Ferdinand and Isabel
Trastámaran Dynasty (founded 1369)
Pedro the Cruel vrs. Enrique de Trastámara (Enrique II)
Enrique IV "el Impotente"
Crown of Aragon (Aragon, Cataluña, Valencia)
Jaume I "the Conqueror"
Pere III (Pedro IV)
Martin
Ferdinand of Antequera
Compromise of Caspe (1412)
Juan II
Sancho the Great (970-1035) "King of the Spains"
Non-divisibility of the realm
Isabel of Portugal
Alfonso and Isabel
Deposition at Avila (1465)
Toros de Guisando (1469)
Princess Juana "la Beltraneja"
 Beltran de la Cueva
Alfonso V of Portugal
Juan II of Aragon (1458-1479)
Alfonso V of Aragon "the Magnanimous" (example of an absentee monarch)
Joanna of Naples
Kingdom of Naples
Ferdinand of Naples (illegitimate son of Alfonso)
Blanche of Navarre
Prince Carlos of Viana
Juana Enriquez
Alonso Carrillo, Archbishop of Toledo
House of Mendoza
Pedro Gonzalez de Mendoza
Battle of Toro (1476)
Battle of Albuera
Treaty of Alcosovas (1479)
Canary Islands
Dynastic Union
Reyes Católicos (Catholic Monarchs)
"Tanto monta, monta tanto, Isabel como Fernando"
Council of Aragon
nquisition
Tomas de Torquemada
Andalucia and Galicia
Letrado
Consejo Real
Garcí López de Chinchilla
Fernando de Acuña
Hermandades ("brotherhoods")
Semana Santa (Holy Week) (Easter)
Pasos
Santa Hermandad
Corregidor
Fueros
Alcaldes    
Regidores
Corps of Gentlemen of the King's House and Guard
Cortes of Medina del Campo (1480)
Property reclamation from the Castilian nobility
Regular clergy (those who lived according to a rule or regulum)
Leading militant or crusading orders:
Hospitalers
Templars
Teutonic Knights
Four orders founded in Spain:
1.  Santiago
2.  Calatrava
3.  Alcántara
4.  Montesa
Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges (1438)
Francisco Jimenez  de Cisneros
Patronato Real
Innocent III (1198-1216)
Consejo de la Suprema y General de la Inquisición
Four "Pieces of the Spanish puzzle" gathered by Ferdinand and Isabel
1.  Castile
2.  Crown of Aragon
3.  Granada
4.  Navarre
Ferdinand III "el Santo"
Alfonso "el Sabio"
Murcia (1260)
Abul Hassan Ali (Mulay-Hacen)
Gibraltar
Zahara
Alhama
Granadan War (1481-92)
Reasons for Castilian victory:
1.  Divisions within the Granadan royal family
2.  Infantry forces supplied by the towns
3.  Gunpowder artillery
Al Zagal
Abu Abdullah (Boabdil)
Gunpowder
Roger Bacon
Handguns and Cannon
Battle of Crecy (1346)
Hussite Wars of the 1420s
Jan Zizka
Hundred Years War
Ottoman Turks
Conquest of Constantinople (1453)
"The cannon conquest of Nasrid Spain"
Santa Fe
Second War for Granada
Conquest of Navarre
Jean d'Albret
Pope Julius II (the Warrior Pope)
Italian Wars
Treaty of Blois (1512)
Machiavelli, The Prince (1513)