HIS EARLY YEARS:
A STORY TELLS HOW ST. ALEXANDER
LOOKED OUT OF THE WINDOW WHILE WAITING FOR HIS GUESTS TO ARRIVE FOR LUNCH,
AFTER A SERVICE ON THE ANNIVERSARY OF ST. PETER’S MARTYRDOM, SAW THE YOUNG
ATHANASIUS AT PLAY, BAPTIZING HIS SCHOOLMATES ON THE SEA-SHORE, AND PICKED
HIM OUT AS A BRIGHT BOY, AND A DESTINED ECCLESIASTIC.
BY 320, HE WAS ALEXANDER’S BRILLIANT
YOUNG DEACON, AND HE HAD PROFITED BY ALL THAT CHRISTIAN TEACHERS AND BOOKS
AT ALEXANDRIA HAD TO TEACH HIM.
ATHANASIUS’ GREAT APOLOGETIC AND
DOMATIC WORK IN TWO BOOKS, IS THE PRODUCTION OF HIS YOUTH. ATHANASIUS WAS
CONSIDERED A NEW MOSES OR PERHAPS RATHER A NEW JOSHUA BRINGING GOD’S PEOPLE
INTO THE PROMISED LAND.
ARIUS AND HIS FOLLOWERS:
ARIUS, THE PRIEST OF BAUCLIA, OPPOSED
THE TEACCHING OF HIS BISHOP, ALEXANDER, AND HIS DEACON, ATHANASIUS.
THE ARIANS STRESSED THE SUBORDINATION
OF THE SON TO THE FATHER, AND STILL MORE THAT OF THE HOLY SPIRIT.
THE COUNCIL OF NICAEA:
THE NUMBER OF BISHOP WHO ATTENDED
THE COUNCIL OF NICAEA WAS THREE HUNDRED AND EIGHTEEN, GATHERING FROM ALL
PARTS OF THE THEN KNOWN CHRISTIAN WORLD.
AFTER MUCH DISCUSSION, WHICH TURNED
MAINLY ON THE EXACT WORD THAT SHOULD BE USED TO DESCRIBE THE RELATION BETWEEN
GOD THE FATHER AND GOD THE SON, THEY DRAW UP”THE CREED”.
ATHANASIUS POPE OF ALEXANDRIA:
AFTER THE DEATH OF POPE ALEXANDER,
WHO NAMED ATHANASIUS AS HIS SUCCESSOR, ATHANASIUS BECAME POPE OF ALEXANDERIA,
IN AD 326. HE WAS THIRTY YEARS OLD AT THAT TIME.
DURING THE EARLY YEARS OF HIS PAPACY
AND EPISCOPATE, THE CHURCH OF ABYSSINIA WAS FOUNDED THROUGH THE PREACHING
OF FRUMENTIUS.
YEARS OF TROUBLE:
THE FORCES AGAINST ATHANASIUS WEREA COMBINATION OF THE CRYPTO-ARIANS ,
HEADED BY EUSEBIUS OF NICOMEDIA , OUTSIDE EGYPT , AND MELETIANS INSIDE
. THE LATTER PROVIDDED LOCAL COMPLAINTS ; THE FORMAR SUPPORTED THEM
WITH INFLUENCE IN OFFICIAL CIRCLES . MELETIUS HAD DIED , BUT LEFT SUCCESSORS.
IN 330 ATHANASIUS REFUSED TO OBEY AN IMPERIAL ORDER TO READDMIT
ARIUS AND HIS FOLLOWERS TO COMMUNION AFTER A VAGUE SUBMISSION, ON THE GROUND
THAT THE CHURCH HAD DECIDEDTHEIR CASE .
THREE MELETIAN BISHOPS THEN TURNED UP AT COURT AND CHARGED HIM WITH HAVING
IMPOSED A TAX OF LINEN GARMENTS ON EGYPT .
ON ARRIVAL AT COURT ( THEN AT NICOMEDIA ) , ATHANASIUS FOUND A MORE DEFINITE
CHARGE OF HAVING SENT A PURSE OF GOLD TO A REBEL , PHILUMENUS .
ATHANASIUS CLEARED HIMSELF AND RETURNED TO ALEXANDRIA , WITH A LETTER OF
COMMENDATION FROME THE EMPEROR .
HARD TIMES :
IN 350 CONSTANS HAD BEEN KILLED , AND CONSTANTIUS WAS THE SOLE RULER OF
THE EMPIRE . HE
BEGAN SECURING SUBSERVIENT ARIAN OR SEMI-ARIAN BISHOPS IN THE PRINCIPAL
SEES, WHO SUBSCRIBED TO THE DEPOSITION OF ATHANASIUS .
ATHANASIUSWAS ACCUSED TO
HAVE BEEN AGAINST THE EMPEROR
A SUSPICIOUS LETTER ASKING ATHANASIUS TO COME TO COURT , WHICH HE HAD NEVER
MADE , AND A DELEGATION OF
EGYPTIAN BISHOPS WWHO WENT TO SEE CONSTANTIUS AT MILAN WAS NOT RECEIVED
.
THE USE OF THE UNFINISHED CHURCH IN THE CAESARIUM GAVE RISE TO ANOTHER
CHARGE OF TREATING AN IMPERIAL GIFT WITHOUT DUE RESPECT .
IN 356 THE DUCK SYRIANUS ATTACKED THE CHURCH OF THEONAS , WHERE ATHANASIUS
WAS PRESIDING AT AVIGIL SERVICE . DIECTING THE DEACON
TO BEAGIN PSALM 135 , WITH ITS REFRAIN “FOR HIS MERCY ENDURETH FOREVER
“ , ATHANAASIUS SECURED THE RETEAT OF THE CONGREGATION .
AS THE SOLDIERS PRESSED ON TO THE SANCTUARY , HE WAS CARRIED OFF BY CLERGY
AND MONKS IN WHAT SEEMED A MIRACULOUS MANNER . SO BEGAN HIS THIRD EXILE
.
VALIENS:
AFTER JOVIAN’S SHORT REIGN , HOWEVER , THE ARIANVALENS CAME INTO POWER
.
ATHANASIUS WITHDREW . AN IMPERIAL ORDER ARRIVED IN 366 , RECALLING ATHAANASIUS
, AND FROM THEN ON , VALENS LEFT HIM ALONE IN THE YEARS OF RELATIVE
PEACE AFTER 363 , ATHANASIUS CONTINUED HIS CONCERN FOR THE GENERAL AFFAIRS
OF THE CHURCH .
DURING TIME OF STRUGGLE AS WELL AS OF PEACE THE GROWTH OF THE EGYPTIAN
CHURCH CONTINUED , AND WITHIT THE SPREAD OF ITS MOST CONSPICUOUS: THE MONASTIC
INSTITUTION.
ATHAANASIUS ‘ LAST YEARS WERE BRIGHTENED BY THE BUILDING OF CHURCHES FOR
AN EXPANDING FLOCK.
ON 2 MAY 373, THE OLD WARRIOR DIED,
HAVING, ONLY A FEW DAYS BEFORE, CONSECRATED PETER, ONE OF HIS OLD
PRIESTS,AS HIS SUCCESSOR .
LESS THAN A DECADE AFTER HIS DEATH,GREGORY
NAZIA-NZENE PROCLAIMED IN THE PULPIT AT CONSTANTINOPLE,” IN PRASIING ATHANASIUS,
I SHALL BE PRAISING VIRTUE “ AND EULO- GIZED HIM AS PHILOSOPHER, PASTER,
RULER, CONFESS-OR OF THE FAITH, RECONCILER, THE PILLAR OF THE CHURCH IN
HIS AGE.