Readings:

Text: Kagan, ch16 (561-575), 17, 18 (609-627), 19

Primary Sources & excerpts:

Text: pp.572, 616, 620, 624, 627,

WWW: Equiano, Decl. of Independence, Inglis, French Revolution sources 

- Social and economic life in western Europe in the 18^th century: rural & urban life-commercializing agriculture, industrial revolution: technology, increased production, new economic classes & significance

- 18^th-century Atlantic World: mercantilist philosophy & practice – significance in Europe & colonies: development of trade empires, companies, growth & significance of the trans-Atlantic slave trade

- The Enlightenment: major philosophers – philosophes: Locke, Radical Whigs, Voltaire, Rousseau, Montesquieu, Wollstonecraft: background & ideas on politics, economics, religion, society – how did these reflect a break from the past & a path to the future? - individulaism, civil liberties, social compact, general will, civic humanim, corruption & vitrue

- the American Revolution: connection to the Enlightenment & mercantilist philosophy – substance & sig. of Declaration of Independence – progression of the war – meaning for Americans & Europeans - outcome: US Constitution - relevance

- French Revolution (early): background – long & short-term reasons for the revolt – problems of the "Ancien regime" – initial progression of the revolution – political re-organization – spirit spread through the countryside – adoption of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen - "radical" turn of the revolution, Sans Cullotes, Jacobins (economic, political aspects) & Reign of Terror, Thermidorean Reaction

Possible Essay Questions: These will both appear on the test & you will write on 1 of them, using as much specific evidence as possible:

 1. Compare & contrast the "declarations' from revolutionary France and America. How did each reflect the Enlightenment? What were key points, re: economics, government, people?

2. Discuss the impact of economic change in western Europe during the 18^th century. In what specific ways were European lives changed? Evaluate the outcomes of these changes & compare the period to the late 20^th century.