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WOODROW WILSON
[Library of Congress]
1856-1924
28th President (1913-1921)
Education: College of New Jersey (now Princeton), Johns Hopkins
Occupation: college professor and administrator
Political Affiliation: Democrat
Religious Affiliation: Presbyterian
Summary of Religious Views:
Wilson, whose father was a theologian, had an upbringing steeped in religion, and remained deeply religious throughout his life. He was a frequent church-goer, and read the Bible regularly, especially toward the end of his life.
Views on Religion & Politics:
Wilson's religious views were the driving force in his political career, informing his quest for world peace.
Quotations:
"[The Bible is] a book which reveals men unto themselves, not as creatures in bondage, not as men under human authority, not as those bidden to take counsel and command of any human source. It reveals every man to himself as a distinct moral agent, responsible not to men, not even to those men whom he has put over him in authority, but responsible through his own conscience to his Lord and Maker. Whenever a man sees this vision he stands up a free man, whatever may be the government under which he lives, if he sees beyond the circumstances of his own life." -- speech on the tercentenary of the King James Bible, Denver, 7 May 1911
"My life would not be worth living if it were not for the driving power of religion, for faith, pure and simple. I have seen all my life the arguments against it without ever having been moved by them . . . never for a moment have I had one doubt about my religious beliefs. There are people who believe only so far as they understand -- that seems to me presumptuous and sets their understanding as the standard of the universe . . . I am sorry for such people." -- letter to Nancy Toy, 1915
"It does not become America that within her borders, where every man is free to follow the dictates of his conscience, men should raise the cry of church against church. To do that is to strike at the very spirit and heart of America." -- speech, 4 November 1915
References, Links, & Further Reading: Books, Articles, Links
Books
Works by Woodrow Wilson
ed. by Arthur S. Link, et al., The Papers of Woodrow Wilson, 69 vols., Princeton Univ. Press, 1966-1994
Congressional Government: A Study in American Politics, Houghton Mifflin, 1885
The State: Elements of Historical and Practical Politics: A Sketch of Institutional History and Administration, D.C. Heath, 1889
Division and Reunion, 1829-1889, Longmans, Harper, 1902
A History of the American People, 5 vols., Harper, 1902; 10 vols., Harper, 1917-1918; Vol. I Vol. II Vol. III Vol. IV Vol. V Vol. VI Vol. VII Vol. VIII Vol. IX
Constitutional Government in the United States, Columbia Univ. Press, 1908
Biographies
Lloyd Ambrosius, Woodrow Wilson and the American Diplomatic Tradition: The Treaty Fights in Perspective, Cambridge, 1987
Ray Stannard Baker, Woodrow Wilson: Life and Letters, 8 vols., Doubleday, Page, 1927-1939
John Morton Blum, Woodrow Wilson and the Politics of Morality, Little, Brown, 1956
H. W. Brands, Woodrow Wilson, Times Books, 2003
Emile J. Brooks, An Historical and Political Assessment of Woodrow Wilson as President of the United States, 2 vols., American Classical College Press, 1986
Frederick Calhoun, Uses of Force in Wilsonian Foreign Policy, 1993
Kendrick A. Clements, Woodrow Wilson: World Statesman, Twayne, 1987
Kendrick A. Clements, The Presidency of Woodrow Wilson, Univ. Press of Kansas, 1992
John Milton Cooper, The Warrior and the Priest: Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt, Harvard Univ. Press, 1983
ed. by John Milton Cooper and Charles Neu, The Wilson Era: Essays in Honor of Arthur S. Link, Harlan Davidson, 1991
G. R. Coyne, Woodrow Wilson: British Perspectives, 1912-21, Macmillian, 1992
Josephus Daniels, The Wilson Era: Years of Peace1910-1917, Univ. of North Carolina Press, 1944
Josephus Daniels, The Wilson Era: Years of War1917-1923, Univ. of North Carolina Press, 1946
John A. Garraty, Woodrow Wilson: A Great Life in Brief, Knopf, 1956
Cary T. Grayson, Woodrow Wilson: An Intimate Memoir, Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, 1960
Robert H. Ferrell, Woodrow Wilson and World War I: 1917-1921, Harper & Row, 1985
Derek Heater, National Self-Determination: Woodrow Wilson and His Legacy, St. Martin's Press, 1994
August Hecksher, Woodrow Wilson: A Biography, Scribners, 1991
Thomas J. Knock, To End All Wars: Woodrow Wilson and the Quest for a New World Order, Oxford Univ. Press, 1993
David F. Houston, Eight Years with Wilson's Cabinet, 1913-1920, with a Personal Estimate of the President, Doubleday, Page, 1926
ed. by Earl Lathan, The Philosophy and Policies of Woodrow Wilson, Univ. of Chicago Press, 1975
N. Gordon Levin, Woodrow Wilson and World Politics, Oxford Univ. Press, 1970
Arthur S. Link, Woodrow Wilson, 5 vols., Princeton Univ. Press, 1947-1965
Arthur S. Link, Woodrow Wilson: A Brief Biography, World, 1963
Arthur S. Link, Woodrow Wilson and the Progressive Era, 1910-1917, Harper and Bros., 1954
Arthur S. Link, Woodrow Wilson: Revolution, War, and Peace, Harlan Davidson, 1979
Arthur S. Link, The Higher Realism of Woodrow Wilson and Other Essays, Vanderbilt Univ. Press, 1971
John M. Mulder, Woodrow Wilson: The Years of Preparation, Princeton Univ. Press, 1978
J. W. Schulte Nordholt, Woodrow Wilson: A Life for Peace, Univ. of California Press, 1991
Robert Quirk, An Affair of Honor: Wilson and the Occupation of Veracruz, Univ. of Kentucky Press, 1962
Robert M. Saunders, In Search of Woodrow Wilson: Beliefs and Behavior, Greenwood Press, 1998
Georg Schild, Between Ideology and Realpolitik: Woodrow Wilson and the Russian Revolution, 1917-1921, Greenwood, 1995
Gene Smith, When the Cheering Stopped: The Last Years of Woodrow Wilson, Morrow, 1964
J.A. Thompson, Woodrow Wilson, Longman, 2002
Niels Aage Thorsen, The Political Thought of Woodrow Wilson, 1875-1910, Princeton Univ. Press, 1988
Joseph Tumulty, Woodrow Wilson as I Know Him, Doubleday, Page, 1921
Arthur Walworth, Woodrow Wilson, 2 vols., Houghton Mifflin, 1958; 3d ed., W.W. Norton, 1978
Articles
Articles by Woodrow Wilson
David T. Beito & Linda Royster Beito, "Gold Democrats and the Decline of Classical Liberalism, 1896-1900," Independent Review, 4, Spring 2000, pp. 555-75
Kathleen L. Wolgemuth, "Woodrow Wilson and Federal Segregation," The Journal of Negro HistoryVol. 44, No. 2, April 1959, pp. 158
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