INTRODUCTION TO HISTORY AND CULTURE OF SPAIN

Rome vrs. Carthage:  Spain and the Epic Struggle for Mediterranean Dominance
 

Rome
Carthage
Punic Wars (First, Second, and Third)
Most significant from perspective of Spain (Second Punic War)
Four major stages of Roman Conquest
1.  Italian peninsula
2.  Western Mediterranean basin
3.  Eastern Mediterranean
4.  Northwestern and (to an extent) central Europe
Motives for Roman expansion
Political generals (e.g. Julius Caesar)
Background to Roman expansion (monarchy and republic)
Latin league (493-340 BCE)
Samnite Wars (325-290 BCE)
Roman Legion
Legionary
Gladius
Pilum (pila)
Gladiator
Pyrrhus and the defeat of the Greeks
Pyrrhic Victory
Beneventum (275 BCE)
Rome vrs. Carthage (advantages and disadvantages of both sides)
Mylae (260 BCE)
Carthaginian Peace
The Barca Family (Barcelona)
Hamilcar Barca
Hannibal Barca
Saguntum (219 BCE)
Publius Cornelius Scipio
Battle of the River Trebia (217 BCE)
Dictator
Fabius Maximus
Fabian Policy
Cannae (216 BCE)
Consuls
Archimedes
Publius Cornelius Scipio "the Younger" (Scipio Africanus)
Mago Barca
Ilipa (206 BCE)
Zama (202 BCE)
Peace of 201 BCE:  Spain becomes Roman
Hannibal's suicide (187 BCE)
Third Punic War (149-146 BCE):  destruction of Carthage