Learning Excel

Basics

Class Outline Prepared By

Christine Frey

Table Of Contents

Getting Started

Introduction to Spreadsheets

What is a Spreadsheet?

How big is a Spreadsheet?

Mouse Basics

Four Mouse Movements
	Click:	Also called "click on" and "just click." A simple click is always, always the left¹ mouse button. Used to select an object. Used to position the insertion point.
	Right-Click:	Place the pointer on the object or area you want to affect. Press the right button. Right clicks are used to open Quick Menus.
	Double-Click:	Press the left button twice, quickly. Don’t move around between clicks, or the computer will register two separate left clicks.
	Drag and Drop:	Place the pointer on the object. Hold down the left mouse button and drag the object to its new location.
	^{1The primary mouse button. Left-handed people can reverse the mouse by opening the Control Panel and changing the mouse settings. The primary mouse button is clicked with the index finger, while the secondary mouse button, known as the right-click, is pressed with the middle finger.}

Starting Excel

Start > Programs > Microsoft Excel

Columns, Rows and Cells

Spreadsheets are divided into columns and rows.

Find the A column.

Find Row 1.

Notice the A1 written in the rectangle above the cell. This is the name of the selected cell.

The area where you see the cell address written is called the Name Box.

You can type the address into the Name Box to go to a cell.

You can type a Descriptive Name into the Name Box. This names the cell or range you are pointing to.

Exercise:

Click in the Name Box.

Type the address of the cell you want to go to.

Examples: C12, F125, AA10, BF910, HZ200

Select cell B10. (Click in the cell.)

Type SpecialCell in the Name box. (No spaces, and I have used capitals only to make the words readable.)

Click in Cell F11.

Click in the Name Box and type SpecialCell. You will go to cell B10.

Name the range C21:F23 SpecialRange.

Click in Cell G26

Type SpecialRange into the Name Box. You will go back to the C21:F23 range.

The Active Cell is the one...

where your insertion point sits.

with the dark lines around it.

where you can enter data.

Your mouse pointer...

looks like a cross, an arrow, a plus sign…

Floats around the page, until you click.

Is used to select cells, commands, tools, etc.

Selecting Cells

A Single Cell:

Move the mouse to the cell. Click.

Multiple Cells:

Click and drag across the cells.

If you click again, you will deselect the cells. But don't ever worry about deselecting. As soon as you start to work on another area, the previous area is automatically deselected.

Rows:

Click on the number of the row. The entire row will turn black. This means it is selected. Whatever you do to the row will be done to the entire row.

Columns:

Click on the letter at the top of the column. The entire column will turn black. This means the entire column is selected and can be formatted.

A range:

Click and drag from one corner of the range.

Drag to the last cell you want to select.

OR

Click at one corner of the range.

Hold down the shift key.

Click at the other corner of the range.

It is easier to use the "click-shift-click" method when you are selecting ranges that are too large to see on the screen all at once.

Non-Contiguous Cells:

Click on the first cell, or select the first group of cells.

Hold down the control key.

Select the next cell, or group of cells.

Continue until all the groups of cells needed are selected.

Scrolling Through a Worksheet

Arrows on the Scroll Bars:

move you one cell at a time in the direction indicated.

Moving the button:

Moves you through the sheet quickly.

The Current Row and Column will be displayed in the Name box.

Clicking on the scrollbars (not the button.)

Moves you one full screen, in the direction indicated.

Notice that dialog boxes also have scroll bars.

Help

Click Help on the Menu bar.

Click the Index Tab

Type the first letters of the topic you need help with.

Edit your Worksheets
Enter Data

Just click and type:

Click in the cell where the data should go.

Then type.

When you are done:

Press Enter -- you will move down to the next row.

Or press an arrow key. You will move in the direction of the arrow.

Or click the check mark.

Or click in another cell.

You have to "enter" the data before you go on to any other activities.

If the entry is too long for the column width, it will be displayed and printed unless there is an entry in the next cell.

Size the column by dragging the divider between column letters.

Edit/Delete Data

If you click on a cell that has data and just type, the old data will be replaced.

Complete A Series

A series is:

1, 2, 3... March, April, May... 1995, 1996, 1997...

Numbered labels. Increments -- 5, 10, 15, 20...

1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th... Thing 1 and Thing 2.

Months must have full names, or only the first three letters. "Sept" won’t work.

To complete a series:

Enter the first, or the first two labels or numbers.

Select the cells to fill with the series.

Use the Copy Block to select the cells.

Undo Changes

Using Undo:

Ctrl-Z

Click the Undo Icon

Use the Menu Bar > Edit > Undo

Excel can undo only one action.

Move Data

Click on, or select the cells to be moved.

Point to the frame of the cells.

Click and drag.

Don’t confuse the drag arrow with the + used for dragging the copy block.

Copy Data

Click on, or select the cells to be copied.

Use any Copy key -

Edit > Copy

The Copy Icon

Ctrl - C

Ctrl-Drag

Right-click > Copy

Use any Paste key -

Edit > Paste

The Paste Icon

Ctrl - V

Ctrl-Drag/Drop

Right-click > Paste

A copied element can be pasted as many times as you like.

Check Spelling

Move to the beginning of the sheet -

Click A1.

Press Ctrl > Home.

Type A1 into the Name box.

Click the Spelling Icon.

Make the choices, as needed. (Pg 35)

Exercises and Skills Practice 1

Introducing Basic Skills that will be used in all future lessons.

Create the following tables

A

B

C

1

Grocery List

2

Bread

1.89

3

Milk

2.35

4

Cheese

4.95

5

Dog food

15.98

6

Butter

2.98

7

Eggs

2.45

8

A

B

C

D

Christmas List

Person

Gift

Price

Sub-Total

Mom

Sweater

Perfume

Bath robe

Dad

Tie

Slippers

Baby June

Rattle

Little Ricky

Bongo drums

Bruno

Bone

Daisy

Hair bow

A

B

C

D

1

Student

Exam 1

Exam 2

Exam 3

2

Amanda Dofunny

87

95

88

3

Lily Tomlin

95

76

86

4

Ethel Mertz

68

63

75

5

Charley Chan

78

79

84

6

Spike Jones

82

91

89

7

Practice Exercises

Create Three Tables

Table 1: Grocery List

Put 20 items on the list.

Type prices.

Format prices to $.

Use AutoSum to find the totals.

Table 2:

Christmas List

Some people on your list should get more than one gift!

Can you find subtotals for their gifts?

Table 3:

Grades

You have 10 students in your class. They have had 3 exams. Create a table that keeps track of their grades.

Moving cells

Click and drag

Move the data in the grocery list into new positions.

Point to the frame of the selected cells with the arrow cursor.

Autofill

Click and drag

Open a new worksheet.

Make 4 columns, headed Numbers, Months, Days, and Series.

Complete Autofill functions for each of these columns.

Drag the copy block with the cross cursor.

Auto Sum

Create a table showing the prices of three items of clothing.

Use the AutoSum (Sigma) feature to total columns and rows.

Selecting Multiple Blocks Of Cells

Click and drag — with the control key.

Some common Shortcut Keys

(Basic Windows)

Ctrl-A = Select All

Arrow key = deselect

Ctrl-B = Bold

Ctrl-C = Copy

Ctrl-P = Paste

Ctrl-N = New Document

Ctrl-O = Open a Document

Ctrl-S = Save

Ctrl-Z = Undo (zap)

Alt-F4 = Exit Program

Toolbars - Losing And Displaying

View > Toolbars

Turn on the toolbars you want to see. Turn off the ones you don't need.

Save and Open Workbooks

Read or review File Structure.

Using Formulas and Functions

Formulas

Formula Basics

A formula always begins with =, but you may type + instead.

Type the formulas shown on page *.

You will be given either handouts or assignments in your text to complete.

Functions

Function Basics

A function is a formula that has already been prepared by Excel. There are more than 200.

Sums, Averages and Counts are examples of functions offered by Excel.

A1,A3 vs. A1:A3

When typing a function, use a comma to indicate individual cells. Use a colon to indicate a range.

Using the Sum function.

Click the (pointy E) to sum a column.

Notice the range of cells selected by Excel.

You can drag to indicate a different range.

You can sum several columns (or rows) of values at once by selecting the cells that will hold the sums and clicking the Pointy E.

Entering a formula with the function Wizard

Click on the cell that is to hold the function.

Click on the Function Wizard button.

Select the function you want to use.

Click the cells that are used as arguments for the function. (It sounds more complicated than it is.)

AutoCalculate

Used to check a calculation without entering a formula

Select the cells.

To change the calculation, right-click the AutoCalc box on the status bar.

Switch between Average, Count (items, including text) Count Nums (values only), Max, Min, Sum.

The result is displayed in the AutoCalc box on the status bar.

Exercises and Skills Practice 2

SKILL

TECHNIQUE

NOTES

Entering Formulas

A1-B1=D4

Subtract B1 from A1. Place the answer in D4.

A

B

C

D

1

14

9

2

3

4

(formula)

Click in the cell that shall contain the formula.

Click in cell D4, in this example.

Press = or +

These keys are identical in action. They tell the computer, "what follows is a formula."

Click in the first cell that shall be a part of the formula.

*OR *

Type the first part of the formula.

You want to enter A1 minus B1, so click in A1.

*OR *

Type A1

Type the operand.

Type a minus. (you can use either minus sign — the one above the letters or the one above the numbers.)

Click in the next cell that shall be a part of the formula.

*OR *

Type the next part of the formula. (B1)

Click in cell B1.

This inserts the formula:

= A1 - B1

When the formula is entered, press the Enter key.

This causes the formula to calculate and the result to be displayed.

Enter the following data. Practice setting up the following formulas:

Place the answers in column E.

A

B

C

D

E

1

Answers

(Formulae - not visible in your chart.)

2

2

6

4

8

A2 + B2

3

8

3

6

-5

B3 - A3

4

9

4

6

19

A4 + B4 + C4

5

10

5

6

11

A5 - B5 + C5

6

9

11

20

-22

A6 - (B6 + C6)

7

19

12

8

1.583333

A7/B7

8

13

10

2

130

A8 * B8

9

9

11

9

18

A9 * (B9- C9)

10

10

12

12

-20

(A10 - B10) - C10

11

12

12

14

3

0.333333

A2 / C4

13

13

15

15

2

C10 - B8

14

14

14

14

-40

E2 * E3

15

15

15

15

30.08333

A7 * E7

Result: Your table, from A1 through E15, should look exactly like the one above. (unless, of course, I have made a mistake typing it.)

Error Messages

If you make a mistake, Excel lets you know.

Some mistakes include trying to divide by zero, typing the formula name wrong, trying to add numbers to letters, trying to add a cell to itself.

Deleting the cells referred to by a formula will result in an error message.

Appearance:

#DIV/0! #NAME? #VALUE!

If you get an error message:

Check your typing.

Check the references.

Relative References

Move when copied to different cells.

Do the exercise on pages 70 - 71.

If the reference is RELATIVE, the cells it refers to be adjusted when you copy it to different cells.

Example:

If A2 refers to A1, then B2 ill refer to B1.

Use the Copy Block to copy cells or formulas

Click on the cell to be copied.

Drag the black square in the lower left corner.

Absolute References

When You want to refer to a specific cell:

Type a dollar mark before both the column and the row reference: $A$1 will not change when you copy the formula to a different location.

You will be provided with handouts or with assignments in your textbook.

Working with Rows and Columns
Inserting, Deleting, Sizing

Insert a Row.

Click the number at the beginning of the row.

Right-Click (pointer must be on the selected cells.)

Click Insert.

A new row is inserted above the selected row.

Insert multiple rows:

Select the number of rows to be inserted.

Right-Click in the selected cells.

Click Insert.

Inserting Columns:

Same as rows.

Inserting Cells:

Select cell range where you want to insert cells.

Click "shift cells" or Insert rows or columns.

Deleting Rows:

Select rows to be deleted.

Right click in the selected cells.

Click Delete.

Deleting Columns:

Same as Rows.

Changing height or width:

Click the line that divides column or row headings.

Drag it to size.

Or:

Double-Click the dividing line.

The area will be sized to fit the largest entry.

Or:

Select the row or column.

Click Column Width, or Row Height.

Set as required.

Format your Worksheets
Formatting includes:

...anything you do to change the appearance of your sheet, to make it more attractive and more readable. (Don’t get carried away.)

Alignment: Left, Right, Centered

Centering across Columns

Fonts: Arial, Times New Roman, 12 pt, 32 pt, etc.

Font Attributes Bold, Italic, Underline, Small Caps, etc.

Number Formatting Decimal places, Currency, Percent, etc.

Wrapping Text

Borders

Color

Format Painter

Clearing Formats

Automatic Formatting

Printing Worksheets
Preview the Worksheet

Move the mouse over the icon that looks like a sheet of paper with a magnifying glass, and click.

Or click File > Print Preview.

Zoom by clicking on the page with the magnifying-glass mouse pointer.

Close Print Preview by clicking

the Close Button.

Change Margins

In Print Preview, display the margins if they aren't already visible.

Drag the margins where you want them.

You can also center the worksheet on the page.

Print the Worksheet

File ± Print

Important:

Before you send a worksheet to the printer, notice how many pages you will be sending.

If you have made an entry in a cell 1000 pages away from the beginning of the sheet, no matter how trivial that entry may be, you will be sending 1000 pages to the printer.

Exercises and Skills Practice 3

SKILL

ACTION

NOTES

Open Grocery List

Enter data.

Use the Spell Checker.

Changing Fonts

Make your tables beautiful.

Select cells.

Change fonts, sizes, colors, and justification.

Some Basic Lines And Borders

Access:

Put lines and borders around your tables, as desired. Fill, as desired.

Format Column Headings

Make column headings 2 point sizes larger and bold.

Insert Column and Row

Click the 2 on the row tab beside honey. The row is selected.

Right-click in the selected area.

Click Insert. A row will be inserted above the selection.

Repeat to insert new columns at B and E.

Size the new columns to provide visually pleasing guides.

Create Formulas

Click in F3. Press =

Click in C3. Press *

Click in B3. Press enter.

6 bars of soap, multiplied by 4.95 = ?

Copy Formula

Click the formatted cell. (F3)

Click and drag the copy spot to fill the column with the formula.

Freeze Panes

Click in cell B2.

Click Window > Freeze Panes

Add 10 Items to Your List

Think up your own, or copy the info to the right:

4 tomatoes, lb. .89

6 Soup .69

5 canned peas .45

1 lettuce, head .89

3 cucumbers .33

1 chocolate syrup 1.25

1 zucchini .98

1 lentils, bag 1.29

3 onions, pound .59

2 pumpkin, canned 2.98

Sort

Click Data

Click Sort

Select column to sort by, and order

Filter

Select across all the columns

Click Data > Filter > Autofilter

Note the arrows that appear (filter boxes.)

Click the value to filter for, or

Click Custom and insert value.

Note: Database filters use Boolean logic.

Spell Check

Click Tools > Spelling

You don’t need to worry about your spelling when you type the list!

Print Preview

Click File > Print Preview to view the sheet before printing.

Custom Heading

In Print Preview, click Setup, Custom Header. Format the header. (Ariel, 20 pt was used.)

Center

In Print Preview, click Setup > Margins > Center horizontally and vertically.

Note: you can drag the margins. The settings will appear on the status bar.

Print

Click Print

Stay tuned for part two:

Graphing your Tables

Output

Spreadsheets are divided into columns and rows.
	Find the A column.
	Find Row 1.
	Notice the A1 written in the rectangle above the cell. This is the name of the selected cell. The area where you see the cell address written is called the Name Box. You can type the address into the Name Box to go to a cell. You can type a Descriptive Name into the Name Box. This names the cell or range you are pointing to.
Exercise:	Click in the Name Box.
	Type the address of the cell you want to go to.
	Examples: C12, F125, AA10, BF910, HZ200
	Select cell B10. (Click in the cell.) Type SpecialCell in the Name box. (No spaces, and I have used capitals only to make the words readable.) Click in Cell F11. Click in the Name Box and type SpecialCell. You will go to cell B10. Name the range C21:F23 SpecialRange. Click in Cell G26 Type SpecialRange into the Name Box. You will go back to the C21:F23 range.

	A Single Cell:	Move the mouse to the cell. Click.
	Multiple Cells:	Click and drag across the cells.
If you click again, you will deselect the cells. But don't ever worry about deselecting. As soon as you start to work on another area, the previous area is automatically deselected.
	Rows:	Click on the number of the row. The entire row will turn black. This means it is selected. Whatever you do to the row will be done to the entire row.
	Columns:	Click on the letter at the top of the column. The entire column will turn black. This means the entire column is selected and can be formatted.
	A range:	Click and drag from one corner of the range. Drag to the last cell you want to select. OR Click at one corner of the range. Hold down the shift key. Click at the other corner of the range. It is easier to use the "click-shift-click" method when you are selecting ranges that are too large to see on the screen all at once.
	Non-Contiguous Cells:	Click on the first cell, or select the first group of cells. Hold down the control key. Select the next cell, or group of cells. Continue until all the groups of cells needed are selected.

	Arrows on the Scroll Bars:	move you one cell at a time in the direction indicated.
	Moving the button:	Moves you through the sheet quickly. The Current Row and Column will be displayed in the Name box.
	Clicking on the scrollbars (not the button.)	Moves you one full screen, in the direction indicated.
Notice that dialog boxes also have scroll bars.

	Just click and type:	Click in the cell where the data should go. Then type.
	When you are done:	Press Enter -- you will move down to the next row. Or press an arrow key. You will move in the direction of the arrow.
		Or click the check mark. Or click in another cell.
You have to "enter" the data before you go on to any other activities. If the entry is too long for the column width, it will be displayed and printed unless there is an entry in the next cell. Size the column by dragging the divider between column letters.


If you click on a cell that has data and just type, the old data will be replaced.

	A series is:	1, 2, 3... March, April, May... 1995, 1996, 1997...
		Numbered labels. Increments -- 5, 10, 15, 20...
		1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th... Thing 1 and Thing 2.
Months must have full names, or only the first three letters. "Sept" won’t work.
	To complete a series:	Enter the first, or the first two labels or numbers. Select the cells to fill with the series.
Use the Copy Block to select the cells.

	Using Undo:	Ctrl-Z
		Click the Undo Icon
		Use the Menu Bar > Edit > Undo
Excel can undo only one action.

		Click on, or select the cells to be moved.
		Point to the frame of the cells.
		Click and drag.
Don’t confuse the drag arrow with the + used for dragging the copy block.

		Click on, or select the cells to be copied.
		Use any Copy key - Edit > Copy The Copy Icon Ctrl - C Ctrl-Drag Right-click > Copy
		Use any Paste key - Edit > Paste The Paste Icon Ctrl - V Ctrl-Drag/Drop Right-click > Paste
A copied element can be pasted as many times as you like.

		Move to the beginning of the sheet - Click A1. Press Ctrl > Home. Type A1 into the Name box.
		Click the Spelling Icon.
		Make the choices, as needed. (Pg 35)

Create the following tables
	A	B	C
1	Grocery List
2		Bread	1.89
3		Milk	2.35
4		Cheese	4.95
5		Dog food	15.98
6		Butter	2.98
7		Eggs	2.45
8

A	B		C		D
Christmas List
Person	Gift	Price		Sub-Total
Mom	Sweater
	Perfume
	Bath robe
Dad	Tie
	Slippers
Baby June	Rattle
Little Ricky	Bongo drums
Bruno	Bone
Daisy	Hair bow

	A	B	C		D
1	Student	Exam 1		Exam 2	Exam 3
2	Amanda Dofunny	87	95		88
3	Lily Tomlin	95	76		86
4	Ethel Mertz	68	63		75
5	Charley Chan	78	79		84
6	Spike Jones	82	91		89
7

Practice Exercises		Create Three Tables
	Table 1: Grocery List	Put 20 items on the list. Type prices. Format prices to $. Use AutoSum to find the totals.
	Table 2: Christmas List	Some people on your list should get more than one gift! Can you find subtotals for their gifts?
	Table 3: Grades	You have 10 students in your class. They have had 3 exams. Create a table that keeps track of their grades.
Moving cells	Click and drag	Move the data in the grocery list into new positions.	Point to the frame of the selected cells with the arrow cursor.
Autofill	Click and drag	Open a new worksheet. Make 4 columns, headed Numbers, Months, Days, and Series. Complete Autofill functions for each of these columns.	Drag the copy block with the cross cursor.
Auto Sum	Create a table showing the prices of three items of clothing.	Use the AutoSum (Sigma) feature to total columns and rows.
Selecting Multiple Blocks Of Cells	Click and drag — with the control key.
Some common Shortcut Keys (Basic Windows)		Ctrl-A = Select All Arrow key = deselect Ctrl-B = Bold Ctrl-C = Copy Ctrl-P = Paste	Ctrl-N = New Document Ctrl-O = Open a Document Ctrl-S = Save Ctrl-Z = Undo (zap) Alt-F4 = Exit Program
Toolbars - Losing And Displaying	View > Toolbars	Turn on the toolbars you want to see. Turn off the ones you don't need.

Formulas	Formula Basics	A formula always begins with =, but you may type + instead.
		Type the formulas shown on page *.
		You will be given either handouts or assignments in your text to complete.
Functions	Function Basics	A function is a formula that has already been prepared by Excel. There are more than 200.
		Sums, Averages and Counts are examples of functions offered by Excel.
	A1,A3 vs. A1:A3	When typing a function, use a comma to indicate individual cells. Use a colon to indicate a range.
	Using the Sum function.	Click the (pointy E) to sum a column.
		Notice the range of cells selected by Excel.
		You can drag to indicate a different range.
		You can sum several columns (or rows) of values at once by selecting the cells that will hold the sums and clicking the Pointy E.
	Entering a formula with the function Wizard	Click on the cell that is to hold the function. Click on the Function Wizard button. Select the function you want to use. Click the cells that are used as arguments for the function. (It sounds more complicated than it is.)

	Used to check a calculation without entering a formula	Select the cells. To change the calculation, right-click the AutoCalc box on the status bar.
		Switch between Average, Count (items, including text) Count Nums (values only), Max, Min, Sum.
		The result is displayed in the AutoCalc box on the status bar.

SKILL	TECHNIQUE				NOTES
Entering Formulas	A1-B1=D4 Subtract B1 from A1. Place the answer in D4.
			A	B		C	D
		1	14	9
		2
		3
		4					(formula)
	Click in the cell that shall contain the formula.				Click in cell D4, in this example.
	Press = or +				These keys are identical in action. They tell the computer, "what follows is a formula."
	Click in the first cell that shall be a part of the formula. OR Type the first part of the formula.				You want to enter A1 minus B1, so click in A1. OR Type A1
	Type the operand.				Type a minus. (you can use either minus sign — the one above the letters or the one above the numbers.)
	Click in the next cell that shall be a part of the formula. OR Type the next part of the formula. (B1)				Click in cell B1. This inserts the formula: = A1 - B1
	When the formula is entered, press the Enter key.				This causes the formula to calculate and the result to be displayed.

	A	B	C	D	E
1					Answers	(Formulae - not visible in your chart.)
2	2	6	4		8	A2 + B2
3	8	3	6		-5	B3 - A3
4	9	4	6		19	A4 + B4 + C4
5	10	5	6		11	A5 - B5 + C5
6	9	11	20		-22	A6 - (B6 + C6)
7	19	12	8		1.583333	A7/B7
8	13	10	2		130	A8 * B8
9	9	11	9		18	A9 * (B9- C9)
10	10	12	12		-20	(A10 - B10) - C10
11
12	12	14	3		0.333333	A2 / C4
13	13	15	15		2	C10 - B8
14	14	14	14		-40	E2 * E3
15	15	15	15		30.08333	A7 * E7

	If you make a mistake, Excel lets you know.	Some mistakes include trying to divide by zero, typing the formula name wrong, trying to add numbers to letters, trying to add a cell to itself.
		Deleting the cells referred to by a formula will result in an error message.
	Appearance:	#DIV/0! #NAME? #VALUE!

	If you get an error message:	Check your typing. Check the references.

	Move when copied to different cells.	Do the exercise on pages 70 - 71.
		If the reference is RELATIVE, the cells it refers to be adjusted when you copy it to different cells.
	Example:	If A2 refers to A1, then B2 ill refer to B1.
		Use the Copy Block to copy cells or formulas
		Click on the cell to be copied. Drag the black square in the lower left corner.

	When You want to refer to a specific cell:	Type a dollar mark before both the column and the row reference: $A$1 will not change when you copy the formula to a different location.
		You will be provided with handouts or with assignments in your textbook.

	Insert a Row.	Click the number at the beginning of the row. Right-Click (pointer must be on the selected cells.) Click Insert. A new row is inserted above the selected row.
	Insert multiple rows:	Select the number of rows to be inserted. Right-Click in the selected cells. Click Insert.
	Inserting Columns:	Same as rows.
	Inserting Cells:	Select cell range where you want to insert cells. Click "shift cells" or Insert rows or columns.
	Deleting Rows:	Select rows to be deleted. Right click in the selected cells. Click Delete.
	Deleting Columns:	Same as Rows.
	Changing height or width:	Click the line that divides column or row headings. Drag it to size.
	Or:	Double-Click the dividing line. The area will be sized to fit the largest entry.
	Or:	Select the row or column. Click Column Width, or Row Height. Set as required.

	...anything you do to change the appearance of your sheet, to make it more attractive and more readable. (Don’t get carried away.)
		Alignment: Left, Right, Centered
		Centering across Columns
		Fonts: Arial, Times New Roman, 12 pt, 32 pt, etc.
		Font Attributes Bold, Italic, Underline, Small Caps, etc.
		Number Formatting Decimal places, Currency, Percent, etc.
		Wrapping Text
		Borders
		Color
		Format Painter
		Clearing Formats
		Automatic Formatting

		Move the mouse over the icon that looks like a sheet of paper with a magnifying glass, and click.
		Or click File > Print Preview.
		Zoom by clicking on the page with the magnifying-glass mouse pointer.
		Close Print Preview by clicking the Close Button.

		In Print Preview, display the margins if they aren't already visible.
		Drag the margins where you want them.
		You can also center the worksheet on the page.

		File ± Print
	Important:	Before you send a worksheet to the printer, notice how many pages you will be sending.
		If you have made an entry in a cell 1000 pages away from the beginning of the sheet, no matter how trivial that entry may be, you will be sending 1000 pages to the printer.

SKILL	ACTION		NOTES
Open Grocery List	Enter data.		Use the Spell Checker.
Changing Fonts	Make your tables beautiful.	Select cells. Change fonts, sizes, colors, and justification.
Some Basic Lines And Borders	Access:	Put lines and borders around your tables, as desired. Fill, as desired.
Format Column Headings	Make column headings 2 point sizes larger and bold.
Insert Column and Row	Click the 2 on the row tab beside honey. The row is selected. Right-click in the selected area. Click Insert. A row will be inserted above the selection. Repeat to insert new columns at B and E.		Size the new columns to provide visually pleasing guides.
Create Formulas	Click in F3. Press = Click in C3. Press * Click in B3. Press enter.		6 bars of soap, multiplied by 4.95 = ?
Copy Formula	Click the formatted cell. (F3) Click and drag the copy spot to fill the column with the formula.
Freeze Panes	Click in cell B2. Click Window > Freeze Panes
Add 10 Items to Your List	Think up your own, or copy the info to the right:		4 tomatoes, lb. .89 6 Soup .69 5 canned peas .45 1 lettuce, head .89 3 cucumbers .33 1 chocolate syrup 1.25 1 zucchini .98 1 lentils, bag 1.29 3 onions, pound .59 2 pumpkin, canned 2.98

Sort	Click Data Click Sort Select column to sort by, and order
Filter	Select across all the columns Click Data > Filter > Autofilter Note the arrows that appear (filter boxes.) Click the value to filter for, or Click Custom and insert value.	Note: Database filters use Boolean logic.
Spell Check	Click Tools > Spelling	You don’t need to worry about your spelling when you type the list!
Print Preview	Click File > Print Preview to view the sheet before printing.
Custom Heading	In Print Preview, click Setup, Custom Header. Format the header. (Ariel, 20 pt was used.)
Center	In Print Preview, click Setup > Margins > Center horizontally and vertically.	Note: you can drag the margins. The settings will appear on the status bar.
Print	Click Print