Weather Unit 2P4 2008

Topic Sequence

Based on the Blue Concepts and Challenges in Science

Chapter 1: Parts of the Earth

• Terms: hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere
• Biotic components from each

Chapter 2: What is Air

• Components and percentages
• Properties of a gas: has pressure, expands when heated, is a fluid, it flows.
  Gas Laws and Equation
• Exp: air has mass

Chapter 3: Gases in the Air

• Oxygen 20%, nitogen 78% with about 2% the rest
• Exp: Oxygen %
• Exp: carbon dioxide & limewwater
• Nitrogen cycle, a book note
• What you learned (review here) & Now try these

Chapter 4: Layers of the Atmosphere

• Terms: troposhpere, tropopause, stratosphere, ionosphere Ozone layer
• Answer these & Now try this
• Atmospheric Layers: a fill in worksheet

Chapter 5: How Does the Earth Get its Heat?

• Radiation: explination
• Electromagnetic Spectrum
• What you Have Learned and Answer These

Chapter 6: How is the Atmosphere Heated?

• Conduction: the experiment metal glass and metal star
• Summarize: Conduction, conduction in the atmosphere. The earth heats the atmosphere by radiation And Short and long waves.
• Do: Answer These

Chapter 7:How does Heat Move in Air?

• Air expands on heating, warm air rises
• Convection
• Exp:Convection in liquids and in gases.
• Answer These
• Earth's Energy Budget & A Heat Worksheet

Chapter 8: Which Warms up Faster, Land or Water?

• Exp: Radiant energy to heat sand and water
• Exp: Infrared lamp with radiometer and a black and a silver can.
• Land heats up faster and cool faster. Water tends to hold it heat longer.
• Answer These and Now Try This

Chapter 9: Does Air Exert Pressure?

• Water exerts pressure; pistons
• Air exerts pressure: paper covering glass of water
• Water in bottle with hole
• Answer These

Chapter 10: How Much Pressure does Air Have?

• Pressure squeezes the air
• Molecular motion produces pressure, units, diagrams
• Air pressure crushing bottle
• Answer These

Chapter 11: How is Air Pressure Measured?

• Air pressure holds up a column of water
• Mercury barometers
• Aneroid barometers
• Answer These

Chapter 12: Why Does Air Pressure Change?

• Warm air, cold have different densities, hence different pressures
• Moist air is less dense than dry, hence exerts less pressure
• Answer These and Now Try These

Chapter 13: How Does Air Pressure Change Around the Earth?

• The next hree chapters are based on: Weather cells; Hadley, Ferrel & Polar Cells
  each cell is based on warm air rising and cold air falling
• Answer These and Now Try This

Chapter 14: How are Winds Formed?

• Air currents are based on convection currents created by unequal heating of a surface area creating highs and lows
• Global winds
• Answer These and Now Try These

Chapter 15: Which Way Does a Wind Blow?

• Global wind directions
• ITCZ or the doldrums and the horse latitudes (at the tropics, Cancer & Capricorn)
• Answer These and Now Try These

Chapter 16: What Causes Local Winds?

• Land & Sea Breezes
• Mountain & Valley Breezes
• What you have learned
• Answer These and Now Try These

Chapter 17: How do we Measure Winds?

• Direction of the wind ---> a wind vane
• Wind speed ---> a anemometer
• The Beauford scale
• Answer These

Chapter 18: How Does Water Get into the Atmosphere?

• Evaporation, transpiration
• Answer These

Chapter 19: What is Humidity?

• Saturation of air with water vapour, temperature dependent
• Absolute humidity
• Cobalt chloride paper (from the chemistry unit)
• Answer These

Chapter 20: What is relative Humidity?

• Difference between absolute humidity and relative humidity
  Diagrams of saturation
• Answer These and Now Try These

Chapter 21: How Can we Measure Relative Humidity?

• the sling psychrometer and reading a relative humdity chart
• Answer These and Now Try These

Chapter 22: How Does Water Come Out of the Air?

• Condensation & dew point
• Condensation results in cloud formation and all forms of precipitation
• Answer These and Now Try These

Chapter 23: Why Does it Rain?

• First we geet clouds, then
• Precipitation; its many forms
• Answer These and Now Try These

Chapter 24: How Do we Identify Clouds?

• Three main types; stratus, cumulus and cirrus
• Answer These and Now Try These

Chapter 25: How Does Weather Affect Us?

• Weather aspects (see opening note) and the weather report
• Answer These and Now Try These

Chapter 26: How do we Get Our Weather?

• Air masses; climatic effects
• Answer These and Now Try These

Chapter 27: What Happens when Air Masses Meet?

• Fronts; warm, cold, & stationary
• symbols for each
• Answer These and Now Try These

Chapter 28: What is a Station Model?

• The weather map: three types icon, news & station map
• Symbols used for each
• Answer These

Chapter 29: How do we Read a Weather Map?

• Interpruting a weather map: news type
• Answer These and Now Try These