana 1846 - 1920 1900 - 1904 Severino dos Santos Vieira 1849 - 1917 1904 - 1908 José Marcelino de Souza 1848 - 1917 1908 - 1911 João Ferreira de Araújo Pinho 1851 - 1917 1911 - 1912 Aurélio Rodrigues Viana* 1864 - 1939 1912 Bráulio Xavier da Silva Pereira* 1863 - 1936 1912 - 1916 José Joaquim Seabra 1855 - 1942 1916 - 1920 Antônio Ferrão Moniz de Aragão 1875 - 1931 1920 - 1924 José Joaquim Seabra (2x) 1924 - 1928 Francisco Marques de Góes Calmon 1874 - 1932 1928 - 1930 Vital Henrique Baptista Soares 1874 - 1933 1930 Frederico Augusto Rodrigues da Costa 1851 - 1932 Federal Interventors Interventores Federais 1930 Gen. Jacintho Ataliba Osório 1873 - 1945 1930 - 1931 Leopoldo Afrânio Bastos do Amaral 1893 - 1965 1931 Artur Neiva 1880 - 1943 1931 Gen. Raymundo Rodrigues Barbosa 1875 - 1968 1931 - 1935 Capt. Juracy Montenegro Magalhães 1905 - 2001 Governor Governador 1935 - 1937 Capt. Juracy Montenegro Magalhães s.a. Federal Interventors Interventores Federais 1937 - 1938 Col. Antônio Fernandes Dantas 1881 - 1966 1938 - 1942 Landulfo Alves de Almeida 1893 - 1954 1942 - 1945 Gen. Renato Onofre Pinto Aleixo 1890 - 1963
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