Appendix 3: Names of the Father and the Son (Note: Hebrew uses no capital letters. Capitals are added in English translation and transliteration of Hebrew words.)
1) El
"god" or "God" (singular)
used as a common noun, proper noun (title), and as a proper noun (name)
(See also "Some Alternative Views on "The Names", para. 3.)2) Elohyim or Elohim
"god(s) or "God(s), (singular or plural)
used as a common noun, proper noun (title), and as a proper noun (name)
(See also "Some Alternative Views on "The Names", para. 3.)3) Elyon, and El Elyon, or (Aramaic) Illaya (elahh)
El 'elyon, "the most high God" or "the most High", Gen. 14:18, Num. 24:16, Dan. 4:17.4) Eloah, or (Aramaic) Elah
Singular of elohyim, same meaning as el, "god" or "God", Deu. 32:15.5) El Olam
Gen. 21:33, "Everlasting God", or "El dhu-'Olami", "God of Eternity".6) El Shadday or El Shaddai
"God Almighty", Ex. 6:3.7) Abiyr Israel
"Mighty One of Israel", Isa. 1:24.8) Attiyq Yowm (Aramaic)
"Ancient of days", Dan. 7:9, 13, 22.9) Tsuwr, or Tsur,
"Rock", Deu. 32:4, 15, 18, 30, 31, (also 1 Cor. 10:4).10) Tsuwr Israel
"Rock of Israel", 2 Sam. 23:311) Netsach Israel
"Strength of Israel" 1 Sam. 15:29 (also "goal, splendor, truthfulness, confidence, strength victory, or eternity. See Strong's #5331)12) Yhwh, from hayah, or "yhw" from "hawa", verb "to be"
Translated as "self-existent" or "Eternal".
Great amount of debate over spelling and pronunciation.
"Lord" usually substituted, but not all occasions of "Lord" are from "yhwh". (See "Baal")13) Yhwh sidqenu
"the Lord our righteousness", Jer. 23:614) Yhwh sebaot or yhwh tsaba, or yhwh tseba'ah
"the Lord of hosts", 1 Sam. 1:3, 17:45, Psa. 24:10, (88 times in Jer.)15) Elohyim tsaba, or elohyim tseba'ah
"The God of hosts" (Amos 4:13, 5:27)
16) Yhwh elohe Yisrael
"Lord God of Israel", Judg. 5:3 (used frequently in the prophets)17) Qedos Yisrael
"Holy One of Israel", Isa. 1:4, (29 times in Isa.)18) "the Lord that healeth thee" (Ex. 15:26).
19) "I am the Lord that doth sanctify you", (Ex. 31:13).
20) El Roi
"God who sees me", (Gen. 16:13).(See also "More Shem of Elohyim" above.)
The Names of the Son
1) Immanuwel, Isa. 7:14, "Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign; Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name (shem)Im-man-u-el(6005)". (See Mat.1:18-23).
"6005. Immanuw-el, im-maw-noo-ale'; Hebrew, from 5978 and 410...; with us (is) God;..."
Emmanouel, em-man-oo-ale'; Greek, (Heb. origin, 6005), God with us, Mat. 1:23
2) (various) Isa. 9:6, "For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name (shem) shall be called Wonderful, Counseler, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, the Prince of Peace."
Wonderful (6382) is translated from the Hebrew word pele, which means a miracle: marvelous thing.
Counselor (3289) is translated from the Hebrew word ya'ats, which means to advise, 'give to deliberate or resolve: counsel, determine, and guide.
Mighty (1368) gibbowr or gibbor, which means powerful, warrior: ...champion, chief, giant, mighty (man), strong (man), and valiant man.
Everlasting (5703) is translated from the Hebrew ad, which means terminus ( by implication) duration in the sense of advance or perpetuity: eternity,...world without end.
Father (1) is from the Hebrew 'ab; father in a lit. and immed. or fig. and remote application: chief, (fore-) father, principal.
Prince (8269)is translated from the Hebrew word sar; a head person: captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord, (task) master, prince, ruler, steward.
3) Branch, Zech. 6:12, "...Thus speaketh the Lord of hosts, saying, Behold the man whose name (shem) is The BRANCH; and he shall grow up out of his place, and he shall build the temple of the Lord:" (See also Jer. 23:5; 33:15; Zech. 3:8; Isa. 11:1.)
4) Jesus
"The name Jesus in not strictly a title for the person who bore it. It is, however, a name with a meaning, being a Greek form of "Joshua", i.e. "Yahweh is salvation". The NT writers were well aware of this meaning (Mt. 1:21). The name thus indicated the function which was ascribed to Jesus, and this later found expression in the title Saviour, which was a first simply a description of the function of Jesus (Acts 5:31, 13:23; Phil. 3:20) but then became part of his solemn title (2 Tim. 1:10; Tit. 1:4; 2 Pet. 1:11). Jesus was the personal name of the Saviour, and while its titular significance remains present for informed hearers, it is probable that to many people it is now no more than a name (compare how the fact that "John" means "gift of God" is not usually in mind when the name is used).
Jesus was a common enough name in the first half of the 1st century AD, although it is significant that by the end of that century it was beginning to drop completely out of use: it was too sacred for use as a personal name by Christians, and it was abhorrent to Jews. To distinguish Jesus (Christ) from other bearers of the name he was known as Jesus from Nazareth or Jesus the Nazarene." (Nazarene meaning 'from Nazareth', not 'a Nazirite' as in the sect).
(Jesus Christ, The Illust. Bible Dict., p. 772).Jesus is the English form of the Greek name Ieous which is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Yeshua or Joshua.
Joshua is the English form of the Hebrew Yeshua.
There are a number of forms of the name "Joshua", including Hosea, Hoshea, Jehoshuah, Jeshua, Jeshuah, Jesus, Osea, and Oshea. None of these appear in the NT except Jesus (Christ) and a single reference to the book of the prophet Hosea (Rom. 9:25). "Yeshua" is one of many suggested versions of "Joshua" in Hebrew. (See Appendix 1, for 100 variations.)5) Christ
"Jewish hopes were centered on the establishment of God's rule or kingdom, and this hope was often associated with the coming of an agent of God to exercise his rule. Such a person would be a king, anointed by God and belonging to the line of David. The term Anointed One, which could be used to describe a king, priest or prophet, came to be used as a technical term in the intertestamental period for this expected agent of God. The Heb. word was masiah, from which was derived the transliterated Gk. form Messias, anglicized as Messiah; the corresponding Gk. word meaning 'anointed' was Christos, from which comes the alternative English form Christ. Since the expected ruler was expected to be a King and a Son (i.e. descendant) of David, these two terms were also used as titles or designations for him."
(Jesus Christ, The Illust. Bible Dict., p. 773).
In other words, the Heb. masiah was transliterated into the Gk. messias . The Gk. messias was transliterated into the English messiah. All three terms mean 'the anointed one'. In addition, the Heb. masiah was translated into the Greek christos meaning 'anointed'. From christos, we have the transliteration into the English Christ, meaning 'anointed'.6) Logos, "the Word", Greek 3056, "something said", . . . "spec. (with the article in John) the Divine Expression (i.e. Christ): . . . ".
7) Note: Nave's Topical Bible lists approximately 182 "names or titles" for Christ.
Note: One web site lists 593 names, titles and appellatives for Christ.
http//www.biblebelievers.com/harmon14.html
What History Shows About the Term "Christian" History shows that the followers of the Savior were referred to as Nazarenes by Tertullus the orator (Acts 24:1-5) and many others of his time. The Romans called them Christians or followers of Christos. If the elect of the early church were called by any name associated with the terms followers of or assemblies of Yahshua, Yah, Yahweh, Yahowah or any of the other supposed names of the Savior and the Father, why isn't there any historical evidence to this usage in reference to the early church? Two excellent works that have many references to the early church's name are the two books on the Sabbath by Samuele Bacchiocchi, From Sabbath to Sunday and Divine Rest for Human Restlessness.
According to the Encyclopedia Britannica, (Vol. XIII, p. 657, 1903 edition), the Jews:
"Fancied that the real name of the founder of the new religion must be Christus or 'Excellent', and they constantly spoke of the Christians as 'Chrestians'. . . 'If you call us Christians', said Tertullian, 'You bear to the name of our Master; if you call us Christians you testify to the blamelessness of our live'."The historian Josephus says,
"Now was about this time Jesus, a wise man, if it be lawful to call him a man. He was a doer of
wonderful works, a teacher of such men as receive the truth with pleasure. He drew over to him many Jews, and many Gentiles. He was (the) Christ." Josephus, 1849 edition, by E. Morgan and Co., p. 364.The Roman historian Tacitus mentions Jesus specifically in his annals in explaining the word
'Christians': "Christ from whom they derive their name, was condemned to death by the procurator Pontius Pilate in the reign of Emperor Tiberius." 1 Annals xv:44; written A.D. 115-117.(Source of the above quotes: http://www.bibleresearch.org/law/sacredname.html).
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